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Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Inginerie și Cercetare

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre inginerie și cercetare, cum ar fi "fir", "întrerupător", "macara" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
apparatus
apparatus
[substantiv]

tools or machines that are designed for a specific purpose

aparat, echipament

aparat, echipament

Ex: The laboratory apparatus included microscopes, test tubes, and beakers. 
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instrument
instrument
[substantiv]

a device or tool that requires specific knowledge on how to be used

instrument, aparat

instrument, aparat

Ex: The scientist used a complex instrument to measure the chemical reactions accurately. 
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microchip
microchip
[substantiv]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

microcip, cip

microcip, cip

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 
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telescope
telescope
[substantiv]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

telescop, lunetă

telescop, lunetă

Ex: He used a telescope to observe the stars. 
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wire
wire
[substantiv]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

fir, cablu

fir, cablu

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
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switch
switch
[substantiv]

something such as a button or key that turns a machine, lamp, etc. on or off

întrerupător, comutator

întrerupător, comutator

Ex: She pressed the switch to turn on the light in the room. 
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sensor
sensor
[substantiv]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detector

senzor, detector

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
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circuit
circuit
[substantiv]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

circuit

circuit

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
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screw
screw
[substantiv]

a small pointy piece of metal that can be fastened into wooden or metal objects using a screwdriver to hold things together

șurub, șurub

șurub, șurub

Ex: He used a screwdriver to tighten the screws holding the shelves to the wall. 
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machinery
machinery
[substantiv]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

mașinării, echipamente industriale

mașinării, echipamente industriale

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
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mechanical
mechanical
[adjectiv]

(of an object) powered by machinery or an engine

mecanic

mecanic

Ex: The mechanical device automatically sorts items based on size and weight. 
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cable
cable
[substantiv]

a group of wires bundled together for transmitting electricity that is protected within a rubber case

cablu, cablu electric

cablu, cablu electric

Ex: The electrician installed a new cable to ensure a stable power supply to the building. 
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crane
crane
[substantiv]

a very large tall machine used for lifting heavy objects

macara, masina de ridicat

macara, masina de ridicat

Ex: The construction site buzzed with activity as the crane lifted steel beams into place for the new skyscraper. 
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capacity
capacity
[substantiv]

the quantity that is possible by a machine, etc. to produce

capacitate, randament

capacitate, randament

Ex: The capacity of the factory increased with the installation of new machinery. 
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to service

to maintain, repair, or prepare something so that it is fit for use

a întreține, a revizui

a întreține, a revizui

Ex: Regularly servicing equipment extends its lifespan. 
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prototype
prototype
[substantiv]

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

prototip, model preliminar

prototip, model preliminar

Ex: The engineers created a prototype of the new electric car to test its performance and safety features. 
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current
current
[substantiv]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

curent, flux electric

curent, flux electric

Ex: An alternating current is commonly used to power household appliances. 
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adapter
adapter
[substantiv]

a device used for connecting two pieces of equipment that are not compatible with each other

adaptor, convertor

adaptor, convertor

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to model
to model
[verb]

to make a representation of something, especially one based on mathematics

modela, reprezenta

modela, reprezenta

Ex: Economists model supply and demand to understand market trends and make forecasts. 
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laboratory
laboratory
[substantiv]

a place where people do scientific experiments, manufacture drugs, etc.

laborator, lab

laborator, lab

Ex: The chemistry students conducted experiments in the laboratory to study chemical reactions. 
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sample
sample
[substantiv]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

probă, eșantion

probă, eșantion

Ex: The lab technician collected a blood sample for analysis. 
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method
method
[substantiv]

a specific way or process of doing something, particularly an established or systematic one

metodă, procedeu

metodă, procedeu

Ex: The scientific method involves systematic observation, measurement, and experimentation. 
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to conduct

to direct or participate in the management, organization, or execution of something

conduce, desfășura

conduce, desfășura

Ex: The experienced project manager will conduct the team in implementing the new software. 
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evaluation
evaluation
[substantiv]

a judgment on the quantity and quality of something after careful consideration

evaluare

evaluare

Ex: The evaluation of the project's success will be based on the achievement of key performance indicators. 
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experimental
experimental
[adjectiv]

relating to or involving scientific experiments, especially those designed to test hypotheses or explore new ideas

experimental

experimental

Ex: The experimental study investigated the effects of meditation on stress levels. 
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finding
finding
[substantiv]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

descoperire, constatare

descoperire, constatare

Ex: The scientist's finding revealed a new way to treat the disease. 
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hypothesis
hypothesis
[substantiv]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

ipoteză, presupunere

ipoteză, presupunere

Ex: The scientist developed a hypothesis to explain the observed phenomena. 
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guinea pig
guinea pig
[substantiv]

someone on whom scientific experiments are tested

cobai, subiect de test

cobai, subiect de test

Ex: The patients felt like guinea pigs in an unfinished drug trial. 
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to detect
to detect
[verb]

to notice or discover something that is difficult to find

detecta, descoperi

detecta, descoperi

Ex: The security system is designed to detect unauthorized access to the building. 
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to classify

to put people or things in different categories or groups

clasifica, categorisi

clasifica, categorisi

Ex: The scientist classified the organisms into different species based on their genetic traits and physical features. 
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discovery
discovery
[substantiv]

the act of finding something for the first time and before others

descoperire, găsire

descoperire, găsire

Ex: The discovery of penicillin revolutionized medicine by introducing the first antibiotic. 
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archeologist
archeologist
[substantiv]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

arheolog

arheolog

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