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العلوم الطبيعية SAT - الزراعة والغابات

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بالزراعة والغابات، مثل "semiary" و"irrigation" و"mulch" وما إلى ذلك، والتي سوف تحتاجها لتتفوق في اختبارات SAT الخاصة بك.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to harvest
[فعل]

to cut and collect a crop

يَحْصُدُ, يَجْمَعُ المحصول

يَحْصُدُ, يَجْمَعُ المحصول

Ex: harvests carrots from the garden beds , pulling them from the soil .
to cultivate
[فعل]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

يزرع, يُنمي

يزرع, يُنمي

Ex: cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .
to yield
[فعل]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

ينتج, يحصد

ينتج, يحصد

Ex: This yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .
to plow
[فعل]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

حرث, فلا

حرث, فلا

Ex: The plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .
to hoe
[فعل]

to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

يحرث, يخطط

يحرث, يخطط

to till
[فعل]

to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

يحرث, يستصلح

يحرث, يستصلح

Ex: Tilling the soil before planting helps to improve drainage and root growth .
fertilizer
[اسم]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

سماد, مخصب

سماد, مخصب

Ex: fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .
irrigation
[اسم]

the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

ريّ, إرواء

ريّ, إرواء

Ex: irrigation practices are crucial for sustainable forestry and preventing soil erosion .
infiltration
[اسم]

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

تَسَرُّبٌ, نَفاذٌ

تَسَرُّبٌ, نَفاذٌ

the amount of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the ground, measured over a specific period and crucial for crop growth and forest health

هطول الأمطار, متساقطات

هطول الأمطار, متساقطات

Ex: precipitation data is vital for developing effective irrigation strategies .
semiarid
[صفة]

characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

شبه جاف, شبه قاحل

شبه جاف, شبه قاحل

Ex: Effective water management is crucial for sustainable development semiarid regions .
coniferous
[صفة]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

صنوبري, إبرية

صنوبري, إبرية

deciduous
[صفة]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

متساقط الأوراق, نباتات متساقطة

متساقط الأوراق, نباتات متساقطة

silviculture
[اسم]

the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

زراعة الغابات, إدارة الغابات

زراعة الغابات, إدارة الغابات

Ex: Silviculture plays a vital role in balancing economic interests with environmental conservation in forestry .

an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

نظام المزارعة, المزارعة المقاسمة

نظام المزارعة, المزارعة المقاسمة

a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

الزراعة الدقيقة, الزراعة التكنولوجية

الزراعة الدقيقة, الزراعة التكنولوجية

a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

الزراعة الرعوية, النظام الزراعي الرعوي

الزراعة الرعوية, النظام الزراعي الرعوي

seedling
[اسم]

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

نَبَاتَة, نَبَات صَغِير

نَبَاتَة, نَبَات صَغِير

Ex: Gardeners monitor the growth seedlings to ensure they are ready for outdoor conditions .
organic
[صفة]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

عضوي, طبيعي

عضوي, طبيعي

Ex: The store has a wide selection organic snacks and beverages .
insecticide
[اسم]

a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

مبيد حشرات, مادة مبيدة للحشرات

مبيد حشرات, مادة مبيدة للحشرات

Ex: The house was treated insecticide to get rid of the ants that had invaded the kitchen .
pesticide
[اسم]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

مبيد حشرات, مبيد آفات

مبيد حشرات, مبيد آفات

Ex: Excessive use pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .
herbicide
[اسم]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

مبيد الأعشاب, مبيد نباتي

مبيد الأعشاب, مبيد نباتي

Ex: Proper application herbicides is essential to prevent damage to non-target plants and ecosystems .
to terrace
[فعل]

to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

تراسات, شقوق

تراسات, شقوق

Ex: The reforestation project terracing the land to plant trees on the steep terrain .
manure
[اسم]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

روث, سماد

روث, سماد

compost
[اسم]

decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

كومبوست, سماد عضوي

كومبوست, سماد عضوي

mulch
[اسم]

a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

نشارة, غطاء عضوي

نشارة, غطاء عضوي

duff
[اسم]

the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

الطبقة المتحللة, المادة العضوية المتحللة

الطبقة المتحللة, المادة العضوية المتحللة

to weed
[فعل]

to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

يُعَشِّش, يُنَظِّف حديقة من الأعشاب الضارة

يُعَشِّش, يُنَظِّف حديقة من الأعشاب الضارة

Ex: weeds the garden paths to keep them clear and accessible .
to cross
[فعل]

to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits

Ex: The crossed two varieties of roses , resulting in a flower with a unique color .
blight
[اسم]

any disease that causes a plant to wither and eventually dies

آفة, مرض

آفة, مرض

vermin
[اسم]

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

آفة, كائنات مزعجة

آفة, كائنات مزعجة

Ex: During the medieval timesvermin like fleas and lice were rampant and often spread diseases .
prairie
[اسم]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

سهل, مرج

سهل, مرج

logging
[اسم]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

تقطيع الأشجار, إزالة الأشجار

تقطيع الأشجار, إزالة الأشجار

Ex: The government imposed restrictions on logging to protect endangered species and their habitats.
infestation
[اسم]

the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

تَفَشِّي, اِخْتَلاط

تَفَشِّي, اِخْتَلاط

Ex: Effective pest management strategies are crucial to infestation and protect crops .
agrarian
[صفة]

related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

زراعي, فلاحي

زراعي, فلاحي

Ex: agrarian landscape stretched for miles , with fields of crops as far as the eye could see .
wasteland
[اسم]

a barren or unproductive area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

الأرض القاحلة, الصحراء القاحلة

الأرض القاحلة, الصحراء القاحلة

Ex: The community garden initiative seeks to reclaim wasteland for productive use .
granary
[اسم]

a place used for storing grains or farm food

مخزن الحبوب, إسطبل الحبوب

مخزن الحبوب, إسطبل الحبوب

hydroponics
[اسم]

a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

الزراعة المائية, الهيدروبونيك

الزراعة المائية, الهيدروبونيك

Ex: The greenhouse hydroponics to grow a variety of herbs and greens .

the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

الإثراء الغذائي, التخصيب المفرط للمياه

الإثراء الغذائي, التخصيب المفرط للمياه

Ex: Efforts to restore the lake 's health focus on reducing nutrient inputs to eutrophication.
millet
[اسم]

small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

دُخن, سِرْبَة

دُخن, سِرْبَة

Ex: You can impress your guests with an elegant millet-stuffed bell pepper dish.
maize
[اسم]

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

ذرة, مَخَزّ

ذرة, مَخَزّ

Ex: In the school garden , the students proudly harvested maize they had planted .
squash
[اسم]

a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

كوسا, قرع

كوسا, قرع

Ex: Squash adds a wonderful texture and sweetness to curries.
safflower
[اسم]

a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

زعفران برّي, قرطم

زعفران برّي, قرطم

Ex: She safflower in her garden , hoping to extract oil from the seeds for cooking purposes .
cauliflower
[اسم]

the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

قرنبيط, زهرة الكرنب

قرنبيط, زهرة الكرنب

Ex: She cauliflower florets with spices and olive oil until they were golden brown and crispy .
milfoil
[اسم]

aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

الصدف البحري, الأعشاب المائية

الصدف البحري, الأعشاب المائية

Ex: Researchers study the ecological interactions milfoil and other aquatic species to better understand its role in freshwater ecosystems .
birch
[اسم]

a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

شجرة البتولا, بتولا

شجرة البتولا, بتولا

Ex: The wood birch trees is prized for its strength and flexibility , ideal for making furniture and plywood .
hypha
[اسم]

a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

هيفاه, خيوط الفطريات

هيفاه, خيوط الفطريات

Ex: hypha of the mold infiltrated the fruit , causing it to decay rapidly .
asparagus
[اسم]

a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

هَريبَس, هَربَس

هَريبَس, هَربَس

Ex: Asparagus is a good source of vitamins and minerals, making it a healthy addition to any meal.
gourd
[اسم]

a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

قرع, دُلاَّج

قرع, دُلاَّج

Ex: Botanists gourds as a diverse group of plants , including pumpkins and squashes .
radish
[اسم]

an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

فجل, خُسّ

فجل, خُسّ

Ex: She sliced radishes into thin rounds and added them to a fresh garden salad .
hemlock
[اسم]

a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

شجرة الهيملوك, شجرة الصنوبر

شجرة الهيملوك, شجرة الصنوبر

Ex: Foresters hemlock stands to maintain biodiversity and sustainable logging practices .
legume
[اسم]

any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

بقوليات, نباتات القرون

بقوليات, نباتات القرون

Ex: The dietitian recommended incorporating legumes into their meals for added protein and fiber .
purslane
[اسم]

a succulent herb with fleshy leaves, commonly used in salads and culinary dishes

ردهة, بقلة

ردهة, بقلة

Ex: They bought a bunch purslane from the farmer 's market and used it as a garnish for their soup .
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