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Ciências Naturais SAT - Agricultura e Silvicultura

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à agricultura e silvicultura, como "semiárido", "irrigação", "cobertura morta", etc., que você precisará para se sair bem nos seus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to harvest
[verbo]

to cut and collect a crop

colher, ceifar

colher, ceifar

Ex: He harvests carrots from the garden beds , pulling them from the soil .Ele **colhe** cenouras dos canteiros, puxando-as do solo.
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to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

cultivar, plantar

cultivar, plantar

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .Os agricultores **cultivam** culturas como milho e soja no Centro-Oeste.
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to yield
[verbo]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

produzir, render

produzir, render

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .Este vinhedo **produz** uvas de alta qualidade que são usadas para produzir vinhos excepcionais.
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to plow
[verbo]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

arar, lavrar a terra

arar, lavrar a terra

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .Os agricultores **araram** o campo em fileiras retas para otimizar a eficiência do plantio.
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to hoe
[verbo]

to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

enxadar, capinar

enxadar, capinar

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to till
[verbo]

to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

arar, lavrar

arar, lavrar

Ex: Tilling the soil before planting helps to improve drainage and root growth .**Arar** o solo antes do plantio ajuda a melhorar a drenagem e o crescimento das raízes.
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fertilizer
[substantivo]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

fertilizante, adubo

fertilizante, adubo

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .Muito **fertilizante** pode prejudicar as plantas, por isso é importante seguir as instruções.
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irrigation
[substantivo]

the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

irrigação, rega

irrigação, rega

Ex: Effective irrigation practices are crucial for sustainable forestry and preventing soil erosion .Práticas de **irrigação** eficazes são cruciais para a silvicultura sustentável e a prevenção da erosão do solo.
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infiltration
[substantivo]

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

infiltração, penetração da água no solo

infiltração, penetração da água no solo

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precipitation
[substantivo]

the amount of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the ground, measured over a specific period and crucial for crop growth and forest health

precipitação, pluviometria

precipitação, pluviometria

Ex: Accurate precipitation data is vital for developing effective irrigation strategies .Dados precisos de **precipitação** são vitais para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de irrigação eficazes.
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semiarid
[adjetivo]

characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

semiárido, semisseco

semiárido, semisseco

Ex: Effective water management is crucial for sustainable development in semiarid regions .O gerenciamento eficaz da água é crucial para o desenvolvimento sustentável em regiões **semiáridas**.
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coniferous
[adjetivo]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

conífero, resinoso

conífero, resinoso

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deciduous
[adjetivo]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

decíduo

decíduo

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silviculture
[substantivo]

the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

silvicultura, gestão florestal

silvicultura, gestão florestal

Ex: Silviculture plays a vital role in balancing economic interests with environmental conservation in forestry .A **silvicultura** desempenha um papel vital no equilíbrio dos interesses económicos com a conservação ambiental na silvicultura.
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sharecropping
[substantivo]

an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

parceria agrícola, meação

parceria agrícola, meação

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a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

agricultura de precisão, agricultura precisa

agricultura de precisão, agricultura precisa

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agropastoralism
[substantivo]

a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

agropastoralismo, sistema agropastoril

agropastoralismo, sistema agropastoril

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seedling
[substantivo]

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

muda, plântula

muda, plântula

Ex: Gardeners monitor the growth of seedlings to ensure they are ready for outdoor conditions .Os jardineiros monitoram o crescimento das **mudas** para garantir que estejam prontas para as condições externas.
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organic
[adjetivo]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

orgânico, ecológico

orgânico, ecológico

Ex: The store has a wide selection of organic snacks and beverages .A loja tem uma grande seleção de lanches e bebidas **orgânicas**.
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insecticide
[substantivo]

a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

inseticida, produto inseticida

inseticida, produto inseticida

Ex: The house was treated with insecticide to get rid of the ants that had invaded the kitchen .A casa foi tratada com **inseticida** para se livrar das formigas que haviam invadido a cozinha.
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pesticide
[substantivo]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pesticida, agrotóxico

pesticida, agrotóxico

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .O uso excessivo de **pesticidas** pode prejudicar insetos benéficos e o meio ambiente.
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herbicide
[substantivo]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

herbicida

herbicida

Ex: Proper application of herbicides is essential to prevent damage to non-target plants and ecosystems .A aplicação adequada de **herbicidas** é essencial para evitar danos a plantas não-alvo e ecossistemas.
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to terrace
[verbo]

to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

aterrar, construir terraços

aterrar, construir terraços

Ex: The reforestation project involved terracing the land to plant trees on the steep terrain .O projeto de reflorestamento envolveu **aterrar** o terreno para plantar árvores no terreno íngreme.
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manure
[substantivo]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

esterco, adubo orgânico

esterco, adubo orgânico

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compost
[substantivo]

decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

composto, adubo orgânico

composto, adubo orgânico

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mulch
[substantivo]

a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

cobertura morta, mulch

cobertura morta, mulch

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duff
[substantivo]

the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

serapilheira, camada de húmus

serapilheira, camada de húmus

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to weed
[verbo]

to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

capinar, remover ervas daninhas

capinar, remover ervas daninhas

Ex: He weeds the garden paths to keep them clear and accessible .Ele **remove as ervas daninhas** dos caminhos do jardim para mantê-los limpos e acessíveis.
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to cross
[verbo]

to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits

cruzar, hibridar

cruzar, hibridar

Ex: The botanist crossed two varieties of roses , resulting in a flower with a unique color .O botânico **cruzou** duas variedades de rosas, resultando em uma flor com uma cor única.
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blight
[substantivo]

any disease that causes a plant to wither and eventually dies

murcha, doença das plantas

murcha, doença das plantas

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vermin
[substantivo]

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

pragas, animais nocivos

pragas, animais nocivos

Ex: During the medieval times , vermin like fleas and lice were rampant and often spread diseases .Durante a Idade Média, **pragas** como pulgas e piolhos eram comuns e frequentemente espalhavam doenças.
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prairie
[substantivo]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

pradaria, planície

pradaria, planície

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logging
[substantivo]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

corte de árvores, exploração madeireira

corte de árvores, exploração madeireira

Ex: The government imposed restrictions on logging to protect endangered species and their habitats.O governo impôs restrições à **exploração madeireira** para proteger espécies ameaçadas de extinção e seus habitats.
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infestation
[substantivo]

the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

infestação, praga

infestação, praga

Ex: Effective pest management strategies are crucial to control infestation and protect crops .Estratégias eficazes de gestão de pragas são cruciais para controlar **infestação** e proteger as culturas.
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agrarian
[adjetivo]

related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

agrário, agrícola

agrário, agrícola

Ex: The agrarian landscape stretched for miles , with fields of crops as far as the eye could see .A paisagem **agrária** estendia-se por milhas, com campos de cultivos até onde a vista alcançava.
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wasteland
[substantivo]

a barren area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

Ex: The community garden initiative seeks to reclaim urban wasteland for productive use .
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granary
[substantivo]

a place used for storing grains or farm food

celeiro, silo

celeiro, silo

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hydroponics
[substantivo]

a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

hidroponia, cultivo hidropônico

hidroponia, cultivo hidropônico

Ex: The greenhouse utilizes hydroponics to grow a variety of herbs and greens .A estufa utiliza **hidroponia** para cultivar uma variedade de ervas e verduras.
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eutrophication
[substantivo]

the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

eutrofização, enriquecimento excessivo de nutrientes

eutrofização, enriquecimento excessivo de nutrientes

Ex: Efforts to restore the lake 's health focus on reducing nutrient inputs to combat eutrophication.Os esforços para restaurar a saúde do lago concentram-se na redução dos aportes de nutrientes para combater a **eutrofização**.
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millet
[substantivo]

small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

milheto, milheto

milheto, milheto

Ex: You can impress your guests with an elegant millet-stuffed bell pepper dish.Você pode impressionar seus convidados com um prato elegante de pimentão recheado com **milheto**.
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maize
[substantivo]

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

milho, curau

milho, curau

Ex: In the school garden , the students proudly harvested the maize they had planted .No jardim da escola, os alunos colheram orgulhosamente o **milho** que haviam plantado.
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squash
[substantivo]

a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

abóbora, abobrinha

abóbora, abobrinha

Ex: Squash adds a wonderful texture and sweetness to curries.A **abóbora** adiciona uma textura maravilhosa e doçura aos curries.
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safflower
[substantivo]

a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

cártamo, açafrão-bastardo

cártamo, açafrão-bastardo

Ex: She planted safflower in her garden , hoping to extract oil from the seeds for cooking purposes .Ela plantou **cártamo** em seu jardim, esperando extrair óleo das sementes para fins culinários.
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cauliflower
[substantivo]

the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

couve-flor, flor de couve

couve-flor, flor de couve

Ex: She roasted cauliflower florets with spices and olive oil until they were golden brown and crispy .Ela assou floretes de **couve-flor** com especiarias e azeite até ficarem dourados e crocantes.
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milfoil
[substantivo]

aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

mil-folhas, planta aquática com folhas subaquáticas finamente divididas

mil-folhas, planta aquática com folhas subaquáticas finamente divididas

Ex: Researchers study the ecological interactions between milfoil and other aquatic species to better understand its role in freshwater ecosystems .Os pesquisadores estudam as interações ecológicas entre o **milfoil** e outras espécies aquáticas para entender melhor o seu papel nos ecossistemas de água doce.
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birch
[substantivo]

a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

bétula, vidoeiro

bétula, vidoeiro

Ex: The wood of birch trees is prized for its strength and flexibility , ideal for making furniture and plywood .A madeira das **bétulas** é valorizada por sua resistência e flexibilidade, ideal para fazer móveis e compensado.
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hypha
[substantivo]

a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

hifa, filamento fúngico

hifa, filamento fúngico

Ex: The hypha of the mold infiltrated the fruit , causing it to decay rapidly .A **hifa** do mofo infiltrou-se na fruta, fazendo com que apodrecesse rapidamente.
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asparagus
[substantivo]

a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

aspargo

aspargo

Ex: Asparagus is a good source of vitamins and minerals, making it a healthy addition to any meal.O **aspargo** é uma boa fonte de vitaminas e minerais, tornando-o uma adição saudável a qualquer refeição.
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gourd
[substantivo]

a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

cabaça, abóbora

cabaça, abóbora

Ex: Botanists classify gourds as a diverse group of plants , including pumpkins and squashes .Os botânicos classificam as **cabaças** como um grupo diversificado de plantas, incluindo abóboras e abobrinhas.
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radish
[substantivo]

an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

rabanete, raiz-forte

rabanete, raiz-forte

Ex: She sliced the radishes into thin rounds and added them to a fresh garden salad .Ela cortou os **rabanetes** em rodelas finas e os adicionou a uma salada fresca de jardim.
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hemlock
[substantivo]

a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

tsuga, cicuta

tsuga, cicuta

Ex: Foresters manage hemlock stands to maintain biodiversity and sustainable logging practices .Os silvicultores gerem povoamentos de **tsuga** para manter a biodiversidade e práticas de exploração madeireira sustentáveis.
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legume
[substantivo]

any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

legume, leguminosa

legume, leguminosa

Ex: The dietitian recommended incorporating more legumes into their meals for added protein and fiber .O nutricionista recomendou incorporar mais **leguminosas** nas suas refeições para obter mais proteína e fibra.
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purslane
[substantivo]

a succulent herb with fleshy leaves, commonly used in salads and culinary dishes

beldroega, portulaca

beldroega, portulaca

Ex: They bought a bunch of purslane from the farmer 's market and used it as a garnish for their soup .Eles compraram um monte de **beldroega** no mercado dos agricultores e usaram como guarnição para a sopa.
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Ciências Naturais SAT
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