المفردات المتقدمة للاختبار TOEFL - Argumentation

to publicly state that something is the case

يُعلن

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

تحكيم

to express if one is for or against an idea or arguement

يعلن عن موقفه

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

دحض

to estimate something using past experiences or known data

يستنتج

to suddenly interrupt someone with one’s own opinion or remark

يتدخل

to express one's opinion

يعبّر عن رأيه

to state one's opinion in such a manner that shows one believes to be the only person to fully know it and be unarguably correct

يتحدث بتعالي

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

افترض

to back up or form the basis of an argument by providing support

تدعيم

to be undecided and not know what opinion, idea, or course of action to stick to

يتذبذب

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

أد هومينيم

extremely self-assertive in a way that annoys others

متغطرس

believing things easily even without much evidence that leads to being easy to deceive

ساذج

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

جدلي

acting as a conversation medium between two groups of people so they can create an argument

not expressing one's definite opinion or intention clearly, especially in an argument

غير ملزم

involving rational arguments to support or oppose an opinion, usually the opposite of others'

جدلي

expressing feelings or opinions, loudly and forcefully

صاخب

a public expression or discussion of opinions

عرض

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

الأبوريا

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

حجة

someone whose opinion changes in accordance with the situation

حربأء

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

الفكر الاستثنائي

an agreement reached by all members of a group

إجماع

the most important part of something on which its existence, success, or truth depends

حجر الزاوية

the art or practice of giving a speech or reciting a poem with expression and gestures, especially as an exercise for public speaking or performance

الإعلان

the state in which one holds two opposing ideas at the same time

فكر مزدوج

the ability to deliver a clear and strong message

بلاغة

a supporter of a theory, belief, idea, etc. who tries to persuade others that it is true or good in order to gain their support

مدافع

a limitation on freedom of speech or a restriction on dissemination of information

the state or quality of unwillingness to change one's opinion or behavior

التصلب

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

مُخالف

a unique approach or perspective that is centered around a particular opinion

منظور

a type of logical argument that uses deductive reasoning to conclude based on two premises claimed or supposed to be true

قياس

used humorously to show that someone has made a good point in an argument or discussion

أحسنت

to involve someone in an argument, conflict, or complex situation

تورط