Erweiterter Wortschatz für den TOEFL - Argumentation

to publicly state that something is the case

bekennen, aussprechen

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

schlichten, entscheidung treffen

to express if one is for or against an idea or arguement

sich äußern, sich erklären

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

widerlegen, widerstreiten

to estimate something using past experiences or known data

extrapolieren, schlussfolgern

to suddenly interrupt someone with one’s own opinion or remark

unterbrechen, einwerfen

to express one's opinion

Meinung äußern, einen Standpunkt vertreten

to state one's opinion in such a manner that shows one believes to be the only person to fully know it and be unarguably correct

pontifizieren, mit Dogmatismus sprechen

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

postulieren, annehmen

to back up or form the basis of an argument by providing support

unterstützen, untermauern

to be undecided and not know what opinion, idea, or course of action to stick to

schwanken, zöggern

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

ad hominem

too confident or proud in expressing oneself, in a way that is annoying to others

aufdringlich, eitel

believing things easily even without much evidence that leads to being easy to deceive

gläubig, naiv

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialektisch

acting as a conversation medium between two groups of people so they can create an argument

vermittelnd, intermediär

not expressing one's definite opinion or intention clearly, especially in an argument

unverbindlich, unentschlossen

involving rational arguments to support or oppose an opinion, usually the opposite of others'

polemisch, kontrovers

expressing feelings or opinions, loudly and forcefully

lauthals, herzhaft

a public expression or discussion of opinions

Äußerung, Diskussion

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

Aporie, Widerspruch

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

Argumentation, logische Beweisführung

someone whose opinion changes in accordance with the situation

Chamäleon, Opportunist

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

Kasuistik

an agreement reached by all members of a group

Konsens, Einvernehmen

the most important part of something on which its existence, success, or truth depends

Eckstein, Grundlage

the art or practice of giving a speech or reciting a poem with expression and gestures, especially as an exercise for public speaking or performance

Deklamation

the state in which one holds two opposing ideas at the same time

Doppeldenk, Doppelgedanke

the ability to deliver a clear and strong message

Eloquenz

a supporter of a theory, belief, idea, etc. who tries to persuade others that it is true or good in order to gain their support

ein Verfechter, ein Befürworter

a limitation on freedom of speech or a restriction on dissemination of information

Zensur, Einschränkung

the state or quality of unwillingness to change one's opinion or behavior

Unnachgiebigkeit, Hartnäckigkeit

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

Querdenker, Rebell

a unique approach or perspective that is centered around a particular opinion

Ansatz, Perspektive

a type of logical argument that uses deductive reasoning to conclude based on two premises claimed or supposed to be true

Sylogismus

used humorously to show that someone has made a good point in an argument or discussion

gut gemacht, treffend

to involve someone in an argument, conflict, or complex situation

verwickeln, einbeziehen