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Mga Likas na Agham ng SAT - Agrikultura at Paggugubat

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa agrikultura at paggugubat, tulad ng "semiarid", "irrigation", "mulch", atbp. na kakailanganin mo upang pumasa sa iyong SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to harvest
[Pandiwa]

to cut and collect a crop

ani, gapas

ani, gapas

Ex: He harvests carrots from the garden beds , pulling them from the soil .Siya ay **umaani** ng mga karot mula sa mga garden bed, hinihila ang mga ito mula sa lupa.
to cultivate
[Pandiwa]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

linangin, taniman

linangin, taniman

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .**Nilinang** ng mga magsasaka ang mga pananim tulad ng mais at toyo sa Midwest.
to yield
[Pandiwa]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

gumawa, magbigay

gumawa, magbigay

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .Ang ubasan na ito ay **nagbibigay** ng mataas na kalidad na ubas na ginagamit upang makagawa ng pambihirang mga alak.
to plow
[Pandiwa]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

mag-araro, bungkalin ang lupa

mag-araro, bungkalin ang lupa

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .Ang mga magsasaka ay **nag-aararo** ng bukid sa tuwid na hanay upang i-optimize ang kahusayan sa pagtatanim.
to hoe
[Pandiwa]

to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

mag-asada, mag-alis ng damo

mag-asada, mag-alis ng damo

to till
[Pandiwa]

to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

magbungkal, mag-araro

magbungkal, mag-araro

Ex: Tilling the soil before planting helps to improve drainage and root growth .Ang **paghahanda** ng lupa bago magtanim ay nakakatulong sa pagpapabuti ng drainage at paglago ng ugat.
fertilizer
[Pangngalan]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

pataba, abono

pataba, abono

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .Masyadong maraming **pataba** ay maaaring makasama sa mga halaman, kaya mahalagang sundin ang mga tagubilin.
irrigation
[Pangngalan]

the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

patubig, irigasyon

patubig, irigasyon

Ex: Effective irrigation practices are crucial for sustainable forestry and preventing soil erosion .Ang epektibong mga gawi sa **irigasyon** ay mahalaga para sa napapanatiling paggugubat at pag-iwas sa pagguho ng lupa.
infiltration
[Pangngalan]

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

pagsipsip, pagpasok ng tubig sa lupa

pagsipsip, pagpasok ng tubig sa lupa

precipitation
[Pangngalan]

the amount of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the ground, measured over a specific period and crucial for crop growth and forest health

presipitasyon, dami ng ulan

presipitasyon, dami ng ulan

Ex: Accurate precipitation data is vital for developing effective irrigation strategies .Ang tumpak na datos ng **pag-ulan** ay mahalaga para sa pagbuo ng epektibong mga estratehiya ng patubig.
semiarid
[pang-uri]

characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

hindi tuyong-tuyo, medyo tuyo

hindi tuyong-tuyo, medyo tuyo

Ex: Effective water management is crucial for sustainable development in semiarid regions .Ang epektibong pamamahala ng tubig ay mahalaga para sa napapanatiling pag-unlad sa mga rehiyon na **semiarid**.
coniferous
[pang-uri]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

konipero, may mga karayom na dahon

konipero, may mga karayom na dahon

deciduous
[pang-uri]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

naglalaglag ng dahon

naglalaglag ng dahon

silviculture
[Pangngalan]

the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

silbikultura, pamamahala ng kagubatan

silbikultura, pamamahala ng kagubatan

Ex: Silviculture plays a vital role in balancing economic interests with environmental conservation in forestry .Ang **silviculture** ay may mahalagang papel sa pagbabalanse ng mga interes pang-ekonomiya sa pangangalaga ng kapaligiran sa pagtotroso.
sharecropping
[Pangngalan]

an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

pagsasaka sa hatian, pagbubungkal ng lupa para sa bahagi ng ani

pagsasaka sa hatian, pagbubungkal ng lupa para sa bahagi ng ani

a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

tumpak na agrikultura, precisyon na pagsasaka

tumpak na agrikultura, precisyon na pagsasaka

agropastoralism
[Pangngalan]

a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

agropastoralismo, sistemang agropastoral

agropastoralismo, sistemang agropastoral

seedling
[Pangngalan]

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

punla, binhi

punla, binhi

Ex: Gardeners monitor the growth of seedlings to ensure they are ready for outdoor conditions .Sinusubaybayan ng mga hardinero ang paglaki ng mga **punla** upang matiyak na handa na sila para sa mga kondisyon sa labas.
organic
[pang-uri]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

organiko, likas

organiko, likas

Ex: The store has a wide selection of organic snacks and beverages .Ang tindahan ay may malawak na seleksyon ng **organic** na meryenda at inumin.
insecticide
[Pangngalan]

a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

pampatay ng insekto, kemikal na pampatay ng insekto

pampatay ng insekto, kemikal na pampatay ng insekto

Ex: The house was treated with insecticide to get rid of the ants that had invaded the kitchen .Ang bahay ay ginamitan ng **insecticide** upang maalis ang mga ants na sumalakay sa kusina.
pesticide
[Pangngalan]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .Ang labis na paggamit ng **pestisidyo** ay maaaring makasama sa mga kapaki-pakinabang na insekto at sa kapaligiran.
herbicide
[Pangngalan]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

herbisidyo

herbisidyo

Ex: Proper application of herbicides is essential to prevent damage to non-target plants and ecosystems .Ang wastong aplikasyon ng mga **herbicide** ay mahalaga upang maiwasan ang pinsala sa mga hindi target na halaman at mga ecosystem.
to terrace
[Pandiwa]

to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

mag-terrace, gumawa ng mga terrace

mag-terrace, gumawa ng mga terrace

Ex: The reforestation project involved terracing the land to plant trees on the steep terrain .Ang proyekto ng reforestation ay nagsama ng **pag-terrace** sa lupa upang magtanim ng mga puno sa matarik na lupain.
manure
[Pangngalan]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

pataba, dumi ng hayop

pataba, dumi ng hayop

compost
[Pangngalan]

decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

compost, organikong pataba

compost, organikong pataba

mulch
[Pangngalan]

a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

mulch, patong na pang-alaga sa halaman

mulch, patong na pang-alaga sa halaman

duff
[Pangngalan]

the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

banig ng dahon, patong ng humus

banig ng dahon, patong ng humus

to weed
[Pandiwa]

to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

mag-alis ng damo, linisin ang mga damo

mag-alis ng damo, linisin ang mga damo

Ex: He weeds the garden paths to keep them clear and accessible .**Nag-aalis siya ng damo** sa mga daanan ng hardin upang panatilihing malinis at ma-access ang mga ito.
to cross
[Pandiwa]

to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits

tawirin, haluin

tawirin, haluin

Ex: The botanist crossed two varieties of roses , resulting in a flower with a unique color .Ang botanista ay **nag-cross** ng dalawang uri ng rosas, na nagresulta sa isang bulaklak na may natatanging kulay.
blight
[Pangngalan]

any disease that causes a plant to wither and eventually dies

paglalanta, sakit ng halaman

paglalanta, sakit ng halaman

vermin
[Pangngalan]

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

peste, mga nakakapinsalang hayop

peste, mga nakakapinsalang hayop

Ex: During the medieval times , vermin like fleas and lice were rampant and often spread diseases .Noong panahon ng medyebal, ang mga **peste** tulad ng mga pulgas at kuto ay laganap at madalas na nagkakalat ng mga sakit.
prairie
[Pangngalan]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

prairie, kapatagan

prairie, kapatagan

logging
[Pangngalan]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

pagputol ng mga puno, pagtotroso

pagputol ng mga puno, pagtotroso

Ex: The government imposed restrictions on logging to protect endangered species and their habitats.Nagpatupad ang gobyerno ng mga paghihigpit sa **pagtotroso** upang protektahan ang mga nanganganib na species at ang kanilang mga tirahan.
infestation
[Pangngalan]

the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

pagsalakay, pagkalat

pagsalakay, pagkalat

Ex: Effective pest management strategies are crucial to control infestation and protect crops .Ang epektibong mga estratehiya sa pamamahala ng peste ay mahalaga upang makontrol ang **pagsalakay** at maprotektahan ang mga pananim.
agrarian
[pang-uri]

related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

agraryo, pang-agrikultura

agraryo, pang-agrikultura

Ex: The agrarian landscape stretched for miles , with fields of crops as far as the eye could see .Ang **agraryo** na tanawin ay umaabot ng milya-milya, na may mga bukid ng pananim hanggang sa abot ng mata.
wasteland
[Pangngalan]

a barren or unproductive area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

tiwangwang na lupa, disyerto

tiwangwang na lupa, disyerto

Ex: The community garden initiative seeks to reclaim urban wasteland for productive use .Ang inisyatiba ng komunidad na hardin ay naglalayong bawiin ang urbanong **lupang tiwangwang** para sa produktibong paggamit.
granary
[Pangngalan]

a place used for storing grains or farm food

bangan, silo

bangan, silo

hydroponics
[Pangngalan]

a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

hydroponics, pamamaraan ng pagtatanim ng mga halaman nang walang lupa

hydroponics, pamamaraan ng pagtatanim ng mga halaman nang walang lupa

Ex: The greenhouse utilizes hydroponics to grow a variety of herbs and greens .Ang greenhouse ay gumagamit ng **hydroponics** para palaguin ang iba't ibang uri ng mga halamang gamot at gulay.
eutrophication
[Pangngalan]

the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

eutropikasyon, labis na pagyaman ng nutrient

eutropikasyon, labis na pagyaman ng nutrient

Ex: Efforts to restore the lake 's health focus on reducing nutrient inputs to combat eutrophication.Ang mga pagsisikap na ibalik ang kalusugan ng lawa ay nakatuon sa pagbawas ng mga input ng nutrient upang labanan ang **eutrophication**.
millet
[Pangngalan]

small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

dawa, dawa

dawa, dawa

Ex: You can impress your guests with an elegant millet-stuffed bell pepper dish.Maaari mong mapahanga ang iyong mga bisita sa isang eleganteng ulam ng bell pepper na pinalamanan ng **millet**.
maize
[Pangngalan]

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

mais, saging na saba

mais, saging na saba

Ex: In the school garden , the students proudly harvested the maize they had planted .Sa hardin ng paaralan, may pagmamalaking inani ng mga estudyante ang **mais** na kanilang itinanim.
squash
[Pangngalan]

a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

kalabasa, squash

kalabasa, squash

Ex: Squash adds a wonderful texture and sweetness to curries.Ang **kalabasa** ay nagdaragdag ng kamangha-manghang texture at tamis sa mga curry.
safflower
[Pangngalan]

a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

safflower, halaman ng safflower

safflower, halaman ng safflower

Ex: She planted safflower in her garden , hoping to extract oil from the seeds for cooking purposes .Nagtanim siya ng **safflower** sa kanyang hardin, na umaasang makakuha ng langis mula sa mga buto para sa pagluluto.
cauliflower
[Pangngalan]

the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

koliplor, bulaklak ng repolyo

koliplor, bulaklak ng repolyo

Ex: She roasted cauliflower florets with spices and olive oil until they were golden brown and crispy .Inihaw niya ang mga bulaklak ng **cauliflower** na may pampalasa at langis ng oliba hanggang sa maging golden brown at crispy.
milfoil
[Pangngalan]

aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

milpoil, halaman sa tubig na may pinong hinati sa ilalim ng tubig na mga dahon

milpoil, halaman sa tubig na may pinong hinati sa ilalim ng tubig na mga dahon

Ex: Researchers study the ecological interactions between milfoil and other aquatic species to better understand its role in freshwater ecosystems .Pinag-aaralan ng mga mananaliksik ang mga ekolohikal na interaksyon sa pagitan ng **milfoil** at iba pang mga species sa tubig upang mas maunawaan ang papel nito sa mga freshwater ecosystem.
birch
[Pangngalan]

a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

puno ng birch, birch

puno ng birch, birch

Ex: The wood of birch trees is prized for its strength and flexibility , ideal for making furniture and plywood .Ang kahoy ng mga puno ng **birch** ay pinahahalagahan dahil sa tibay at kakayahang yumuko, perpekto para sa paggawa ng muwebles at plywood.
hypha
[Pangngalan]

a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

hypha, hibla ng kabute

hypha, hibla ng kabute

Ex: The hypha of the mold infiltrated the fruit , causing it to decay rapidly .Ang **hypha** ng amag ay tumagos sa prutas, na nagdulot ng mabilis na pagkabulok nito.
asparagus
[Pangngalan]

a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

asparagus

asparagus

Ex: Asparagus is a good source of vitamins and minerals, making it a healthy addition to any meal.Ang **asparagus** ay isang magandang pinagmumulan ng mga bitamina at mineral, na ginagawa itong malusog na karagdagan sa anumang pagkain.
gourd
[Pangngalan]

a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

kalabasa, upo

kalabasa, upo

Ex: Botanists classify gourds as a diverse group of plants , including pumpkins and squashes .Inuuri ng mga botanist ang **kalabasa** bilang isang magkakaibang grupo ng mga halaman, kasama ang mga kalabasa at squash.
radish
[Pangngalan]

an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

labanos, pulang labanos

labanos, pulang labanos

Ex: She sliced the radishes into thin rounds and added them to a fresh garden salad .Hiniwa niya ang **radish** sa manipis na bilog at idinagdag ito sa isang sariwang garden salad.
hemlock
[Pangngalan]

a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

tsuga, hemlock

tsuga, hemlock

Ex: Foresters manage hemlock stands to maintain biodiversity and sustainable logging practices .Pinamamahalaan ng mga tagapangalaga ng kagubatan ang mga taniman ng **hemlock** upang mapanatili ang biodiversity at sustainable na pagtotroso.
legume
[Pangngalan]

any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

legumbre, leguminosa

legumbre, leguminosa

Ex: The dietitian recommended incorporating more legumes into their meals for added protein and fiber .Inirerekomenda ng dietitian ang pag-incorporate ng mas maraming **legumes** sa kanilang mga pagkain para sa karagdagang protina at fiber.
purslane
[Pangngalan]

a succulent herb with fleshy leaves, commonly used in salads and culinary dishes

purslane, portulaca

purslane, portulaca

Ex: They bought a bunch of purslane from the farmer 's market and used it as a garnish for their soup .Bumili sila ng isang bungkos ng **purslane** mula sa pamilihan ng mga magsasaka at ginamit ito bilang garnish para sa kanilang sopas.
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