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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - 天文学

在这里,你将学习一些与天文学相关的英语单词,这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
orbiter
orbiter
[名词]

a spacecraft with the purpose of cricling around a celectial obejct without landing on it

轨道器, 轨道飞行器

轨道器, 轨道飞行器

Ex: Scientists used the lunar orbiter to map the Moon's gravitational field. 

科学家们使用月球轨道器来绘制月球的引力场。

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astrology
astrology
[名词]

the study of the movements of stars and planets that are thought to affect people and the world

占星学

占星学

Ex: Astrology has ancient roots and is practiced in various cultures worldwide, each with its own traditions and interpretations. 

占星术有着古老的根源,在世界各地的各种文化中都有实践,每种文化都有其自己的传统和解释。

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satellite
satellite
[名词]

an artificial object sent into space to orbit Earth or another celestial body, usually to collect or transmit information

Ex: A new communications satellite was launched yesterday. 
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universe
universe
[名词]

all existing matter, energy, space, stars, planets, galaxies, and everything else that physically exists

宇宙,  天地

宇宙, 天地

Ex: The universe contains billions of galaxies. 
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galaxy
galaxy
[名词]

a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

星系

星系

Ex: The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system, and it is a spiral galaxy with a central bulge and rotating arms. 

银河系是包含我们太阳系的星系,它是一个带有中央凸起和旋转臂的螺旋星系。

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star
star
[名词]

(astronomy) a shining point found in large numbers in the night sky

星星, 天体

星星, 天体

Ex: We used a telescope to observe distant stars and galaxies. 
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planet
planet
[名词]

a large, nearly round object in space that moves in an orbit around a star

行星,  星球

行星, 星球

Ex: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. 
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sun
sun
[名词]

the large, bright star in the sky that shines during the day and gives us light and heat

太阳, 白昼之星

太阳, 白昼之星

Ex: The sunflower turned its face towards the sun. 
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solar system
solar system
[名词]

the sun and the group of planets orbiting around it, including the earth

太阳系, 太阳系

太阳系, 太阳系

Ex: Scientists study the solar system to understand planetary formation. 

科学家研究太阳系以了解行星的形成。

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orbit
orbit
[名词]

the path an object in the space follows to move around a planet, star, etc.

轨道, 运行轨道

轨道, 运行轨道

Ex: The satellite was placed into a stable orbit to continuously monitor weather patterns from space. 

卫星被放置在一个稳定的轨道上,以从太空持续监测天气模式。

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spacecraft
spacecraft
[名词]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

航天器, 宇宙飞船

航天器, 宇宙飞船

Ex: Engineers tested the spacecraft's systems thoroughly before sending it on its mission to the outer planets. 

工程师们在将航天器送往外部行星执行任务之前,彻底测试了其系统。

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spacesuit
spacesuit
[名词]

clothing used by astronauts while traveling in space

宇航服, 太空服

宇航服, 太空服

Ex: The spacesuit included a helmet with a visor to protect the astronaut's eyes from the bright sunlight in space. 

宇航服包括一个带有面罩的头盔,以保护宇航员的眼睛免受太空中强烈阳光的伤害。

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shuttle
shuttle
[名词]

A spacecraft designed to transport people or equipment between Earth and a space station or other celestial destination, typically capable of multiple trips

航天飞机, 太空船

航天飞机, 太空船

Ex: NASA's space shuttle program revolutionized reusable spacecraft. 

NASA的太空航天飞机计划彻底改变了可重复使用的航天器。

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rocket
rocket
[名词]

a spacecraft that moves up by the force of the gases produced when the fuel burns

火箭

火箭

Ex: The rocket lifted off from the launch pad, carrying a satellite into orbit around Earth. 

火箭从发射台升空,将一颗卫星送入地球轨道。

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cosmos
cosmos
[名词]

the universe regarded as an ordered and unified whole

宇宙,  寰宇

宇宙, 寰宇

Ex: Ancient philosophers developed different ideas about the origin of the cosmos. 
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NASA
NASA
[名词]

a US government agency responsible for space travel and the study of space

美国国家航空航天局(NASA)负责美国的民用太空计划。

美国国家航空航天局(NASA)负责美国的民用太空计划。

Ex: NASA's Mars rover successfully landed on the Martian surface, marking a significant achievement in planetary exploration. 

NASA的火星车成功登陆火星表面,标志着行星探索的重大成就。

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moon
moon
[名词]

the circular object going around the earth, visible mostly at night

月亮, 地球的天然卫星

月亮, 地球的天然卫星

Ex: The moon looked so close, as if we could reach out and touch it. 
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telescope
telescope
[名词]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

望远镜, 天文望远镜

望远镜, 天文望远镜

Ex: The telescope provided a clear view of the moon's surface. 

望远镜提供了月球表面的清晰视图。

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astronaut
astronaut
[名词]

someone who is trained to travel and work in space

宇航员, 航天员

宇航员, 航天员

Ex: The astronaut conducted experiments on microgravity effects during the space mission. 

宇航员在太空任务期间进行了关于微重力效应的实验。

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black hole
black hole
[名词]

a place in the space with such high gravity that pulls in everything, even light

黑洞, 黑孔

黑洞, 黑孔

Ex: The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy influences the motion of nearby stars and gas clouds. 

银河系中心的超大质量黑洞影响着附近恒星和气体云的运动。

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light-year
light-year
[名词]

(astronomy) the distance light travels in one year, equal to about 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46 trillion kilometers

光年

光年

Ex: One light-year is a vast distance used to measure space between stars and galaxies. 
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the Milky Way

a pale band of light seen in the sky at night that contains the solar system and billions of other stars

银河, 银河系

银河, 银河系

Ex: On a clear night, you can see the Milky Way stretching across the sky. 

在晴朗的夜晚,你可以看到银河横跨天空。

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atmosphere
atmosphere
[名词]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

大气, 气体层

大气, 气体层

Ex: Without an atmosphere, the Moon has no weather or air. 
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big bang
big bang
[名词]

the explosion that, according to most scientists, caused the existence of the universe

大爆炸, 大爆炸理论

大爆炸, 大爆炸理论

Ex: Astronomers study cosmic microwave background radiation to gather evidence supporting the Big Bang theory. 

天文学家研究宇宙微波背景辐射以收集支持大爆炸理论的证据。

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