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ACT Angličtina a Světové Znalosti - Vzácné Významy

Learn ACT vocabulary focused on less common meanings of familiar words and improve your ability to understand unusual word usage in reading passages.

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ACT Vocabulary for English and World Knowledge
signature
signature
[Podstatné jméno]

a distinctive feature or quality by which someone or something can be recognized

typický znak

typický znak

Ex: That dry humor has become Sarah's signature. 
wake
wake
[Podstatné jméno]

the aftermath or consequences following a significant event, especially a disaster

následek, důsledek

následek, důsledek

Ex: The wake of the storm caused widespread damage to homes and infrastructure. 
benefit
benefit
[Podstatné jméno]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

dávka, příspěvek

dávka, příspěvek

Ex: He was able to receive benefits while he searched for a new job after being laid off. 
projection
projection
[Podstatné jméno]

an estimate or prediction based on past observations or data

projekce, předpověď

projekce, předpověď

Ex: Climate projections warn of increasing temperatures. 
constitution
constitution
[Podstatné jméno]

the composition or makeup of someone or something, especially in terms of its physical or structural arrangement

ústava, složení

ústava, složení

Ex: The constitution of the committee included representatives from various departments. 
impression
impression
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbol or mark made by pressing or stamping onto a surface

otisk, značka

otisk, značka

Ex: The ancient clay tablet bore the royal seal as its official impression. 
game
game
[Podstatné jméno]

wild animals or birds that are hunted for food or sport

zvěř, ulovená zvěř

zvěř, ulovená zvěř

Ex: The hunters went into the forest to track game. 
drag
drag
[Podstatné jméno]

the force exerted on an object moving through a fluid that opposes its motion

odpor, aerodynamický odpor

odpor, aerodynamický odpor

Ex: The streamlined design of the car minimized drag and increased fuel efficiency. 
draft
draft
[Podstatné jméno]

a flow of air, often caused by temperature differences or ventilation

průvan, proud vzduchu

průvan, proud vzduchu

Ex: She opened the window to let in a refreshing draft of cool evening air. 
draw
draw
[Podstatné jméno]

a performer or attraction that greatly appeals to audiences, resulting in the attraction of large crowds to an event or venue

atrakce, hvězda

atrakce, hvězda

Ex: The magician was the circus's main draw, captivating crowds with mesmerizing illusions. 
cause
cause
[Podstatné jméno]

a sequence of actions or efforts directed towards advancing a principle or achieving a specific objective

příčina, důvod

příčina, důvod

Ex: The local community rallied together for the cause of preserving the neighborhood park. 
gulf
gulf
[Podstatné jméno]

a big difference that is hard to overcome, especially because of a lack of understanding

propast, rozdíl

propast, rozdíl

Ex: The gulf between their opinions made it hard for them to agree. 
bill
bill
[Podstatné jméno]

the projecting mouthpart of a bird used for feeding or preening

zobák, zobáček

zobák, zobáček

Ex: A hummingbird's bill is slender and suited for reaching nectar. 
plot
plot
[Podstatné jméno]

a small area of land intended or marked for a particular use such as gardening

parcela, pozemek

parcela, pozemek

Ex: She planted vegetables in her small garden plot. 
propagation
propagation
[Podstatné jméno]

the way a wave travels through a medium

šíření, přenos

šíření, přenos

Ex: The propagation of heat waves through metal can be felt almost instantly. 

Šíření vln tepla kovem lze cítit téměř okamžitě.

carousel
carousel
[Podstatné jméno]

a moving belt at airports where passengers pick up their luggage

pásový dopravník, karusel na zavazadla

pásový dopravník, karusel na zavazadla

Ex: The carousel stopped suddenly, surprising everyone waiting. 

Karusel se náhle zastavil, čímž překvapil všechny čekající.

condition
condition
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical problem, such as a disorder, illness, etc.

stav, onemocnění

stav, onemocnění

Ex: Her chronic condition requires regular medical check-ups and careful management. 
vehicle
vehicle
[Podstatné jméno]

an object capable of carrying infectious agents and transmitting them between individuals

vozidlo, přenašeč

vozidlo, přenašeč

Ex: Used tissues can act as a vehicle for transmitting cold viruses. 
means
means
[Podstatné jméno]

an instrument or method used to achieve a specific end or goal

prostředek, metoda

prostředek, metoda

Ex: Education is often seen as a means to improve one's socioeconomic status. 
discipline
discipline
[Podstatné jméno]

a field of study that is typically taught in a university

disciplína

disciplína

Ex: Psychology is a discipline that studies behavior and mental processes. 
impact
impact
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another

dopad, srážka

dopad, srážka

Ex: The impact of the two cars could be heard from a distance. 
response
response
[Podstatné jméno]

a physical or emotional reaction that happens as a result of a specific situation or event

odpověď, reakce

odpověď, reakce

Ex: The body produces a stress response in threatening situations. 
province
province
[Podstatné jméno]

the specific area or domain where one's actions, authority, or expertise are appropriate or effective

oblast, oblast odbornosti

oblast, oblast odbornosti

Ex: As a biologist, her province includes studying marine ecosystems. 
expression
expression
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific look on someone's face, indicating what they are feeling or thinking

výraz,  pohled

výraz, pohled

Ex: Her eyes widened in surprise, an expression that conveyed her shock better than words ever could. 
adoption
adoption
[Podstatné jméno]

the legal process of taking another person's child into one's family and raising them as one's own

adopce

adopce

Ex: International adoption can involve complicated legal procedures. 
tenor
tenor
[Podstatné jméno]

the consistent course or pattern of a person's life and activities

průběh, směr

průběh, směr

Ex: The tenor of his days was defined by a balance of work, leisure, and community service. 

Tenor jeho dnů byl definován rovnováhou mezi prací, volným časem a službou komunitě.

crest
crest
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbol or design used in medieval times to decorate a helmet, often representing a family or knightly order

erb, emblema

erb, emblema

Ex: The intricate details of the crest were carefully painted onto the knight's armor. 

Složité detaily erb byly pečlivě namalovány na rytířovo brnění.

to celebrate
to celebrate
[sloveso]

to elevate or accord significant social importance to someone or something through public recognition or acknowledgment

oslavovat, ctít

oslavovat, ctít

Ex: The town celebrates its local artists by showcasing their work in public exhibitions. 
to maintain
to maintain
[sloveso]

to firmly and persistently express an opinion, belief, or statement as true and valid

udržovat, trvat na

udržovat, trvat na

Ex: She maintains that her interpretation of the data is correct despite the opposition. 

Ona tvrdí, že její interpretace dat je správná navzdory opozici.

to subject
to subject
[sloveso]

to make someone experience something unpleasant

vystavit

vystavit

Ex: The prisoners were subjected to harsh conditions. 
to promote
to promote
[sloveso]

to help or support the progress or development of something

podporovat, podněcovat

podporovat, podněcovat

Ex: The manager worked to promote teamwork within the group. 
to convert
to convert
[sloveso]

to change into a different form or to change into something with a different use

přeměnit, konvertovat

přeměnit, konvertovat

Ex: The liquid converts into a gas when exposed to high temperatures. 
to portray
to portray
[sloveso]

to perform the role of a particular character in a play, movie, or television production

Ex: The character is portrayed by a well-known Canadian actor. 
to convey
to convey
[sloveso]

to serve as a means of expressing or communicating a feeling, idea, quality, or impression

vyjadřovat, přenášet

vyjadřovat, přenášet

Ex: The design conveys an impression of simplicity and elegance. 
to deliver
to deliver
[sloveso]

to convey a speech, idea, etc. to an audience in a clear and effective manner

pronést, předat

pronést, předat

Ex: The keynote speaker delivered an inspiring address at the conference, motivating everyone in the audience. 
to contract
to contract
[sloveso]

to get infected by a disease or virus

nakazit se, chytit

nakazit se, chytit

Ex: Despite taking precautions, he still contracted pneumonia after being exposed to the virus during flu season. 
to occur
to occur
[sloveso]

to be present or found in a particular place

vyskytovat se, být přítomen

vyskytovat se, být přítomen

Ex: The species occurs naturally in tropical rainforests. 
to determine
to determine
[sloveso]

to settle or establish something with finality and authority

určit, stanovit

určit, stanovit

Ex: The committee will determine the winner of the competition. 
to display
to display
[sloveso]

to demonstrate a particular quality, feeling, skill, etc.

zobrazit, prezentovat

zobrazit, prezentovat

Ex: She displayed great confidence during the presentation. 
to people
to people
[sloveso]

to gather individuals closely together in large numbers

shromáždit, osídlit

shromáždit, osídlit

Ex: The festival organizers worked tirelessly to people the town square with vendors and performers. 
to level
to level
[sloveso]

to aim or direct a weapon at a target

zamířit, namířit

zamířit, namířit

Ex: The skilled sniper leveled his rifle at the enemy's position. 
to inspire
to inspire
[sloveso]

to cause someone to feel a particular emotion or reaction

vzbuzovat,  inspirovat

vzbuzovat, inspirovat

Ex: The successful rescue inspired hope throughout the community. 
to discount
to discount
[sloveso]

to ignore or dismiss something, refusing to consider or give attention to it

ignorovat, zamítnout

ignorovat, zamítnout

Ex: It's unfair to discount the opinions of certain team members during decision-making. 
to relate
to relate
[sloveso]

to narrate or recount a story, event, or series of events

vyprávět, vylíčit

vyprávět, vylíčit

Ex: Grandparents often relate enchanting tales from their youth, painting vivid pictures of a bygone era. 
to treat
to treat
[sloveso]

to pay for or offer food, drink, or entertainment to someone as a gift or favor

poctít, pozvat

poctít, pozvat

Ex: I'll treat you to dinner at your favorite restaurant tonight. 
to address
to address
[sloveso]

to think about a problem or an issue and start to deal with it

řešit, zabývat se

řešit, zabývat se

Ex: The company needs to address the issue of employee turnover. 
to wind
to wind
[sloveso]

to maneuver or direct something along a twisting or curving path

navíjet, vinout se

navíjet, vinout se

Ex: He deftly wound the thread through the eye of the needle. 
to afford
to afford
[sloveso]

to provide access to or give someone the opportunity to do something

umožnit, poskytnout

umožnit, poskytnout

Ex: The scholarship afforded her the opportunity to attend college. 
to chart
to chart
[sloveso]

to organize and outline the components, steps, or details of a plan

naplánovat, rozvrhnout

naplánovat, rozvrhnout

Ex: The project manager charted the course for the upcoming software development. 
to realize
to realize
[sloveso]

to make something tangible or actual from an idea or concept

realizovat, uskutečnit

realizovat, uskutečnit

Ex: The artist realized her concept into a stunning sculpture. 
to advance
to advance
[sloveso]

to propose an idea or theory for discussion

navrhnout, předložit

navrhnout, předložit

Ex: During the team meeting, Sarah advanced a new marketing strategy to boost product visibility. 
to float
to float
[sloveso]

to suggest an idea, plan, or proposal so that others can consider it

navrhnout, předložit

navrhnout, předložit

Ex: She casually floated a suggestion that everyone seemed to like. 
to arrest
to arrest
[sloveso]

to bring to a sudden halt

zastavit, přerušit

zastavit, přerušit

Ex: His commanding voice arrested the room's chatter. 
to regard
to regard
[sloveso]

to pay close attention to something by looking at it carefully

zvažovat, pozorovat

zvažovat, pozorovat

Ex: She regarded the painting for several minutes, taking in every detail. 
to charter
to charter
[sloveso]

to formally contract or engage services for a specific purpose or period

pronajmout, smluvně zajistit

pronajmout, smluvně zajistit

Ex: The team chartered a van to transport equipment to the tournament. 
to hail
to hail
[sloveso]

to originate or come from a specific place or region

pocházet, být původem

pocházet, být původem

Ex: The rare species of bird hails from the tropical rainforests of South America. 

Vzácný druh ptáka pochází z tropických deštných pralesů Jižní Ameriky.

to resonate
to resonate
[sloveso]

to be understood and have a strong impact or relevance

rezonovat, zanechat hluboký dojem

rezonovat, zanechat hluboký dojem

Ex: Her struggles resonate with many young adults trying to find their way in life. 

Její boje rezonují s mnoha mladými dospělými, kteří se snaží najít svou cestu v životě.

pastoral
pastoral
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the lifestyle, traditions, or environment of herdsmen, typically associated with raising sheep or cattle

pastorální, vztahující se k pastevcům

pastorální, vztahující se k pastevcům

Ex: He chose to live a pastoral life, tending to his flock of sheep in the countryside. 

Rozhodl se žít pastýřský život, starat se o své stádo ovcí na venkově.

acute
acute
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a sense or perception) extremely sensitive or highly developed

ostrý,  bystrý

ostrý, bystrý

Ex: The animal uses its acute hearing to detect approaching predators. 
fine
fine
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a texture) having substances made of tiny particles

jemný, jemnovláknitý

jemný, jemnovláknitý

Ex: The powdered sugar was so fine it dissolved instantly on the tongue. 
intimate
intimate
[Přídavné jméno]

based on detailed and thorough knowledge gained through close study or experience

důkladný, podrobný

důkladný, podrobný

Ex: Emma's intimate familiarity with the archive proved extremely useful. 
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