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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Nature & Environment

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
bleak
bleak
[Adjective]

(of weather) unpleasantly cold and often windy

Ex: The bleak winter day was characterized by gray skies and biting winds. 
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balmy
balmy
[Adjective]

pleasantly warm, mild, and soothing

Ex: The balmy breeze rustled the leaves, bringing a sense of tranquility to the garden. 
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auroral
auroral
[Adjective]

pertaining to or caused by natural light displays in the Earth's upper atmosphere, especially near polar regions

Ex: The auroral display lit up the Arctic sky in shimmering waves. 
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to bluster

(of wind) to blow forcefully and noisily

Ex: The cold wind blustered through the narrow streets. 
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ambiance
ambiance
[noun]

the overall mood, feeling, or character of a place, shaped by its surroundings and influences

Ex: The restaurant's warm ambiance made it perfect for a romantic dinner. 
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billow
billow
[noun]

a large rolling wave, especially at sea

Ex: The ship rose and fell with the billows. 
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brink
brink
[noun]

the very edge of a steep slope or drop

Ex: He stood on the brink of the cliff, looking down at the ocean. 
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arboreal
arboreal
[Adjective]

related to or typically found within trees and tree ecosystems

Ex: The tropical rainforest supports a rich diversity of arboreal plant life high in the canopy, including epiphytic orchids, ferns and bromeliads. 
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arboretum
arboretum
[noun]

a place where trees, shrubs, and other woody plants are grown for public display, education, and research

Ex: The city's arboretum attracts thousands of visitors each year. 
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blight
blight
[noun]

a plant disease that causes withering, discoloration, or death without immediate rotting

Ex: The tomato plants showed signs of blight, with curled leaves and brown spots. 
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alluvial
alluvial
[Adjective]

related to material deposited by flowing water, often found in riverbeds and floodplains

Ex: Alluvial soil is fertile and rich in nutrients, making it ideal for agriculture. 
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blighted
blighted
[Adjective]

damaged or destroyed by blight, disease, or other harmful environmental condition that prevents healthy growth

Ex: The blighted crops could not be salvaged after the fungal infection. 
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arroyo
arroyo
[noun]

a usually dry watercourse that after a heavy rain temporarily fills and flows with water

Ex: Wildlife in the area depended on the arroyo’s temporary waters for survival after the rains. 
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brook
brook
[noun]

a small, natural watercourse or stream; typically characterized by a gentle and continuous flow

Ex: They enjoyed a peaceful walk along the brook. 
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clime
clime
[noun]

the typical weather conditions of a particular place over a long period

Ex: They moved to a warmer clime to escape the harsh winters. 
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conifer
conifer
[noun]

a type of tree or shrub that produces cones and has needle-like or scale-like leaves, belonging to the group of plants called gymnosperms

Ex: Pine is a common conifer found in many forests. 
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flora
flora
[noun]

communities of plant life native to a specific area or period

Ex: The national park is known for its diverse flora. 
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to inundate

to cover a stretch of land with a lot of water

Ex: Heavy rains can inundate the riverbanks, causing widespread flooding in the area. 
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levee
levee
[noun]

a natural or man-made structure built along a river or waterway to prevent flooding by confining the water within its boundaries

Ex: The town repaired the levee after the recent storm. 
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sylvan
sylvan
[Adjective]

relating to or characteristic of wooded areas

Ex: The cabin was nestled in a sylvan valley surrounded by pines. 
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stuffy
stuffy
[Adjective]

having air that is uncomfortable, lacking ventilation, and often feels warm or stale

Ex: The room felt stuffy after the window had been closed all day. 
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deluge
deluge
[noun]

a sudden and heavy rainfall

Ex: The deluge caused flash flooding throughout the city, overwhelming the drainage systems and submerging streets. 
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spate
spate
[noun]

a sudden overflow of a river

Ex: The village was threatened by a spate that swept through the valley. 
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sultry
sultry
[Adjective]

(of the weather) characterized by intense heat combined with high levels of moisture

Ex: Residents endured a week of sultry nights, with temperatures and humidity soaring. 
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inclement
inclement
[Adjective]

(of weather) rainy or cold in a way that is not pleasant

Ex: The inclement weather made the drive difficult, with rain pouring down and the wind howling. 
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Indian summer

a period marked by unusually dry and warm weather that often occurs at late autumn

Ex: We thought winter had arrived, but then we had a week of Indian summer with sunny days and mild temperatures. 
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stunted
stunted
[Adjective]

smaller or of poorer quality than normal, often due to a lack of proper growth or development

Ex: The tree's stunted growth was caused by poor soil. 
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