Insight - Upper-intermediate - Unit 10 - 10A

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 10 - 10A in the Insight Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "communal", "ethnic", "distribution", etc.

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communal

[Adjective]

belonging to or shared by a group of people and not only individuals

Ex: The tribe followed communal traditions passed down for generations .

freeloader

[noun]

a person who habitually takes advantage of others' generosity without offering anything in return

Ex: Despite contributing nothing to the household expenses , he always managed to be the first in line for dinner , earning himself the title of the family freeloader.

democratically

[Adverb]

in a manner that is based on principles of democracy

Ex: Laws and regulations are enacted democratically through the legislative process .

egalitarian

[Adjective]

supporting the notion that all humans are equal and should be given equal rights

Ex: Egalitarian values are fundamental to democracy , ensuring that every voice is heard and every person is valued .

to wear the trousers

[phrase]

to be the one who makes important decisions and fully controls a relationship or family

Ex: Their mother always wore the trousers in family matters.

collateral

[noun]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

Ex: The entrepreneur pledged his stock portfolio as collateral to secure the business loan needed to expand his company .

momentum

[noun]

the force or energy that propels a process, idea, or endeavor, enabling it to continue moving, progressing, or gaining strength

Ex: Economic momentum depends on market stability .

law enforcement

[noun]

the activities carried out by individuals or organizations in ensuring that laws are obeyed, and offenders are brought to justice

Ex: Law enforcement agencies work to prevent crime.

ethnic

[Adjective]

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

Ex: Ethnic music and dance performances entertain audiences with their rhythmic beats and expressive movements.

diversity

[noun]

the presence of a variety of distinct characteristics within a group

Ex: The city 's culinary scene is known for its diversity, offering a variety of cuisines from different countries .

minority

[noun]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

Ex: He is researching the history of minority communities in the area .

right

[noun]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.

civic

[Adjective]

officially relating to or connected with a city or town

Ex: She volunteers for various civic projects .

engagement

[noun]

an agreement between two people to get married or the duration of this agreement

Ex: They decided to delay the engagement party until after the holidays .

distribution

[noun]

the action of spreading, allocating, or apportioning something among recipients

Ex: The charity ensured fair distribution of supplies .

wealth

[noun]

abundance of money, property or valuable possessions

common good

[noun]

the benefit or welfare of all members of a community or society, rather than the interests of a single individual or group

Ex: The mayor ’s decision prioritized the common good over profits .

majority rule

[noun]

a decision-making system in which the option that receives more than half of the votes is considered the winning option

Ex: Some argue that majority rule can ignore minority rights .

social

[Adjective]

related to society and the lives of its citizens in general

Ex: Economic factors can impact social mobility and access to opportunities within society .

responsibility

[noun]

the obligation to perform a particular duty or task that is assigned to one

Ex: Parents have the responsibility of providing a safe and nurturing environment for their children .

equal opportunity

[noun]

the principle that everyone should have an equal chance to succeed or access certain opportunities, regardless of their race, gender, age, religion, etc.

Ex: True progress comes from ensuring equal opportunity for all .

extreme

[Adjective]

very high in intensity or degree

Ex: The movie depicted extreme acts of courage and heroism in the face of adversity .

mainstream

[noun]

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

Ex: His views were considered outside the mainstream of political thought .

reactionary

[Adjective]

strongly against any political or social changes or any new ideas

Ex: She found the reactionary policies to be out of touch with current needs .

secular

[Adjective]

not concerned or connected with religion

Ex: Secular organizations advocate for the separation of church and state in public affairs .

alternative

[noun]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

Ex: When the restaurant was full , we had to consider an alternative for dinner .

class-based

[Adjective]

(of a system) organized or structured according to social or economic classes, where individuals are grouped based on their social status, income level, or occupation

Ex: Many social reforms aim to dismantle class-based barriers that prevent equal access to resources .

moderate

[Adjective]

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

Ex: She is a moderate person who listens to all sides before making decisions .

private

[Adjective]

used by or belonging to only a particular individual, group, institution, etc.

Ex: They rented a private cabin for their vacation in the mountains .

radical

[Adjective]

(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm

Ex: She took a radical step by quitting her job to travel the world .

spiritual

[Adjective]

relating to or connected with the soul or spirit

Ex: Spiritual practices can bring inner peace .

Insight - Upper-intermediate
Vocabulary Insight 9	Unit 10 - 10A	Unit 10 - 10C	Unit 10 - 10D
Unit 10 - 10E	Vocabulary Insight 10

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