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the first card played by a player at the beginning of a trick, which sets the suit for that trick and determines the order in which other players must play their cards
主导牌, 第一张牌
(bridge) the process by which players bid on the right to name the trump suit and the number of tricks they expect to take in a particular hand
拍卖, 竞标
(bridge) the process by which players communicate information about their hand to their partner and determine the contract for the hand
竞标, 出价
(contract bridge) an agreement that determines the trump suit and the number of tricks a team must win to score points
合同, 桥牌合同
the partner of the declarer who places their hand face-up on the table following the opening lead. The dummy's cards are then played by the declarer along with their own cards
虚代理, 出牌方的搭档
a technique of attempting to win a trick with a lower card than an opponent's higher card in a particular suit
精妙
any of the top four cards (ace, king, queen, and jack) in a particular suit that are considered to be the strongest cards in that suit
荣誉, 荣誉牌
a bidding convention used by the responder to show a five-card or longer major suit and to transfer the bid to the next higher ranking suit, usually at the 2-level, forcing the opener to bid the suit
雅可比转移, 雅可比约定
(bridge) either the hearts or spades suits, which are considered stronger than the minor suits (diamonds and clubs) because they have more high-ranking cards
主牌, 大牌
(bridge) either the diamonds or clubs suits, which are considered weaker than the major suits (hearts and spades) because they have fewer high-ranking cards
小花色, 弱花色
a bid made by the declarer that specifies no trump suit and indicates that the declarer intends to win tricks using only the strength and distribution of the cards, without relying on any particular suit
无将牌, 不带将牌的出价
the points or score awarded to the defending side when they successfully prevent the declarer from making their bid
惩罚, 罚分
the partner of the opening bidder who makes the first bid after the opening bid and provides additional information about their hand to the opening bidder
应答者, 合作伙伴
a series of games in which one partnership must win two games, with the total score determining the winner
拉巴游戏, 决胜局
a bidding system used by the responder to ask the opener if they have a four-card major suit, typically either hearts or spades, after an opening bid of 1NT
斯特曼约定, 斯特曼系统
a situation where a player has no cards in a particular suit, which means they cannot follow suit in that suit and must play a card from another suit instead
空缺, 缺失
a suit in which a player holds a large number of cards, typically at least five or more, which can be an advantage in playing and winning tricks in that suit
长牌, 长套装
a suit in which a player holds a small number of cards, typically fewer than three, which can be a disadvantage in playing and winning tricks in that suit
短花色, 少量牌
a contract bid in which the declarer aims to win all thirteen tricks, that is, to take all the remaining tricks after the opening lead
大满贯, slam合同
a contract bid in which the declarer aims to win all thirteen tricks, that is, to take all the remaining tricks after the opening lead, using the trump suit as the primary weapon
大满贯, 满贯
the situation where the declarer has failed to make their contract, either by losing tricks or by failing to take the required number of tricks
失败, 未完成
(in bridge, whist, or other similar card games) to successfully fulfill their contract by taking the required number of tricks
完成, 达到
the number of tricks won by the declarer that are over and above the number of tricks required to fulfill their contract
奇数技巧, 额外技巧
a trick won by the declarer in excess of the number of tricks required to fulfill their contract
超额招数, 额外技巧
the number of tricks that the declarer fails to take in attempting to fulfill their contract, and they can result in penalties for the declarer's side
失误, 不足
a penalty or negative score incurred when a player exceeds a certain number of tricks or points that they initially bid or predicted to win during the game
罚分, 包
a series of cards with decreasing numbers, all of the same suit, that comes after the main set of cards
反跑, 递减系列
the act of declaring or revealing specific information about a player's hand or intentions, such as bidding a certain number of tricks to be won or declaring a specific card combination
宣布, 声明
a scoring system used in duplicate bridge tournaments that assigns points based on the margin of victory for each deal, with one IMP typically awarded for every 20 points scored above the opponents' result
国际比赛点, 国际比赛积分系统
to fail to follow suit when a player should have, violating the rules of the card game being played
不跟随, 不参与
in card games, particularly in games like Spades, refers to the act of bidding zero tricks and attempting to win no tricks during a round
尼尔, 零
to play a trump card in a trick-taking game when unable to follow suit, usually with the intention of winning the trick or avoiding losing a higher-value card
打王牌, 用王牌
to play a card of a suit that outranks the current suit, usually used in trick-taking card games to win a trick and gain an advantage over other players
压过, 胜过
