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Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Inginerie și Cercetare

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre inginerie și cercetare, cum ar fi "fir", "întrerupător", "macara" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
apparatus
apparatus
[substantiv]

tools or machines that are designed for a specific purpose

aparat, echipament

aparat, echipament

Ex: The laboratory apparatus included microscopes, test tubes, and beakers. 

Aparatura de laborator includea microscopioane, eprubete și pahare.

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instrument
instrument
[substantiv]

a device or tool that requires specific knowledge on how to be used

instrument, aparat

instrument, aparat

Ex: Operating the medical instrument required special training to ensure proper use. 
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microchip
microchip
[substantiv]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

microcip, cip

microcip, cip

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 

Performanța computerului s-a îmbunătățit după actualizarea microcipului său.

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telescope
telescope
[substantiv]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

telescop, lunetă

telescop, lunetă

Ex: He used a telescope to observe the stars. 

El a folosit un telescop pentru a observa stelele.

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wire
wire
[substantiv]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

fir, cablu

fir, cablu

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
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switch
switch
[substantiv]

something such as a button or key that turns a machine, lamp, etc. on or off

întrerupător, comutator

întrerupător, comutator

Ex: He flipped the switch to activate the power to the machinery. 
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sensor
sensor
[substantiv]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detector

senzor, detector

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
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circuit
circuit
[substantiv]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

circuit

circuit

Ex: A closed circuit allows electricity to flow continuously, while an open circuit stops the flow. 
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screw
screw
[substantiv]

a metal fastener with a spiral thread that is turned into material to hold objects together

șurub,  bolț

șurub, bolț

Ex: Daniel tightened the loose screw in the cabinet door. 
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machinery
machinery
[substantiv]

machines, especially large or complex ones, considered collectively

mașini,  utilaje

mașini, utilaje

Ex: The factory invested in new machinery to increase production. 
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mechanical
mechanical
[adjectiv]

operated by a machine or by a system of moving parts

mecanic,  mecanic

mecanic, mecanic

Ex: The old clock uses a mechanical movement rather than an electronic one. 
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cable
cable
[substantiv]

a set of insulated wires or fibers used to carry electricity or electronic signals

cablu,  cabluri

cablu, cabluri

Ex: Emma connected the monitor with a new cable. 
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crane
crane
[substantiv]

a very large tall machine used for lifting heavy objects

macara, masina de ridicat

macara, masina de ridicat

Ex: The construction site buzzed with activity as the crane lifted steel beams into place for the new skyscraper. 

Șantierul era plin de activitate în timp ce macaraua ridica grinzi de oțel în locul lor pentru noul zgârie-nori.

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capacity
capacity
[substantiv]

the quantity that is possible by a machine, etc. to produce

capacitate, randament

capacitate, randament

Ex: The capacity of the factory increased with the installation of new machinery. 
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to service

to maintain, repair, or prepare something so that it is fit for use

a întreține, a revizui

a întreține, a revizui

Ex: The technician serviced the air conditioner. 
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prototype
prototype
[substantiv]

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

prototip, model preliminar

prototip, model preliminar

Ex: The engineers created a prototype of the new electric car to test its performance and safety features. 

Inginerii au creat un prototip al noii mașini electrice pentru a testa performanța și caracteristicile de siguranță.

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current
current
[substantiv]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

curent, flux electric

curent, flux electric

Ex: An alternating current is commonly used to power household appliances. 
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adapter
adapter
[substantiv]

a device used for connecting two pieces of equipment that are not compatible with each other

adaptor, convertor

adaptor, convertor

Ex: She used a plug adapter to charge her laptop overseas. 
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to model
to model
[verb]

to make a representation of something, especially one based on mathematics

modela, reprezenta

modela, reprezenta

Ex: To estimate the growth of the population, researchers modeled the data over the next 50 years. 
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laboratory
laboratory
[substantiv]

a room or building equipped for scientific research, experiments, testing, or the production of chemicals or medicines

Ex: The new laboratory contains advanced equipment for medical research. 
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sample
sample
[substantiv]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

probă, eșantion

probă, eșantion

Ex: A soil sample was taken to test for nutrient levels. 
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method
method
[substantiv]

a specific way or process of doing something, particularly an established or systematic one

metodă, procedeu

metodă, procedeu

Ex: The teacher uses the Socratic method to engage students in critical thinking. 
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to conduct

to direct or participate in the management, organization, or execution of something

conduce, desfășura

conduce, desfășura

Ex: Researchers will conduct experiments to test the efficacy of the new drug. 
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evaluation
evaluation
[substantiv]

a judgment on the quantity and quality of something after careful consideration

evaluare

evaluare

Ex: Before making a decision, the committee will conduct an evaluation of all the proposals submitted. 
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experimental
experimental
[adjectiv]

relating to or involving scientific experiments, especially those designed to test hypotheses or explore new ideas

experimental

experimental

Ex: The experimental study investigated the effects of meditation on stress levels. 

Studiul experimental a investigat efectele meditației asupra nivelului de stres.

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finding
finding
[substantiv]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

descoperire, constatare

descoperire, constatare

Ex: The findings from the survey highlighted a growing trend in consumer preferences. 
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hypothesis
hypothesis
[substantiv]

a proposed explanation for a situation or set of facts that has not yet been proved

ipoteză,  presupunere

ipoteză, presupunere

Ex: One hypothesis is that the decline was caused by changing consumer habits. 
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guinea pig
guinea pig
[substantiv]

someone on whom scientific experiments are tested

cobai, subiect de test

cobai, subiect de test

Ex: I won't be a guinea pig for a treatment no one has properly tested. 
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to detect
to detect
[verb]

to notice or discover something that is difficult to find

detecta, descoperi

detecta, descoperi

Ex: The detective could detect subtle clues that others overlooked. 
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to classify

to arrange people or things into groups according to shared characteristics or qualities

Ex: The library classifies books according to subject. 
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discovery
discovery
[substantiv]

the act of finding something for the first time and before others

descoperire, găsire

descoperire, găsire

Ex: The archaeologist's discovery of ancient ruins shed light on the civilization that once thrived there. 
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archeologist
archeologist
[substantiv]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

arheolog

arheolog

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