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Architecture et Construction - Églises

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés aux églises tels que "allée", "chapelle" et "gargouille".

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ambulatory

a roofed passageway designed for continuous movement around a central area, commonly found in religious architecture or formal gardens

déambulatoire, ambulatoire

déambulatoire, ambulatoire

Ex: Visitors admired the stained glass windows lining the cathedral's ambulatory. 

Les visiteurs admiraient les vitraux bordant l'ambulatoire de la cathédrale.

apse
apse
[nom]

a small curved area in a church, particularly at the east end of it

abside

abside

aisle
aisle
[nom]

the passageway between rows of seats in a church, often leading from the entrance to the altar

allée centrale

allée centrale

Ex: The flower girl scattered petals along the aisle before the wedding ceremony began. 

La demoiselle d'honneur a dispersé des pétales le long de l'allée avant que la cérémonie de mariage ne commence.

choir
choir
[nom]

an area in a church that is occasionally occupied by a group of singers performing together while religious ceremonies are held

chœur

chœur

choir loft

an elevated area in a church or cathedral where the choir or singers perform during religious services

tribune du chœur, jubé

tribune du chœur, jubé

concha
concha
[nom]

a semicircular or dome-shaped recess or niche, often found in the apse of a church, used for decorative or architectural purposes

conque, niche en forme de coquille

conque, niche en forme de coquille

crossing

the area where the nave, transepts, and choir of a church intersect, often marked by a dome or tower

croisée, croisillon

croisée, croisillon

Ex: Stained glass windows surround the crossing. 

Les vitraux entourent le croisement.

rood screen

a decorative partition or gallery separating the choir and sanctuary from the nave in a church

jubé, clôture de chœur

jubé, clôture de chœur

narthex
narthex
[nom]

an enclosed area consisting of pillars located at the western entrance of an old church

narthex

narthex

poppyhead

an ornamental carving or finial found at the top of a seat or a choir stall, typically depicting a decorative or symbolic design such as a flower, foliage, or a human or animal figure

tête de pavot, ornement de siège

tête de pavot, ornement de siège

steeple
steeple
[nom]

a tall and pointed tower on a church, often topped by a spire

clocher (d'une église)

clocher (d'une église)

transept

either of the two hands at the sides of a cross-shaped church, which sticks out of the long central part of the church at a 90-degree angle

transept

transept

tribune
tribune
[nom]

the apse or a semicircular or polygonal space at the east end of a church, often containing the altar and serving as a focal point of worship

tribune, abside

tribune, abside

triforium

a narrow, arcaded gallery or passageway found above the arches of the nave in Gothic cathedrals, typically below the clerestory windows

triforium, galerie triforium

triforium, galerie triforium

nave
nave
[nom]

the long and central part of a church where people sit to worship God

nef

nef

pulpit
pulpit
[nom]

a small enclosed platform with stairs in a church, on which a priest stands to preach to people

chaire

chaire

chancel
chancel
[nom]

the area of a church or cathedral that surrounds the altar and is typically reserved for the clergy and choir during religious services

chœur, sanctuaire

chœur, sanctuaire

transept chapel

a small chapel located within the transept of a church or cathedral, often dedicated to a specific saint or serving as a place of private prayer or devotion

chapelle du transept, chapelle latérale

chapelle du transept, chapelle latérale

nave arcade

a series of arches or arcades that separate the central aisle of a church from the side aisles

arcade de la nef, série d'arcades de la nef

arcade de la nef, série d'arcades de la nef

chapel
chapel
[nom]

a small place for prayer or religious services that is separate from a main church or cathedral

chapelle, oratoire

chapelle, oratoire

Ex: Visitors admired the stained glass in the chapel. 

Les visiteurs ont admiré les vitraux de la chapelle.

crypt
crypt
[nom]

an underground room or vault beneath a church, often used for burials or storing sacred items

crypte

crypte

Ex: The cathedral's crypt is open to tourists. 

La crypte de la cathédrale est ouverte aux touristes.

chantry chapel

a small chapel where priests say prayers for the souls of specific people, often the dead

chapelle de fondation, chapelle de chantrerie

chapelle de fondation, chapelle de chantrerie

Ex: They visited the chantry chapel to light a candle for their ancestors. 

Ils ont visité la chapelle de chantry pour allumer une bougie pour leurs ancêtres.

fleche
fleche
[nom]

a slender, spire-like structure typically found atop the roof of a church or cathedral, serving as a decorative or functional element

flèche

flèche

piscina
piscina
[nom]

a shallow basin or stone niche with a drain, usually found in the sacristy or near the altar in a church, used for the ritual washing of sacred vessels and purifying water used in religious ceremonies

piscine, bénitier

piscine, bénitier

stave church

a medieval wooden church found in Norway, constructed using post-and-beam techniques and featuring intricate woodcarvings

église en bois debout, église à poteaux

église en bois debout, église à poteaux

cloister

a covered walkway with arches around a square garden in a church or monastery

cloître

cloître

Ex: The students studied quietly in the cloister. 

Les étudiants étudiaient tranquillement dans le cloître.

spire
spire
[nom]

a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, often a church

flèche

flèche

Ex: Birds perched on the spire of the cathedral. 

Les oiseaux se sont perchés sur la flèche de la cathédrale.

flying buttress

an arched structure made of stone used for supporting the outer wall of a building, especially a church

arc-boutant

arc-boutant

gargoyle

stone figures that resemble a hideous creature and that are attached to the top of some old buildings, particularly old churches, for carrying rain water off the roof

gargouille

gargouille

Ex: The Gothic castle's ramparts were lined with menacing gargoyles, their twisted forms striking fear into the hearts of attackers. 

Les remparts du château gothique étaient bordés de gargouilles menaçantes, leurs formes tordues semant la peur dans le cœur des assaillants.

cloister garth

the central courtyard or garden enclosed by the surrounding covered walkways of a cloister, providing a peaceful and communal space for prayer and contemplation

préau du cloître, jardin du cloître

préau du cloître, jardin du cloître

belfry
belfry
[nom]

a bell tower or structure that houses bells, often found in churches or other religious buildings

beffroi, clocher

beffroi, clocher

screen
screen
[nom]

an ornate partition, often of wood or stone, separating parts of a church such as the nave, choir, or altar

jubé

jubé

Ex: The stone screen dated back to the 14th century. 

L'écran de pierre remonte au XIVe siècle.

stained glass

colorful pieces of glass put together in decorative patterns to form pictorial designs, typically found in the windows of churches

vitrail

vitrail

broach spire

a roof structure on a tower or steeple that has four sloping sides and a pyramid-like shape

flèche à crochets, flèche pyramidale

flèche à crochets, flèche pyramidale

broach
broach
[nom]

a pointed architectural ornament, often conical or pyramidal, placed at the apex of a gable, spire, or tower, especially in church architecture

un épi de faîtage, un fleuron

un épi de faîtage, un fleuron

Ex: Gothic churches often feature broaches atop their gables. 

Les églises gothiques présentent souvent des épis au sommet de leurs pignons.

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