自然科学SAT - 农林业

to cut and collect a crop

收割, 采摘

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

耕种

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

生产, 提供

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

耕地, 翻土

to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

锄头, 耕种

to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

耕作, 翻土

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

肥料, 化肥

the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

灌溉

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

渗透, 侵入

the amount of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the ground, measured over a specific period and crucial for crop growth and forest health

降水量, 降水

characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

半干旱的, 半干旱的

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

针叶树的, 松类的

(of plants) annually losing leaves

落叶的, 落叶性

the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

林业

an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

_SHARECROPPING_, 租佃制度

a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

精准农业, 精确农业

a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

农业牧业结合, 农牧业

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

幼苗, 苗木

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

有机的, 自然的

a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

杀虫剂

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

农药, 杀虫剂

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

除草剂

to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

梯田化, 创建梯田

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

肥料, 粪便

decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

堆肥, 有机肥料

a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

覆盖物, 杂草覆盖

the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

腐殖土, 腐烂的有机物质

to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

除草, 拔草

a type of flowering plant that has a single cotyledon, or seed leaf, in its embryo, and typically features parallel leaf veins, flower parts in multiples of three, and fibrous root systems

单子叶植物, 单子叶

to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds, races, or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits

交配, 杂交

any disease that causes a plant to wither and eventually dies

枯萎, 植物病害

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

害虫, 有害动物

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

草原, 平原

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

伐木, 砍伐林木

the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

感染, 入侵

related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

农业的, 乡村的

a barren or unproductive area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

荒地, 荒漠

a place used for storing grains or farm food

粮仓, 谷物仓

a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

水耕栽培

the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

富营养化, 营养过剩

small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

小米, 黍米

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

玉米

a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

南瓜, 西葫芦

a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

红花

the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

花椰菜

aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

米尔福, 水生植物

a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

桦树, 白桦树

a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

菌丝, 真菌丝

a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

芦笋

a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

葫芦, 瓶子

an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

萝卜

a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

铁杉, 刺柏

any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

豆类, 豆科植物

a succulent herb with fleshy leaves, commonly used in salads and culinary dishes

马齿苋