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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Inženýrství a výzkum

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slovíčka o strojírenství a výzkumu, jako je „wire“, „switch“, „crane“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
apparatus
[Podstatné jméno]

tools or machines that are designed for a specific purpose

aparát, zařízení

aparát, zařízení

Ex: The gymnastics competition required athletes to perform routines on apparatus such as the balance beam and parallel bars .
instrument
[Podstatné jméno]

a device or tool that requires specific knowledge on how to be used

nástroj, přístroj

nástroj, přístroj

Ex: The laboratory technician handled the instrument with care to avoid any errors .
microchip
[Podstatné jméno]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

mikročip, mikroobvod

mikročip, mikroobvod

Ex: The microchip design promises faster processing speeds .
telescope
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

dalekohled, teleskop

dalekohled, teleskop

Ex: They purchased telescope to enhance their night sky observations .
wire
[Podstatné jméno]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

dráty, kovový vodič

dráty, kovový vodič

Ex: The electrician carefully stripped the insulation from wire to connect it to the light fixture .
switch
[Podstatné jméno]

something such as a button or key that turns a machine, lamp, etc. on or off

přepínač, spínač

přepínač, spínač

Ex: switch on the blender had multiple settings for different blending speeds .
sensor
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detektor

senzor, detektor

Ex: The smart home system sensors to control the lights and heating .
circuit
[Podstatné jméno]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

obvod, circuit

obvod, circuit

Ex: The current in circuit can be measured using an ammeter .
screw
[Podstatné jméno]

a small pointy piece of metal that can be fasten into wooden or metal objects using a screwdriver to hold things together

šroub, sroubovací matice

šroub, sroubovací matice

Ex: He replaced the screws with longer ones to better secure the shelf to the wall .
machinery
[Podstatné jméno]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

strojní zařízení, strojovnictvo

strojní zařízení, strojovnictvo

Ex: The workers received training on how to safely operate the machinery introduced to the workshop .
mechanical
[Přídavné jméno]

(of an object) powered by machinery or an engine

mechanický, strojní

mechanický, strojní

Ex: mechanical lawnmower relies on a gasoline engine to power its blades and propel itself across the lawn .
cable
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of wires bundled together for transmitting electricity that is protected within a rubber case

kabel, dráty

kabel, dráty

Ex: The technician checked cable connections to troubleshoot the electrical issue .
crane
[Podstatné jméno]

a very large tall machine used for lifting heavy objects

jeřáb, zvedací stroj

jeřáb, zvedací stroj

Ex: The film crew set up crane to capture sweeping aerial shots of the city skyline for the movie .
capacity
[Podstatné jméno]

the quantity that is possible by a machine, etc. to produce

kapacita, výkon

kapacita, výkon

Ex: capacity of the team to innovate led to breakthroughs in technology .
to service
[sloveso]

to check and fix something so it is becomes ready to be used

servisovat, prohlédnout

servisovat, prohlédnout

prototype
[Podstatné jméno]

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

prototyp, model

prototyp, model

Ex: prototype of the wearable device helped identify potential improvements before the product went to market .
current
[Podstatné jméno]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

proud, elektrický proud

proud, elektrický proud

Ex: The alternator produces current by moving charged particles within its magnetic field .
adapter
[Podstatné jméno]

a device used for connecting two pieces of equipment that are not compatible with each other

adaptér, převodník

adaptér, převodník

to model
[sloveso]

to make a representation of something, especially one based on mathematics

modelovat, změnit

modelovat, změnit

Ex: modeling the financial system , they were able to predict the economic impact of the policy changes .
laboratory
[Podstatné jméno]

a place where people do scientific experiments, manufacture drugs, etc.

laboratoř, výzkumná laboratoř

laboratoř, výzkumná laboratoř

Ex: Food scientists work laboratories to develop new food products and improve food safety standards .
sample
[Podstatné jméno]

a small amount of a substance taken from a larger amount used for scientific analysis or therapeutic experiment

vzorek, úkázka

vzorek, úkázka

Ex: The sample was examined to diagnose the disease .
method
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific way or process of doing something, particularly an established or systematic one

metoda, způsob

metoda, způsob

Ex: The method emphasizes hands-on learning and self-directed exploration for young children .
to conduct
[sloveso]

to direct or participate in the management, organization, or execution of something

řídit, vést

řídit, vést

Ex: The CEO will conduct negotiations with potential business partners .
evaluation
[Podstatné jméno]

a judgment on the quantity and quality of something after careful consideration

hodnocení, evaluace

hodnocení, evaluace

Ex: The annual evaluation provides valuable feedback to employees on their strengths and areas for improvement .
experimental
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to or involving scientific experiments, especially those designed to test hypotheses or explore new ideas

experimentální, zkouškový

experimentální, zkouškový

Ex: experimental aircraft is equipped with advanced technology for testing aerodynamic principles .
finding
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

nález, objevení

nález, objevení

Ex: finding suggested that diet plays a major role in health outcomes .
hypothesis
[Podstatné jméno]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

hypotéza, předpoklad

hypotéza, předpoklad

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their hypothesis.
guinea pig
[Podstatné jméno]

someone on whom scientific experiments are tested

pokusný králík, experimentální subjekt

pokusný králík, experimentální subjekt

Ex: The restaurant decided to make its guinea pigs by offering a new experimental menu item .
to detect
[sloveso]

to notice or discover something that is difficult to find

detekovat, odhalit

detekovat, odhalit

Ex: The detected signs of distress in the swimmer and acted promptly .
to classify
[sloveso]

to put people or things in different categories or groups

klasifikovat, zařazovat

klasifikovat, zařazovat

Ex: The botanist classified plants into different species based on their characteristics .
discovery
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of finding something for the first time and before others

objev, nalezení

objev, nalezení

Ex: discovery of a hidden chamber in the pyramid opened up new avenues of exploration for archaeologists .
archeologist
[Podstatné jméno]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

archeolog, archeoložka

archeolog, archeoložka

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