Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - الصحة العامة والأنظمة الطبية

any of the types into which human blood is divided

permission given by a patient to receive a particular treatment, informed of all the possible consequences and risks

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

a small amount of something such as urine, blood, etc. that is taken for examination

a medical doctor who specializes in general medicine, not in surgery

someone who looks after a child or an old, sick, or disabled person at home

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

the steps one takes to promote health and avoid disease, particularly by cleaning things or being clean

(of a person's face) to look lively and healthy, specifically as a result of training and exercising

a feeling of sadness or depression, often mild and temporary

capable of seeing unlike a blind person

a trained individual who provides emergency medical care to people before taking them to the hospital

a person residing in a hospital, clinic, or other institutional medical facility while receiving care, especially one confined for psychiatric treatment or long‑term inpatient care

not clean enough to be safe or healthy

having a tendency or inclination toward something

a protective system in the body that defends it against diseases and harmful substances

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

clean and free from germs or contaminants