to cut and collect a crop

収穫する, 刈り取る
to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

栽培する, 耕す
(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

生産する, 収穫する
to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

耕す(たがやす), 耕耘する(こううんする)
to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

耕す (たがやす), hoe は「鍬で耕す」(くわでたがやす)
to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

耕す(たがやす), 土を耕す(つちをたがやす)
a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

肥料 (ひりょう), 肥料 (ひりょう)
the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

灌漑(かんがい), 灌水(かんすい)
the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

浸透, 浸入
the amount of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the ground, measured over a specific period and crucial for crop growth and forest health

降水量(こうすいりょう), 降水(こうすい)
characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

準乾燥の, 半乾燥の
relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

針葉樹の, 針葉樹性の
the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

森林管理(しんりんかんり), 林業(りんぎょう)
an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

小作制(こさくせい), シェアクロッピング
a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

精密農業, 精緻農業
a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

農牧業, アグロパストラリズム
a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

苗, 若苗
(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

有機(ゆうき), オーガニック
a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

殺虫剤 (さっちゅうざい), インセクトサイド
a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

農薬 (のうやく), 殺虫剤 (さっちゅうざい)
a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

除草剤 (じょそうざい), ハーブicide (はーぶさいど)
to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

段々畑を作る, テラスを設ける
solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

肥料 (ひりょう), 堆肥 (たいひ)
decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

堆肥 (たいひ), コンポスト
a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

マルチ, mulch(マルチ)
the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

土壌表面に堆積した分解中の有機物(葉、枝、その他の植物素材)の層, ダフ
to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

雑草を取り除く, 除草する
to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits
small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

害獣, 有害生物
the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

伐採(ばっさい), ログ作業(ログさぎょう)
the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

寄生(きせい), 侵略(しんりゃく)
related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

農業の (のうぎょうの), 農耕の (のうこうの)
a barren or unproductive area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

不毛の土地 (ふもうのとち), 荒地 (あれち)
a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

水耕栽培, ハイドロポニクス
the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

富栄養化, ユートロフィケーション
small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

ミレット, 粟(あわ)
a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

トウモロコシ, マイズ
a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

ズッキーニ, スクワッシュ
a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

サフラワー, ベニバナ
the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

カリフラワー, 花キャベツ
aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

ミルフォイル, 水草
a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

白樺(しらかば), バーチ
a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

菌糸(きんし), ハイファ
a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

アスパラガス, asparagus (アスパラ)
a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

うり (uri), ひょうたん (hyoutan)
an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

ラディッシュ, 大根(赤い)
a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

ヘムロック, モミ
any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

豆類, マメ科植物
