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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Inženýrství a Výzkum

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o inženýrství a výzkumu, jako je "drát", "vypínač", "jeřáb" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
apparatus
apparatus
[Podstatné jméno]

tools or machines that are designed for a specific purpose

přístroj, vybavení

přístroj, vybavení

Ex: The laboratory apparatus included microscopes, test tubes, and beakers. 
instrument
instrument
[Podstatné jméno]

a device or tool that requires specific knowledge on how to be used

nástroj, přístroj

nástroj, přístroj

Ex: The scientist used a complex instrument to measure the chemical reactions accurately. 
microchip
microchip
[Podstatné jméno]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

mikročip, čip

mikročip, čip

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 
telescope
telescope
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

teleskop, dalekohled

teleskop, dalekohled

Ex: He used a telescope to observe the stars. 
wire
wire
[Podstatné jméno]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

drát, kabel

drát, kabel

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
switch
switch
[Podstatné jméno]

something such as a button or key that turns a machine, lamp, etc. on or off

vypínač, přepínač

vypínač, přepínač

Ex: She pressed the switch to turn on the light in the room. 
sensor
sensor
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detektor

senzor, detektor

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
circuit
circuit
[Podstatné jméno]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

obvod

obvod

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
screw
screw
[Podstatné jméno]

a small pointy piece of metal that can be fastened into wooden or metal objects using a screwdriver to hold things together

šroub, vrut

šroub, vrut

Ex: He used a screwdriver to tighten the screws holding the shelves to the wall. 
machinery
machinery
[Podstatné jméno]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
mechanical
mechanical
[Přídavné jméno]

(of an object) powered by machinery or an engine

mechanický

mechanický

Ex: The mechanical device automatically sorts items based on size and weight. 
cable
cable
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of wires bundled together for transmitting electricity that is protected within a rubber case

kabel, elektrický kabel

kabel, elektrický kabel

Ex: The electrician installed a new cable to ensure a stable power supply to the building. 
crane
crane
[Podstatné jméno]

a very large tall machine used for lifting heavy objects

jeřáb, zvedací stroj

jeřáb, zvedací stroj

Ex: The construction site buzzed with activity as the crane lifted steel beams into place for the new skyscraper. 
capacity
capacity
[Podstatné jméno]

the quantity that is possible by a machine, etc. to produce

kapacita, výkon

kapacita, výkon

Ex: The capacity of the factory increased with the installation of new machinery. 
to service
to service
[sloveso]

to maintain, repair, or prepare something so that it is fit for use

servisovat, udržovat

servisovat, udržovat

Ex: Regularly servicing equipment extends its lifespan. 
prototype
prototype
[Podstatné jméno]

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

prototyp, předběžný model

prototyp, předběžný model

Ex: The engineers created a prototype of the new electric car to test its performance and safety features. 
current
current
[Podstatné jméno]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

proud, elektrický proud

proud, elektrický proud

Ex: An alternating current is commonly used to power household appliances. 
adapter
adapter
[Podstatné jméno]

a device used for connecting two pieces of equipment that are not compatible with each other

adaptér, převodník

adaptér, převodník

to model
to model
[sloveso]

to make a representation of something, especially one based on mathematics

modelovat, reprezentovat

modelovat, reprezentovat

Ex: Economists model supply and demand to understand market trends and make forecasts. 
laboratory
laboratory
[Podstatné jméno]

a place where people do scientific experiments, manufacture drugs, etc.

laboratoř, lab

laboratoř, lab

Ex: The chemistry students conducted experiments in the laboratory to study chemical reactions. 
sample
sample
[Podstatné jméno]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

vzorek, příklad

vzorek, příklad

Ex: The lab technician collected a blood sample for analysis. 
method
method
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific way or process of doing something, particularly an established or systematic one

metoda, postup

metoda, postup

Ex: The scientific method involves systematic observation, measurement, and experimentation. 
to conduct
to conduct
[sloveso]

to direct or participate in the management, organization, or execution of something

vést, provádět

vést, provádět

Ex: The experienced project manager will conduct the team in implementing the new software. 
evaluation
evaluation
[Podstatné jméno]

a judgment on the quantity and quality of something after careful consideration

hodnocení

hodnocení

Ex: The evaluation of the project's success will be based on the achievement of key performance indicators. 
experimental
experimental
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to or involving scientific experiments, especially those designed to test hypotheses or explore new ideas

experimentální

experimentální

Ex: The experimental study investigated the effects of meditation on stress levels. 
finding
finding
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

nález, objev

nález, objev

Ex: The scientist's finding revealed a new way to treat the disease. 
hypothesis
hypothesis
[Podstatné jméno]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

hypotéza, předpoklad

hypotéza, předpoklad

Ex: The scientist developed a hypothesis to explain the observed phenomena. 
guinea pig
guinea pig
[Podstatné jméno]

someone on whom scientific experiments are tested

pokusný králík, pokusná osoba

pokusný králík, pokusná osoba

Ex: The patients felt like guinea pigs in an unfinished drug trial. 
to detect
to detect
[sloveso]

to notice or discover something that is difficult to find

detekovat, objevit

detekovat, objevit

Ex: The security system is designed to detect unauthorized access to the building. 
to classify
to classify
[sloveso]

to put people or things in different categories or groups

klasifikovat, kategorizovat

klasifikovat, kategorizovat

Ex: The scientist classified the organisms into different species based on their genetic traits and physical features. 
discovery
discovery
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of finding something for the first time and before others

objev, nález

objev, nález

Ex: The discovery of penicillin revolutionized medicine by introducing the first antibiotic. 
archeologist
archeologist
[Podstatné jméno]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

archeolog

archeolog

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