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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Argumentación

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la argumentación, como "avow", "posit", "credulous", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to avow
[Verbo]

to publicly state that something is the case

declarar

declarar

Ex: The scientist avowed the groundbreaking nature of their research findings during the conference .El científico **afirmó** la naturaleza innovadora de sus hallazgos de investigación durante la conferencia.

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

arbitrar

arbitrar

Ex: The parents asked their older child to arbitrate the argument between their younger siblings .Los padres le pidieron a su hijo mayor que **arbitrara** la discusión entre sus hermanos menores.

to express if one is for or against an idea or arguement

declararse en /en contra de algo

declararse en /en contra de algo

Ex: In the interview , the actor came out strongly against the controversial remarks made by a fellow colleague .En la entrevista, el actor **salió** fuertemente en contra de los comentarios controvertidos hechos por un colega.
to confute
[Verbo]

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

refutar

refutar

Ex: I will confute any doubts about my research findings .Voy a **refutar** cualquier duda sobre los hallazgos de mi investigación.

to estimate something using past experiences or known data

extrapolar

extrapolar

Ex: The economist extrapolated the impact of the policy on the nation ’s economy .El economista **extrapoló** el impacto de la política en la economía de la nación.

to suddenly interrupt someone with one’s own opinion or remark

interrumpir

interrumpir

to opine
[Verbo]

to express one's opinion

opinar

opinar

Ex: As a seasoned critic , he often used his reviews to opine on the artistic merits of different films and books .Como crítico experimentado, a menudo utilizaba sus reseñas para **opinar** sobre los méritos artísticos de diferentes películas y libros.

to state one's opinion in such a manner that shows one believes to be the only person to fully know it and be unarguably correct

pontificar

pontificar

Ex: They had been pontificating about the new policy without considering other viewpoints .Habían estado **pontificando** sobre la nueva política sin considerar otros puntos de vista.
to posit
[Verbo]

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

postular, plantear

postular, plantear

Ex: The computer scientist posited a new algorithm to improve computational efficiency in complex problem-solving tasks .El científico de la computación **postuló** un nuevo algoritmo para mejorar la eficiencia computacional en tareas complejas de resolución de problemas.

to back up or form the basis of an argument by providing support

apoyar, respaldar

apoyar, respaldar

to be undecided and not know what opinion, idea, or course of action to stick to

vacilar

vacilar

Ex: He has been vacillating on whether to move to a new city or stay where he is .Él ha estado **vacilando** sobre si mudarse a una nueva ciudad o quedarse donde está.
ad hominem
[Adjetivo]

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

ad hominem

ad hominem

bumptious
[Adjetivo]

too confident or proud in expressing oneself, in a way that is annoying to others

presuntuoso

presuntuoso

Ex: I find his bumptious remarks to be quite off-putting during conversations .Encuentro sus comentarios **pretenciosos** bastante desagradables durante las conversaciones.
credulous
[Adjetivo]

believing things easily even without much evidence that leads to being easy to deceive

crédulo

crédulo

Ex: The politician 's promises were taken at face value by his credulous supporters .Las promesas del político fueron tomadas al pie de la letra por sus seguidores **crédulos**.
dialectical
[Adjetivo]

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialéctico

dialéctico

Ex: Dialectical thinking encourages individuals to consider multiple perspectives and challenge their own assumptions .El pensamiento **dialéctico** anima a las personas a considerar múltiples perspectivas y desafiar sus propias suposiciones.
intermediary
[Adjetivo]

acting as a conversation medium between two groups of people so they can create an argument

intermediario

intermediario

non-committal
[Adjetivo]

not expressing one's definite opinion or intention clearly, especially in an argument

que no se compromete

que no se compromete

polemic
[Adjetivo]

involving rational arguments to support or oppose an opinion, usually the opposite of others'

polémico

polémico

Ex: The debate became increasingly polemic as the opposing sides argued passionately .El debate se volvió cada vez más **polémico** mientras los bandos opuestos discutían apasionadamente.
vociferous
[Adjetivo]

expressing feelings or opinions, loudly and forcefully

vociferante, vehemente

vociferante, vehemente

Ex: Despite her normally reserved demeanor , she became vociferous when defending her beliefs .A pesar de su actitud normalmente reservada, se volvió **vociferante** al defender sus creencias.
airing
[Sustantivo]

a public expression or discussion of opinions

aireación, ventilación

aireación, ventilación

aporia
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

aporía

aporía

argumentation
[Sustantivo]

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

argumentación, argumento

argumentación, argumento

chameleon
[Sustantivo]

someone whose opinion changes in accordance with the situation

camaleón

camaleón

casuistry
[Sustantivo]

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

casuística

casuística

consensus
[Sustantivo]

an agreement reached by all members of a group

consenso

consenso

Ex: Building consensus among family members was challenging , but they finally agreed on a vacation destination .Construir un **consenso** entre los miembros de la familia fue un desafío, pero finalmente acordaron un destino de vacaciones.
cornerstone
[Sustantivo]

the most important part of something on which its existence, success, or truth depends

piedra angular

piedra angular

Ex: Ethical practices form the cornerstone of our business philosophy .Las prácticas éticas forman la **piedra angular** de nuestra filosofía empresarial.
declamation
[Sustantivo]

the art or practice of giving a speech or reciting a poem with expression and gestures, especially as an exercise for public speaking or performance

declamación, arte oratorio

declamación, arte oratorio

Ex: The actor 's declamation of Martin Luther King Jr. 's famous ' I Have a Dream ' speech moved the audience to tears with its heartfelt delivery .La **declamación** del actor del famoso discurso 'I Have a Dream' de Martin Luther King Jr. conmovió al público hasta las lágrimas con su entrega sincera.
doublethink
[Sustantivo]

the state in which one holds two opposing ideas at the same time

doblepensar

doblepensar

eloquence
[Sustantivo]

the ability to deliver a clear and strong message

elocuencia

elocuencia

Ex: The teacher praised the student for the eloquence of their graduation speech .El profesor elogió al estudiante por la **elocuencia** de su discurso de graduación.
exponent
[Sustantivo]

a supporter of a theory, belief, idea, etc. who tries to persuade others that it is true or good in order to gain their support

exponente, defensor

exponente, defensor

Ex: He had been an exponent of free-market capitalism , often debating its merits with critics .Había sido un **exponente** del capitalismo de libre mercado, a menudo debatiendo sus méritos con los críticos.
gag
[Sustantivo]

a limitation on freedom of speech or a restriction on dissemination of information

mordaza

mordaza

intransigence
[Sustantivo]

unwillingness to agree about something or change one's views

intransigencia

intransigencia

Ex: The intransigence of the board members blocked the proposed reforms .
maverick
[Sustantivo]

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

inconformista

inconformista

Ex: In a room full of followers , he stood out as the maverick.En una habitación llena de seguidores, él destacaba como el **inconformista**.
slant
[Sustantivo]

a unique approach or perspective that is centered around a particular opinion

enfoque, punto de vista

enfoque, punto de vista

syllogism
[Sustantivo]

a type of logical argument that uses deductive reasoning to conclude based on two premises claimed or supposed to be true

silogismo

silogismo

touche
[interjección]

used humorously to show that someone has made a good point in an argument or discussion

tienes razón

tienes razón

Ex: I may have underestimated your ability to counter my remarks, touché.Puede que haya subestimado tu habilidad para contrarrestar mis comentarios, **touché**.
to embroil
[Verbo]

to involve someone in an argument, conflict, or complex situation

enredar

enredar

Ex: The politician 's statement inadvertently embroiled the entire party in a public relations crisis .La declaración del político **involucró** inadvertidamente a todo el partido en una crisis de relaciones públicas.
Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL
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