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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Crimen y Castigo

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre crimen y castigo, como "convict", "alibi", "fraud", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
violation
[Sustantivo]

the act of breaking a legal code

violación

violación

assault
[Sustantivo]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

agresión

agresión

Ex: assault was captured on surveillance cameras , providing crucial evidence for the investigation .
investigation
[Sustantivo]

an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth

investigación

investigación

Ex: Law enforcement officials are carrying out investigation to uncover the truth behind the incident .
suspect
[Sustantivo]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

sospechoso

sospechoso

criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: criminal confessed to robbing the bank .
convict
[Sustantivo]

a person found guilty of a crime and sent to prison

convicto

convicto

Ex: convict's family visited him regularly , offering support and encouragement .

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

encarcelar

encarcelar

Ex: By the end of the day , the court will have imprisoned all suspects involved in the case .
alibi
[Sustantivo]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

coartada

coartada

Ex: alibi of attending a family gathering was corroborated by multiple family members .
to confess
[Verbo]

to admit, especially to the police or legal authorities, that one has committed a crime or has done something wrong

confesar

confesar

Ex: If the evidence is strong , the accused will confess during the trial .
confession
[Sustantivo]

a personal account where someone openly admits to their mistakes or reveals private details about their life

confesión

confesión

to breach
[Verbo]

to break an agreement, law, etc.

violar

violar

Ex: A legal dispute arose between the two parties due to one breaching the terms of the partnership agreement .
blackmail
[Sustantivo]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

chantaje

chantaje

Ex: The police launched an investigation into a case blackmail involving threatening letters sent to a local politician .
terrorism
[Sustantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws terrorism to protect national security .
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused vandalism in the local park .
kidnapping
[Sustantivo]

the act of taking someone against their will and imprisoning them

secuestro

secuestro

Ex: International agencies are working together to prevent kidnapping.
identity theft
[Sustantivo]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

usurpación de identidad, suplantación de identidad

usurpación de identidad, suplantación de identidad

Ex: He discovered identity theft when he received bills for purchases he never made .
fraud
[Sustantivo]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

fraude

fraude

Ex: She was shocked to learn that her identity had been stolen and used fraud, leaving her with a damaged credit score .
hijack
[Sustantivo]

seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination

secuestro

secuestro

human trafficking
[Sustantivo]

the crime of transporting or controlling people and forcing them to work in the sex trade or other forms of forced labor

trata de personas

trata de personas

shoplifting
[Sustantivo]

the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them

hurto

hurto

Ex: The security team implemented new measures to shoplifting.
pickpocketing
[Sustantivo]

the action of stealing from a person's pocket or bag

robar a alguien la cartera

robar a alguien la cartera

mugging
[Sustantivo]

the act of threatening someone or beating them in order to gain some money

asalto

asalto

Ex: mugging left him without his wallet and phone .
bribery
[Sustantivo]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

soborno

soborno

Ex: The anti-corruption campaign aims to raise awareness about the dangers bribery in both public and private sectors .
capital punishment
[Sustantivo]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

pena capital

pena capital

Ex: Capital punishment is reserved for crimes deemed most severe under the law , such as murder .
life sentence
[Sustantivo]

the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime

cadena perpetua, condena a perpetuidad

cadena perpetua, condena a perpetuidad

Ex: The notorious criminal was finally apprehended and given life sentences for his violent crimes .
sentence
[Sustantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentencia

sentencia

Ex: He received a sentence for robbery .
offense
[Sustantivo]

any act that is against a law

infracción

infracción

attempted
[Adjetivo]

(of a crime, suicide, etc.) not done successfully

intento de, tentativa

intento de, tentativa

Ex: He was charged with attempted murder after the altercation.
to capture
[Verbo]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

capturar

capturar

Ex: Last year , the captured a specimen of a rare butterfly species .
to condemn
[Verbo]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

condenar

condenar

Ex: The condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .
corrupt
[Adjetivo]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

corrupto

corrupto

Ex: corrupt police officers extorted money from citizens by threatening false charges .
to fine
[Verbo]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

multar

multar

Ex: He fined for littering in a public area .
penalty
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a rule or law

castigo

castigo

Ex: penalty was imposed for dumping waste into the river .
custody
[Sustantivo]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

detención

detención

Ex: The inmate was released custody after serving his sentence .
hostage
[Sustantivo]

someone held prisoner by a person or group who will be set free if the demands of that person or group are met

rehén

rehén

Ex: After hours of negotiation , the police successfully freed hostage and apprehended the criminals .
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

inocente

inocente

Ex: innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .
guilty
[Adjetivo]

having done something that is not legal offense

culpable

culpable

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