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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS General (Skóre 8-9) - Společnost a Společenské Události

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se Společností a Sociálními událostmi, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku IELTS General Training.

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (8-9)
rat race
rat race
[Podstatné jméno]

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

honba za úspěchem, vyčerpávající kolotoč práce

honba za úspěchem, vyčerpávající kolotoč práce

Ex: He left the rat race and moved to a small town by the sea. 
anomie
anomie
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of personal instability, isolation, or anxiety caused by a breakdown of social norms or regulation

anomie, sociální dezintegrace

anomie, sociální dezintegrace

Ex: After losing his job, he experienced a deep sense of anomie and purposelessness. 
caste
caste
[Podstatné jméno]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

kasta, kastovní systém

kasta, kastovní systém

Ex: The caste system in India historically divided society into hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status. 
sorority
sorority
[Podstatné jméno]

a social club for female students in a university or college, especially in the US and Canada

sesterstvo, dámský studentský spolek

sesterstvo, dámský studentský spolek

Ex: Joining a sorority can provide students with opportunities for leadership, friendship, and community service. 
ally
ally
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who helps or supports someone else in certain activities or against someone else

spojenec, podporovatel

spojenec, podporovatel

Ex: She found a reliable ally in her coworker, who always supported her ideas during meetings. 
civics
civics
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of the rights and responsibilities of citizens in society

občanská výchova, občanská nauka

občanská výchova, občanská nauka

Ex: Civics education is essential for fostering informed and engaged citizens who can participate effectively in democratic society. 
denizen
denizen
[Podstatné jméno]

a resident in a particular place

obyvatel, rezident

obyvatel, rezident

Ex: As a longtime denizen of the small coastal town, he knew everyone by name and their life stories 
global village
global village
[Podstatné jméno]

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

globální vesnice, světová vesnice

globální vesnice, světová vesnice

Ex: The internet has transformed the world into a global village, allowing people from different continents to communicate instantaneously. 
grass roots
grass roots
[Podstatné jméno]

the ordinary people with a common interest who form the foundation of a movement, organization, or political party

řadoví členové, lidé z terénu

řadoví členové, lidé z terénu

Ex: The movement started from the grass roots and grew nationwide. 
intersectionality
intersectionality
[Podstatné jméno]

a concept that recognizes how different forms of discrimination and oppression, such as race, gender, and class, interact with each other

intersekcionalita, intersekcionální přístup

intersekcionalita, intersekcionální přístup

Ex: Intersectionality acknowledges that individuals experience discrimination or privilege based on the intersection of multiple social identities, not just one. 
othering
othering
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of defining and labeling individuals or groups as different from oneself or the dominant social group

jinakost, vyloučení

jinakost, vyloučení

Ex: Othering often leads to the marginalization and dehumanization of individuals or groups who are perceived as different or inferior. 
polity
polity
[Podstatné jméno]

the specific form or system of government of a society or institution

polity, systém vlády

polity, systém vlády

Ex: The church adopted a new polity emphasizing local autonomy. 
senior citizen
senior citizen
[Podstatné jméno]

an old person, especially someone who is retired

senior, důchodce

senior, důchodce

Ex: As a senior citizen, he enjoys the discounts offered at local stores and restaurants. 
commoner
commoner
[Podstatné jméno]

a person that does not belong to the upper class of the society

prostý člověk, obyčejný člověk

prostý člověk, obyčejný člověk

Ex: In feudal societies, commoners made up the majority of the population and typically worked as farmers, artisans, or laborers. 
inferior
inferior
[Podstatné jméno]

a person with a lower position than someone else

podřízený, nižší

podřízený, nižší

Ex: In hierarchical societies, those considered inferiors often have limited opportunities for advancement and face discrimination based on their social status. 
vigil
vigil
[Podstatné jméno]

a spiritual observance involving staying awake, praying, or meditating, often held before a holy day or event

bdění, vigilie

bdění, vigilie

Ex: They participated in the Easter vigil at midnight. 
panel
panel
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of people with special skills or knowledge who have been brought together to discuss, give advice, or make a decision about an issue

panel, skupina odborníků

panel, skupina odborníků

Ex: The panel of experts discussed the challenges facing the education system. 
fundraiser
fundraiser
[Podstatné jméno]

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

sbírka, dobročinná akce

sbírka, dobročinná akce

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a successful fundraiser to raise funds for humanitarian aid in disaster-affected areas. 
gala
gala
[Podstatné jméno]

a splendid public celebration

gala

gala

soiree
soiree
[Podstatné jméno]

an elegant gathering or party that is usually held in the evening

večírek

večírek

Ex: The ambassador hosted a lavish soiree at the embassy, inviting diplomats, dignitaries, and local elites. 
public spirit
public spirit
[Podstatné jméno]

a sense of community concern and willingness to contribute to the public good

veřejný duch, smysl pro obecné blaho

veřejný duch, smysl pro obecné blaho

Ex: Civic-minded individuals who volunteer their time and resources demonstrate a strong public spirit, contributing to the betterment of their communities. 
social capital
social capital
[Podstatné jméno]

the collective value of social networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other

sociální kapitál, vztahový kapitál

sociální kapitál, vztahový kapitál

Ex: Communities with high levels of social capital tend to have stronger bonds among residents, leading to greater resilience and support during times of adversity. 
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