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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Argumentación

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la argumentación, como "avow", "posit", "credulous", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to avow
to avow
[Verbo]

to publicly state that something is the case

declarar

declarar

Ex: The author avowed their dedication to promoting social justice in every piece of writing. 

El autor afirmó su dedicación a promover la justicia social en cada escrito.

to arbitrate

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

arbitrar

arbitrar

Ex: The HR manager was called upon to arbitrate the dispute between two employees. 

El gerente de recursos humanos fue llamado para arbitrar la disputa entre dos empleados.

to come out

to express if one is for or against an idea or arguement

declararse en /en contra de algo

declararse en /en contra de algo

Ex: The committee members were asked to come out and declare their support or opposition to the proposed changes. 

Se les pidió a los miembros del comité que se manifestaran y declararan su apoyo o oposición a los cambios propuestos.

to confute
to confute
[Verbo]

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

refutar

refutar

Ex: The lawyer confuted the witness's testimony with contradictory facts. 

El abogado refutó el testimonio del testigo con hechos contradictorios.

to extrapolate

to estimate something using past experiences or known data

extrapolar

extrapolar

Ex: Economists use historical data to extrapolate potential impacts of policy changes on the market. 

Los economistas utilizan datos históricos para extrapolar los impactos potenciales de los cambios de política en el mercado.

to interject

to insert a comment, remark, or question abruptly into a conversation

interponer

interponer

Ex: I tried to interject, but they were too deep in debate. 

Intenté intervenir, pero estaban demasiado inmersos en el debate.

to opine
to opine
[Verbo]

to express one's opinion

opinar

opinar

Ex: At the family gathering, relatives gathered around the table to opine on various topics, sharing their perspectives. 

En la reunión familiar, los parientes se reunieron alrededor de la mesa para opinar sobre varios temas, compartiendo sus perspectivas.

to pontificate

to state one's opinion in such a manner that shows one believes to be the only person to fully know it and be unarguably correct

pontificar

pontificar

Ex: She is pontificating about technology trends, believing her knowledge is superior. 

Ella está pontificando sobre las tendencias tecnológicas, creyendo que su conocimiento es superior.

to posit
to posit
[Verbo]

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

postular, plantear

postular, plantear

Ex: The physicist posited the existence of parallel universes to explain certain phenomena observed in quantum mechanics. 

El físico postuló la existencia de universos paralelos para explicar ciertos fenómenos observados en la mecánica cuántica.

to underpin

to back up or form the basis of an argument by providing support

apoyar, respaldar

apoyar, respaldar

to vacillate

to be undecided and not know what opinion, idea, or course of action to stick to

vacilar

vacilar

Ex: They will be vacillating between various options before settling on a plan. 

Ellos estarán vacilando entre varias opciones antes de decidirse por un plan.

ad hominem
ad hominem
[Adjetivo]

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

ad hominem

ad hominem

bumptious
bumptious
[Adjetivo]

too confident or proud in expressing oneself, in a way that is annoying to others

presuntuoso

presuntuoso

Ex: The bumptious young man interrupted everyone in the room with his unsolicited opinions. 

El joven presumido interrumpió a todos en la habitación con sus opiniones no solicitadas.

credulous
credulous
[Adjetivo]

believing things easily even without much evidence that leads to being easy to deceive

crédulo

crédulo

Ex: Parents teach their children to be wary of strangers so they aren't too credulous and easily deceived. 

Los padres enseñan a sus hijos a desconfiar de los extraños para que no sean demasiado crédulos y fácilmente engañados.

dialectical
dialectical
[Adjetivo]

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialéctico

dialéctico

Ex: In dialectical discussions, participants strive to reconcile contradictions and reach a higher level of understanding. 

En las discusiones dialécticas, los participantes se esfuerzan por reconciliar contradicciones y alcanzar un nivel superior de comprensión.

intermediary
intermediary
[Adjetivo]

acting as a conversation medium between two groups of people so they can create an argument

intermediario

intermediario

non-committal
non-committal
[Adjetivo]

not expressing one's definite opinion or intention clearly, especially in an argument

que no se compromete

que no se compromete

polemic
polemic
[Adjetivo]

involving rational arguments to support or oppose an opinion, usually the opposite of others'

polémico

polémico

Ex: The book offered a polemic perspective against the mainstream theories. 

El libro ofreció una perspectiva polémica contra las teorías principales.

vociferous
vociferous
[Adjetivo]

expressing feelings or opinions, loudly and forcefully

vociferante, vehemente

vociferante, vehemente

Ex: The protestors were vociferous in their demands for justice, chanting slogans and waving signs. 

Los manifestantes fueron vociferantes en sus demandas de justicia, coreando consignas y agitando pancartas.

airing
airing
[Sustantivo]

a public expression or discussion of opinions

aireación, ventilación

aireación, ventilación

aporia
aporia
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

aporía

aporía

argumentation
argumentation
[Sustantivo]

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

argumentación, argumento

argumentación, argumento

chameleon
chameleon
[Sustantivo]

someone whose opinion changes in accordance with the situation

camaleón

camaleón

casuistry
casuistry
[Sustantivo]

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

casuística

casuística

consensus
consensus
[Sustantivo]

an agreement reached by all members of a group

consenso

consenso

Ex: The political parties struggled to find consensus on the controversial immigration policy. 

Los partidos políticos lucharon por encontrar un consenso sobre la controvertida política de inmigración.

cornerstone
cornerstone
[Sustantivo]

the most important part of something on which its existence, success, or truth depends

piedra angular

piedra angular

Ex: The company's commitment to innovation is the cornerstone of its success. 

El compromiso de la empresa con la innovación es la piedra angular de su éxito.

declamation
declamation
[Sustantivo]

the art or practice of giving a speech or reciting a poem with expression and gestures, especially as an exercise for public speaking or performance

declamación, arte oratorio

declamación, arte oratorio

Ex: The actor's declamation of Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous 'I Have a Dream' speech moved the audience to tears with its heartfelt delivery. 

La declamación del actor del famoso discurso 'I Have a Dream' de Martin Luther King Jr. conmovió al público hasta las lágrimas con su entrega sincera.

doublethink
doublethink
[Sustantivo]

the state in which one holds two opposing ideas at the same time

doblepensar

doblepensar

eloquence
eloquence
[Sustantivo]

the ability to deliver a clear and strong message

elocuencia

elocuencia

Ex: The writer's eloquence brought the characters and emotions vividly to life. 

La elocuencia del escritor dio vida vívidamente a los personajes y las emociones.

exponent
exponent
[Sustantivo]

a supporter of a theory, belief, idea, etc. who tries to persuade others that it is true or good in order to gain their support

exponente, defensor

exponente, defensor

Ex: The senator is a prominent exponent of environmental protection laws. 

El senador es un exponente destacado de las leyes de protección ambiental.

gag
gag
[Sustantivo]

a limitation on freedom of speech or a restriction on dissemination of information

mordaza

mordaza

intransigence
intransigence
[Sustantivo]

unwillingness to agree about something or change one's views

intransigencia

intransigencia

Ex: Despite repeated requests, her intransigence prevented any compromise. 

A pesar de repetidas solicitudes, su intransigencia impidió cualquier compromiso.

maverick
maverick
[Sustantivo]

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

inconformista

inconformista

Ex: As a maverick, she challenged the status quo at every opportunity. 

Como un inconformista, desafió el statu quo en cada oportunidad.

slant
slant
[Sustantivo]

a biased or subjective angle in presenting information, often reflecting personal or ideological viewpoints

enfoque, punto de vista

enfoque, punto de vista

Ex: The documentary offered a refreshing slant on climate change. 

El documental ofreció un enfoque refrescante sobre el cambio climático.

syllogism
syllogism
[Sustantivo]

a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion that logically follows from them

silogismo

silogismo

Ex: Philosophers often use syllogisms to test the validity of their reasoning. 

Los filósofos a menudo utilizan silogismos para probar la validez de su razonamiento.

touche
touche
[interjección]

used humorously to show that someone has made a good point in an argument or discussion

tienes razón

tienes razón

Ex: Your critique of my argument's weak points was sharp, touché. 

Tu crítica de los puntos débiles de mi argumento fue aguda, touché.

to embroil
to embroil
[Verbo]

to involve someone in an argument, conflict, or complex situation

enredar

enredar

Ex: The journalist's investigative report unintentionally embroiled several public figures in a controversy. 

El reportaje de investigación del periodista involuntariamente involucró a varias figuras públicas en una controversia.

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