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Arts and Crafts - Art Movements: 19th Century

Here you will learn some English words related to art movements during 19th century such as "academic art", "les nabis", and "impressionism".

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Words Related to Arts and Crafts
divisionism

an artistic style popular in the late 19th century, characterized by the use of small, distinct brushstrokes of contrasting colors to create an optical effect

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Dusseldorf School

a group of German landscape painters active in the mid-19th century who were inspired by the Dutch Golden Age of painting

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academic art

a style of painting and sculpture that was popular in Europe during the 19th century, which focused on the accurate representation of classical themes and subjects

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aesthetic movement

a 19th-century artistic and literary movement that emphasized the importance of beauty and the senses in art and life

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Barbizon school

a group of French landscape painters active in the mid-19th century who were inspired by the natural beauty of the Fontainebleau forest

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Art Nouveau

a style of art and architecture, predominant in late 19th century, marked by complex curved patterns depicting natural objects such as flowers and plants

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arts and crafts movement

a late 19th-century and early 20th-century design movement that emphasized traditional craftsmanship and the importance of design in everyday life

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biedermeier

a style of furniture and decorative arts popular in Central Europe during the early 19th century, characterized by simple, neoclassical designs

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cloisonnism

an artistic style popular in the late 19th century, characterized by bold outlines and bright, flat colors

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expressionism

a style and movement of art, music, and literature in the early 20th century that expresses extreme feelings and emotions instead of showing events or objects in a realistic manner

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German Romanticism

a movement in German literature, art, and music that began in the late 18th century and emphasized emotion, imagination, and the power of nature

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Heidelberg School

a group of Australian landscape painters active in the late 19th century who were inspired by the French Barbizon school

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Hudson River School

a group of American landscape painters active in the mid-19th century who were inspired by the beauty of the American landscape

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hurufiyya movement

a movement in Islamic art that began in the late 14th century and was characterized by the use of abstract geometric shapes and calligraphic motifs

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impressionism

a movement in painting originated in 19th-century France that uses light and color in a way that gives an impression rather than a detailed representation of the subject

Ex: Claude Monet's "Water Lilies" is a quintessential example of Impressionism, capturing the ephemeral beauty of light and nature. 
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jugendstil

a style of art and architecture popular in Central Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by its use of organic forms and floral motifs

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les nabis
les nabis
[noun]

a group of Post-Impressionist French artists active in the late 19th century, who sought to create art that was more expressive and symbolic than the Impressionists

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luminism
luminism
[noun]

an American landscape painting style popular in the mid-19th century, characterized by its use of light and atmosphere to create a sense of tranquility and peace

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macchiaioli

a group of Italian landscape painters active in the mid-19th century who were inspired by the Barbizon school of France

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mir iskusstva

a Russian art movement active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which emphasized the importance of beauty and the senses in art

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naturalism

a literary and artistic movement initiated in the late 19th century, marked by the accurate depiction of detail

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Nazarene movement

a German art movement active in the early 19th century, which sought to revive the spiritual nature of Christian art

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neo-impressionism

a style of French painting originated in late 19th century that was aimed to improve the impressionism by employing the pointillistic technique

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orientalism

a style of 19th-century European art and literature that romanticized the Middle East and its people, often in a way that was exoticizing and inaccurate

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pointillism

a painting created using dots and small strokes of color

Ex: The gallery displayed a pointillism of a bustling Paris street. 
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post-impressionism

a theory or practice of art that was formed in late 19th-century France as a reaction against impressionism and its concern for natural representation

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pre-raphaelites

a group of English painters active in the mid-19th century who sought to revive the spiritual nature of Italian Renaissance art

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realism
realism
[noun]

a literary or artistic style that gives a lifelike representation of people, events, and objects

Ex: The artist's commitment to realism is evident in his paintings, which meticulously depict the everyday lives of rural workers with incredible detail. 
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romanticism

a literary and artistic movement that was prevalent in the late 18th century, which emphasized the significance of imagination, subjective feelings, and a return to nature

Ex: Romanticism emerged as a reaction against the industrial revolution and the Enlightenment, emphasizing the importance of emotion, nature, and individualism in art and literature. 
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secession
secession
[noun]

a group of Austrian artists active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who sought to break away from traditional academic art and create a modern, expressive style

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symbolism
symbolism
[noun]

a late 19th-century style or movement of art that tried to express thoughts and states of mind in strong words and images, called symbols, and avoided detailed representations of the reality

Ex: Symbolism in art often reflects the artist's inner thoughts and personal experiences. 
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synthetism

an artistic style popular in the late 19th century, characterized by the use of bold, simplified forms and bright colors to create a sense of emotion and movement

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tonalism
tonalism
[noun]

an American landscape painting style popular in the late 19th century, characterized by its use of muted colors and soft, atmospheric effects

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Vienna Secession

a group of Austrian artists active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who sought to break away from traditional academic art and create a modern, expressive style

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spiritualist art

an artistic style popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by its use of abstract forms and spiritual themes

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