Spel - Villkor för trick-taking-spel

the first card played by a player at the beginning of a trick, which sets the suit for that trick and determines the order in which other players must play their cards

ledarkort, första kortet

(bridge) the process by which players bid on the right to name the trump suit and the number of tricks they expect to take in a particular hand

auktion, budgivning

(bridge) the process by which players communicate information about their hand to their partner and determine the contract for the hand

budgivning, anbud

(contract bridge) an agreement that determines the trump suit and the number of tricks a team must win to score points

kontrakt, bridgekontrakt

the player who has won the auction and has the right to play the contract

deklarant, sökande

the partner of the declarer who places their hand face-up on the table following the opening lead. The dummy's cards are then played by the declarer along with their own cards

dummy, partner

a technique of attempting to win a trick with a lower card than an opponent's higher card in a particular suit

finesse

any of the top four cards (ace, king, queen, and jack) in a particular suit that are considered to be the strongest cards in that suit

heder, hederkort

a bidding convention used by the responder to show a five-card or longer major suit and to transfer the bid to the next higher ranking suit, usually at the 2-level, forcing the opener to bid the suit

Jacoby-transfer, Jacoby-konvention

(bridge) either the hearts or spades suits, which are considered stronger than the minor suits (diamonds and clubs) because they have more high-ranking cards

majorsuit, huvudfärg

(bridge) either the diamonds or clubs suits, which are considered weaker than the major suits (hearts and spades) because they have fewer high-ranking cards

mindre färg, svag färg

a bid made by the declarer that specifies no trump suit and indicates that the declarer intends to win tricks using only the strength and distribution of the cards, without relying on any particular suit

utan trumf, bud utan trumf

a person we do a particular activity with, such as playing a game

partner, spelpartner

the points or score awarded to the defending side when they successfully prevent the declarer from making their bid

straff, påföljd

the partner of the opening bidder who makes the first bid after the opening bid and provides additional information about their hand to the opening bidder

respondent, partner

a series of games in which one partnership must win two games, with the total score determining the winner

rubber, avgörande spel

a bidding system used by the responder to ask the opener if they have a four-card major suit, typically either hearts or spades, after an opening bid of 1NT

Stayman-konvention, Stayman-system

a situation where a player has no cards in a particular suit, which means they cannot follow suit in that suit and must play a card from another suit instead

tomhet, brist

a suit in which a player holds a large number of cards, typically at least five or more, which can be an advantage in playing and winning tricks in that suit

lång kostym, lång dräkt

a suit in which a player holds a small number of cards, typically fewer than three, which can be a disadvantage in playing and winning tricks in that suit

kort kostym, kort hand

a contract bid in which the declarer aims to win all thirteen tricks, that is, to take all the remaining tricks after the opening lead

grand slam, slam kontrakt

a contract bid in which the declarer aims to win all thirteen tricks, that is, to take all the remaining tricks after the opening lead, using the trump suit as the primary weapon

grand slam, storslam

a unit of value, especially monetary value

valör, valutaenhet

the situation where the declarer has failed to make their contract, either by losing tricks or by failing to take the required number of tricks

misslyckande, underklassning

(in bridge, whist, or other similar card games) to successfully fulfill their contract by taking the required number of tricks

fullfölja, göra

the number of tricks won by the declarer that are over and above the number of tricks required to fulfill their contract

udda trick, extra trick

a trick won by the declarer in excess of the number of tricks required to fulfill their contract

övertrick, extra trick

the number of tricks that the declarer fails to take in attempting to fulfill their contract, and they can result in penalties for the declarer's side

miss, underskott

a penalty or negative score incurred when a player exceeds a certain number of tricks or points that they initially bid or predicted to win during the game

straff, väska

a series of cards with decreasing numbers, all of the same suit, that comes after the main set of cards

bakåtdragning, nedåtgående serie

the act of declaring or revealing specific information about a player's hand or intentions, such as bidding a certain number of tricks to be won or declaring a specific card combination

tillkännagivande, declaration

a scoring system used in duplicate bridge tournaments that assigns points based on the margin of victory for each deal, with one IMP typically awarded for every 20 points scored above the opponents' result

Internationell Matchpoäng, System för International Match Poäng

to fail to follow suit when a player should have, violating the rules of the card game being played

inte följa, inte spela

in card games, particularly in games like Spades, refers to the act of bidding zero tricks and attempting to win no tricks during a round

nil, noll

to play a trump card in a trick-taking game when unable to follow suit, usually with the intention of winning the trick or avoiding losing a higher-value card

spela en trumf, använda en trumf

to play a card of a suit that outranks the current suit, usually used in trick-taking card games to win a trick and gain an advantage over other players

överträffa, besegra