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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS General (Skóre 8-9) - Finance a Měna

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s financemi a měnou, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku IELTS General Training.

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (8-9)
price fixing
price fixing
[Podstatné jméno]

an agreement between business rivals to not sell products at a lower price

fixace cen, cenová dohoda

fixace cen, cenová dohoda

Ex: The company was fined millions of dollars for engaging in price fixing with its competitors, violating antitrust laws. 
alimony
alimony
[Podstatné jméno]

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

výživné, alimenty

výživné, alimenty

Ex: After the divorce, she was awarded monthly alimony payments to support her financially. 
arrears
arrears
[Podstatné jméno]

money that is owed and not yet paid

nedoplatky, dluh v prodlení

nedoplatky, dluh v prodlení

Ex: He finally paid off his arrears from the last six months. 
collateral
collateral
[Podstatné jméno]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

zástava,  kolaterál

zástava, kolaterál

Ex: When securing a loan, the bank often requires borrowers to provide collateral, such as real estate or vehicles, to mitigate the risk of default. 
contingency
contingency
[Podstatné jméno]

the funds that are set aside for unforeseen expenses that may arise in the future

rezerva

rezerva

Ex: The company allocated a portion of its budget as a contingency to cover unexpected costs, such as equipment repairs or legal fees. 
lump sum
lump sum
[Podstatné jméno]

a single, large payment made in full, instead of smaller payments made over time

jednorázová platba, lump sum

jednorázová platba, lump sum

Ex: After winning the lottery, Sarah chose to receive her prize as a lump sum rather than in annual installments. 
overhead
overhead
[Podstatné jméno]

the regular costs required for maintaining a business or an organization

režijní náklady

režijní náklady

Ex: Rent, utilities, and insurance are all part of the company's overhead. 
top-up
top-up
[Podstatné jméno]

an extra amount of money added to an existing sum so that it reaches the required total

doplnění, příplatek

doplnění, příplatek

Ex: Before embarking on the road trip, I stopped at the gas station to top up the tank. 
bubble
bubble
[Podstatné jméno]

a rapid trend of increase in prices that eventually leads to a collapse

bublina, spekulativní bublina

bublina, spekulativní bublina

Ex: The housing bubble of the mid-2000s led to a catastrophic collapse in real estate prices and triggered the global financial crisis. 
face value
face value
[Podstatné jméno]

the price that is imprinted on a product

nominální hodnota, hodnota tváře

nominální hodnota, hodnota tváře

Ex: The ticket's face value was $50, but due to high demand, scalpers were selling them for three times that amount. 
outlay
outlay
[Podstatné jméno]

the sum of money spent

výdaj, investice

výdaj, investice

Ex: The total outlay for the renovations was $50,000. 
receivables
receivables
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of unpaid debt that a company expects to receive from its customers or another company

pohledávky, obchodní pohledávky

pohledávky, obchodní pohledávky

Ex: The company's accounts receivables increased significantly this quarter, indicating strong sales but also potential cash flow challenges. 
seed money
seed money
[Podstatné jméno]

the initial amount of money needed to start a business or project

startovní kapitál, počáteční financování

startovní kapitál, počáteční financování

Ex: The entrepreneur used seed money from family and friends to launch her start-up company. 
stake
stake
[Podstatné jméno]

an amount of money invested in a business

podíl, účast

podíl, účast

Ex: She purchased a significant stake in the startup company to support its growth. 
nickel
nickel
[Podstatné jméno]

a five-cent coin of Canada and the US

nikl, pěticent

nikl, pěticent

Ex: He found a nickel on the ground and added it to his coin collection. 
corkage
corkage
[Podstatné jméno]

an amount of money charged by a restaurant for drinking a wine that was bought from somewhere else by the customer

poplatek za korek, poplatek za otevření láhve

poplatek za korek, poplatek za otevření láhve

Ex: The restaurant allows you to bring your own wine, but they charge a corkage fee of $15 per bottle. 
gratuity
gratuity
[Podstatné jméno]

an additional amount of money given to someone for their services

spropitné, odměna

spropitné, odměna

Ex: The waiter received a generous gratuity for providing excellent service throughout the meal. 
building society
building society
[Podstatné jméno]

a financial institution that accepts savings deposits and provides mortgage loans

stavební spořitelna, bytová spořitelna

stavební spořitelna, bytová spořitelna

Ex: She opened an account at the local building society. 
cash dispenser
cash dispenser
[Podstatné jméno]

an automatic machine that allows people to withdraw money or do other banking operation using a debit card

bankomat, peněžní automat

bankomat, peněžní automat

clearing house
clearing house
[Podstatné jméno]

a financial institution that oversees exchanging cheques and other financial transactions

clearingové centrum, kompenzační centrum

clearingové centrum, kompenzační centrum

Ex: The clearing house acts as an intermediary between buyers and sellers in financial markets, facilitating the settlement of transactions. 
giro
giro
[Podstatné jméno]

a British banking system in which funds are transferred from one account to another upon authorization, often via bank or post office

bankovní převod, poštovní převod

bankovní převod, poštovní převod

Ex: He paid his rent using the giro system. 
line of credit
line of credit
[Podstatné jméno]

the maximum amount of loan that a customer is allowed to receive

úvěrový limit, revolvingový úvěr

úvěrový limit, revolvingový úvěr

Ex: The small business secured a line of credit from the bank to cover operating expenses during lean months. 
fintech
fintech
[Podstatné jméno]

the technological innovation in financial services

fintech, finanční technologie

fintech, finanční technologie

Ex: The fintech company developed a mobile app that allows users to easily transfer money, pay bills, and track their expenses in real-time. 
pension pot
pension pot
[Podstatné jméno]

the total accumulated savings set aside for retirement

penzijní fond, důchodové spoření

penzijní fond, důchodové spoření

Ex: As retirement approached, Sarah began contributing more to her pension pot to ensure a comfortable lifestyle in her later years. 
child support
child support
[Podstatné jméno]

a regular payment from one parent to financially support the child after a divorce

výživné na dítě, podpora dítěte

výživné na dítě, podpora dítěte

Ex: The court ordered John to pay monthly child support to help cover the costs of raising his two children. 
corporate welfare
corporate welfare
[Podstatné jméno]

subsidies, incentives, or benefits given by the government to big or growing businesses and corporations

korporátní blahobyt, dotace pro korporace

korporátní blahobyt, dotace pro korporace

Ex: Critics argue that corporate welfare distorts the free market by giving unfair advantages to certain businesses through government subsidies. 
curtailment
curtailment
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

omezení,  redukce

omezení, redukce

Ex: The company announced a curtailment of its production operations in response to declining market demand. 
to wind down
to wind down
[sloveso]

to slowly reduce the activity of a business or organization, leading to its eventual closure

postupně omezovat, postupně uzavírat

postupně omezovat, postupně uzavírat

Ex: The company plans to wind down its operations over the next six months. 
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