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建筑和施工 - 教堂

在这里,你将学习一些与教堂相关的英语单词,如“过道”、“小教堂”和“石像鬼”。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
ambulatory
ambulatory
[名词]

a roofed passageway designed for continuous movement around a central area, commonly found in religious architecture or formal gardens

回廊, 绕道

回廊, 绕道

Ex: The architect designed an elegant ambulatory to frame the central fountain. 

建筑师设计了一个优雅的回廊来框住中央喷泉。

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apse
apse
[名词]

a small curved area in a church, particularly at the east end of it

半圆形后殿, 教堂东端的小弧形区域

半圆形后殿, 教堂东端的小弧形区域

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aisle
aisle
[名词]

the passageway between rows of seats in a church, often leading from the entrance to the altar

过道, 走廊

过道, 走廊

Ex: The bride walked gracefully down the aisle, her dress trailing behind her. 

新娘优雅地走在过道上,她的裙子拖在身后。

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choir
choir
[名词]

the part of a large church or cathedral where the singers and clergy sit

唱诗班,  圣咏团

唱诗班, 圣咏团

Ex: Visitors admired the carved wooden seats in the choir. 
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choir loft
choir loft
[名词]

an elevated area in a church or cathedral where the choir or singers perform during religious services

唱诗班楼座, 合唱团阁楼

唱诗班楼座, 合唱团阁楼

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concha
concha
[名词]

a semicircular or dome-shaped recess or niche, often found in the apse of a church, used for decorative or architectural purposes

贝壳, 贝壳形壁龛

贝壳, 贝壳形壁龛

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crossing
crossing
[名词]

the central area of a cross-shaped church where the nave and transepts intersect

交叉部,  十字交叉

交叉部, 十字交叉

Ex: Pilgrims paused at the crossing of the church. 
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rood screen
rood screen
[名词]

a decorative partition or gallery separating the choir and sanctuary from the nave in a church

圣坛屏, 唱诗班屏风

圣坛屏, 唱诗班屏风

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narthex
narthex
[名词]

an enclosed area consisting of pillars located at the western entrance of an old church

前廊, 教堂西入口的柱廊区

前廊, 教堂西入口的柱廊区

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poppyhead
poppyhead
[名词]

an ornamental carving or finial found at the top of a seat or a choir stall, typically depicting a decorative or symbolic design such as a flower, foliage, or a human or animal figure

罂粟头饰, 座位装饰

罂粟头饰, 座位装饰

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steeple
steeple
[名词]

a tall and pointed tower on a church, often topped by a spire

尖塔, 塔尖

尖塔, 塔尖

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transept
transept
[名词]

either of the two hands at the sides of a cross-shaped church, which sticks out of the long central part of the church at a 90-degree angle

耳堂, 耳堂的翼部

耳堂, 耳堂的翼部

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tribune
tribune
[名词]

the apse or a semicircular or polygonal space at the east end of a church, often containing the altar and serving as a focal point of worship

讲坛, 半圆形后殿

讲坛, 半圆形后殿

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triforium
triforium
[名词]

a narrow, arcaded gallery or passageway found above the arches of the nave in Gothic cathedrals, typically below the clerestory windows

三拱廊, 三拱廊通道

三拱廊, 三拱廊通道

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nave
nave
[名词]

the long and central part of a church where people sit to worship God

教堂中殿, 中央部分

教堂中殿, 中央部分

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pulpit
pulpit
[名词]

a small enclosed platform with stairs in a church, on which a priest stands to preach to people

讲坛, 布道台

讲坛, 布道台

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chancel
chancel
[名词]

the area of a church or cathedral that surrounds the altar and is typically reserved for the clergy and choir during religious services

圣坛, 唱诗班席

圣坛, 唱诗班席

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transept chapel

a small chapel located within the transept of a church or cathedral, often dedicated to a specific saint or serving as a place of private prayer or devotion

耳堂小教堂, 侧堂小教堂

耳堂小教堂, 侧堂小教堂

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nave arcade
nave arcade
[名词]

a series of arches or arcades that separate the central aisle of a church from the side aisles

中殿拱廊, 分隔教堂中殿与侧廊的一系列拱门

中殿拱廊, 分隔教堂中殿与侧廊的一系列拱门

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chapel
chapel
[名词]

a small place of Christian worship, especially one smaller than or subordinate to a church

小教堂,  礼拜堂

小教堂, 礼拜堂

Ex: Emma stopped at a small chapel beside the road to pray. 
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crypt
crypt
[名词]

an underground room or vault beneath a church, often used for burials or storing sacred items

地下墓穴, 教堂地下用于埋葬的密室

地下墓穴, 教堂地下用于埋葬的密室

Ex: The cathedral's crypt is open to tourists. 

大教堂的地下室对游客开放。

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chantry chapel

a small chapel where priests say prayers for the souls of specific people, often the dead

祈祷小教堂, 纪念堂小教堂

祈祷小教堂, 纪念堂小教堂

Ex: They visited the chantry chapel to light a candle for their ancestors. 

他们参观了小教堂,为祖先点燃蜡烛。

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fleche
fleche
[名词]

a slender, spire-like structure typically found atop the roof of a church or cathedral, serving as a decorative or functional element

箭

箭

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piscina
piscina
[名词]

a shallow basin or stone niche with a drain, usually found in the sacristy or near the altar in a church, used for the ritual washing of sacred vessels and purifying water used in religious ceremonies

圣水池, 神圣洗涤盆

圣水池, 神圣洗涤盆

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stave church
stave church
[名词]

a medieval wooden church found in Norway, constructed using post-and-beam techniques and featuring intricate woodcarvings

木板教堂, 柱式教堂

木板教堂, 柱式教堂

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cloister
cloister
[名词]

a covered walkway with arches around a square garden in a church or monastery

回廊, 拱廊

回廊, 拱廊

Ex: The students studied quietly in the cloister. 

学生们在回廊里安静地学习。

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spire
spire
[名词]

a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, often a church

尖顶, 钟楼

尖顶, 钟楼

Ex: Birds perched on the spire of the cathedral. 

鸟儿栖息在大教堂的尖顶上。

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flying buttress

an arched structure made of stone used for supporting the outer wall of a building, especially a church

飞扶壁, 飞拱

飞扶壁, 飞拱

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gargoyle
gargoyle
[名词]

stone figures that resemble a hideous creature and that are attached to the top of some old buildings, particularly old churches, for carrying rain water off the roof

滴水嘴兽,  grotesque雕像

滴水嘴兽, grotesque雕像

Ex: The Gothic castle's ramparts were lined with menacing gargoyles, their twisted forms striking fear into the hearts of attackers. 

哥特式城堡的城墙上排列着狰狞的石像鬼,它们扭曲的形态让攻击者心生恐惧。

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cloister garth

the central courtyard or garden enclosed by the surrounding covered walkways of a cloister, providing a peaceful and communal space for prayer and contemplation

修道院回廊中庭, 回廊花园

修道院回廊中庭, 回廊花园

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belfry
belfry
[名词]

a bell tower or structure that houses bells, often found in churches or other religious buildings

钟楼, 钟塔

钟楼, 钟塔

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screen
screen
[名词]

an ornate partition, often of wood or stone, separating parts of a church such as the nave, choir, or altar

装饰性隔断, 教堂内的木制屏风

装饰性隔断, 教堂内的木制屏风

Ex: The screen marked the boundary between the nave and chancel. 
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stained glass

colorful pieces of glass put together in decorative patterns to form pictorial designs, typically found in the windows of churches

彩色玻璃, 花窗玻璃

彩色玻璃, 花窗玻璃

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broach spire
broach spire
[名词]

a roof structure on a tower or steeple that has four sloping sides and a pyramid-like shape

尖顶塔, 金字塔形尖顶

尖顶塔, 金字塔形尖顶

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broach
broach
[名词]

a pointed architectural ornament, often conical or pyramidal, placed at the apex of a gable, spire, or tower, especially in church architecture

一个尖顶饰, 一个小尖塔

一个尖顶饰, 一个小尖塔

Ex: Gothic churches often feature broaches atop their gables. 

哥特式教堂的三角墙顶部通常装饰有尖顶饰。

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