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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - 天文学

在这里,你将学习一些与天文学相关的英语单词,这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
orbiter
[名词]

a spacecraft with the purpose of cricling around a celectial obejct without landing on it

轨道器, 轨道飞行器

轨道器, 轨道飞行器

Ex: Data from the Venus orbiter revealed new details about its toxic clouds .来自金星**轨道飞行器**的数据揭示了有关其有毒云层的新细节。
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astrology
[名词]

the study of the movements of stars and planets that are thought to affect people and the world

占星学

占星学

Ex: Some people use astrology to guide decisions in areas such as relationships , career choices , and personal development .有些人使用**占星术**来指导在关系、职业选择和个人发展等领域的决策。
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satellite
[名词]

an object sent into space to travel around the earth and send or receive information

卫星, 航天器

卫星, 航天器

Ex: He studied images sent by a satellite in space .他研究了由太空中的**卫星**发送的图像。
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universe
[名词]

all that exists in the physical world, such as space, planets, galaxies, etc.

宇宙

宇宙

Ex: Philosophers and physicists ponder the ultimate fate and origin of the universe.哲学家和物理学家思考**宇宙**的终极命运和起源。
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galaxy
[名词]

a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

星系

星系

Ex: Observations of distant galaxies help astronomers understand the early universe and the processes that led to the formation of galaxies.对遥远**星系**的观察帮助天文学家了解早期宇宙以及导致星系形成的过程。
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star
[名词]

(astronomy) a shining point found in large numbers in the night sky

星星, 天体

星星, 天体

Ex: We used a telescope to observe distant stars and galaxies .我们使用望远镜观察遥远的**星星**和星系。
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planet
[名词]

a huge round object that moves in an orbit, around the sun, or any other star

行星, 天体

行星, 天体

Ex: Saturn 's rings make it one of the most visually striking planets in our solar system .土星的光环使它成为我们太阳系中最引人注目的**行星**之一。
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sun
[名词]

the large, bright star in the sky that shines during the day and gives us light and heat

太阳, 白昼之星

太阳, 白昼之星

Ex: The sunflower turned its face towards the sun.向日葵把它的脸转向了**太阳**。
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solar system
[名词]

the sun and the group of planets orbiting around it, including the earth

太阳系, 太阳系

太阳系, 太阳系

Ex: Scientists believe the solar system formed over 4.5 billion years ago .科学家认为**太阳系**形成于45亿多年前。
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orbit
[名词]

the path an object in the space follows to move around a planet, star, etc.

轨道, 运行轨道

轨道, 运行轨道

Ex: When a spacecraft enters the orbit of another planet , it must adjust its velocity to achieve a stable trajectory .当航天器进入另一颗行星的**轨道**时,它必须调整其速度以实现稳定的轨迹。
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spacecraft
[名词]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

航天器, 宇宙飞船

航天器, 宇宙飞船

Ex: After completing its mission , the spacecraft re-entered Earth 's atmosphere and safely returned with samples collected from space .完成任务后,**航天器**重新进入地球大气层,并安全返回,带回了从太空收集的样本。
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spacesuit
[名词]

clothing used by astronauts while traveling in space

宇航服, 太空服

宇航服, 太空服

Ex: The spacesuit’s bulky design is necessary to provide insulation and pressure in the vacuum of space .
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shuttle
[名词]

A spacecraft designed to transport people or equipment between Earth and a space station or other celestial destination, typically capable of multiple trips

航天飞机, 太空船

航天飞机, 太空船

Ex: The shuttle's heat shield protected it during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere.
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rocket
[名词]

a spacecraft that moves up by the force of the gases produced when the fuel burns

火箭

火箭

Ex: The rocket’s engines ignited , generating the thrust needed to overcome Earth 's gravity and reach space .**火箭**的发动机点火,产生了克服地球引力并进入太空所需的推力。
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cosmos
[名词]

the universe, particularly when it is thought of as a systematic whole

宇宙,  cosmos

宇宙, cosmos

Ex: Understanding the cosmos requires interdisciplinary collaboration across astronomy , cosmology , and physics .理解**宇宙**需要天文学、宇宙学和物理学之间的跨学科合作。
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NASA
[名词]

a US government agency responsible for space travel and the study of space

美国国家航空航天局(NASA)负责美国的民用太空计划。

美国国家航空航天局(NASA)负责美国的民用太空计划。

Ex: NASA's Artemis program aims to return astronauts to the Moon and establish a sustainable lunar presence by the 2020s .**NASA**的阿尔忒弥斯计划旨在2020年代将宇航员送回月球并建立可持续的月球存在。
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moon
[名词]

the circular object going around the earth, visible mostly at night

月亮, 地球的天然卫星

月亮, 地球的天然卫星

Ex: The moon looked so close , as if we could reach out and touch it .**月亮**看起来如此之近,仿佛我们可以伸手触摸它。
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telescope
[名词]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

望远镜, 天文望远镜

望远镜, 天文望远镜

Ex: They purchased a telescope to enhance their night sky observations .他们购买了一台**望远镜**以增强对夜空的观测。
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astronaut
[名词]

someone who is trained to travel and work in space

宇航员, 航天员

宇航员, 航天员

Ex: He wrote a memoir detailing his experiences as an astronaut, including his spacewalks and scientific research .他写了一本回忆录,详细描述了他作为**宇航员**的经历,包括他的太空行走和科学研究。
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black hole
[名词]

a place in the space with such high gravity that pulls in everything, even light

黑洞, 黑孔

黑洞, 黑孔

Ex: The boundary surrounding a black hole, beyond which nothing can escape , is called the event horizon .围绕**黑洞**的边界,超出该边界任何东西都无法逃脱,称为事件视界。
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light-year
[名词]

the distance that light travels in a year (about 9.46 trillion kilometers)

光年, 光年

光年, 光年

Ex: The telescope captured light from a quasar billions of light-years away .
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a pale band of light seen in the sky at night that contains the solar system and billions of other stars

银河, 银河系

银河, 银河系

Ex: Ancient cultures observed the Milky Way and incorporated it into their myths and legends.古代文化观察了**银河**并将其融入他们的神话和传说中。
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atmosphere
[名词]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

大气, 气体层

大气, 气体层

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big bang
[名词]

the explosion that, according to most scientists, caused the existence of the universe

大爆炸, 大爆炸理论

大爆炸, 大爆炸理论

Ex: Scientists continue to explore the implications of the Big Bang theory through astronomical observations and theoretical physics.科学家们继续通过天文观测和理论物理学探索**大爆炸**理论的含义。
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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5)
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