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Nödvändigt Ordförråd för TOEFL - Brott och Straff

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om brott och straff, såsom "fånge", "alibi", "bedrägeri" etc. som behövs för TOEFL-provet.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
violation
violation
[Substantiv]

the act of breaking a legal code

överträdelse, brott

överträdelse, brott

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assault
assault
[Substantiv]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

överfall, misshandel

överfall, misshandel

Ex: He was arrested and charged with assault. 
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investigation
investigation
[Substantiv]

an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth

utredning,  undersökning

utredning, undersökning

Ex: The detective launched an investigation into the missing jewelry. 
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suspect
suspect
[Substantiv]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

misstänkt

misstänkt

Ex: The police arrested the suspect after matching his fingerprints. 
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criminal
criminal
[Substantiv]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

brottsling, kriminell

brottsling, kriminell

Ex: The criminal was sentenced to several years in prison. 
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convict
convict
[Substantiv]

a person serving a prison sentence after being found guilty of a crime

fånge,  straffad

fånge, straffad

Ex: Two convicts were transferred to another prison on Tuesday. 
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to imprison

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

fängsla, inspärra

fängsla, inspärra

Ex: Last year, the judge successfully imprisoned the embezzler for financial fraud. 

Förra året lyckades domaren framgångsrikt fängsla förskingraren för ekonomisk bedrägeri.

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alibi
alibi
[Substantiv]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: Without a credible alibi, the prosecution struggled to prove the suspect's involvement in the robbery. 

Utan en trovärdig alibi kämpade åklagaren för att bevisa den misstänktes inblandning i rånet.

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to confess

to admit that one has committed a crime or done something wrong

erkänna,  bekänna

erkänna, bekänna

Ex: The man confessed to stealing several cars. 
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confession
confession
[Substantiv]

a formal statement made by a person admitting that they are guilty of a crime

bekännelse,  tillståndelse

bekännelse, tillståndelse

Ex: The priest provided spiritual guidance to the prisoner after hearing his confession. 

Prästen gav den fångne andlig vägledning efter att ha hört hans bekännelse.

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to breach
to breach
[Verb]

to break an agreement, law, etc.

bryta, överträda

bryta, överträda

Ex: The company was accused of breaching the contract. 
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blackmail
blackmail
[Substantiv]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

utpressning, utpressning

utpressning, utpressning

Ex: Blackmail is considered a serious offense in many jurisdictions and can result in significant legal consequences. 

Utpressning anses vara ett allvarligt brott i många jurisdiktioner och kan leda till betydande juridiska konsekvenser.

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terrorism
terrorism
[Substantiv]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorism

terrorism

Ex: The government implemented stricter security measures to combat terrorism. 

Regeringen införde strängare säkerhetsåtgärder för att bekämpa terrorism.

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vandalism
vandalism
[Substantiv]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalism

vandalism

Ex: He was arrested for vandalism after being caught spray-painting graffiti on a building wall. 

Han greps för vandalism efter att ha påträffats spraya graffiti på en byggnadsvägg.

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kidnapping
kidnapping
[Substantiv]

the act of taking someone against their will and imprisoning them

kidnappning, bortförande

kidnappning, bortförande

Ex: The movie was based on a real-life kidnapping case. 

Filmen var baserad på ett verkligt kidnappningsfall.

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identity theft
identity theft
[Substantiv]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

identitetsstöld, identitetsbedrägeri

identitetsstöld, identitetsbedrägeri

Ex: The company offered free credit monitoring to customers affected by the identity theft breach. 

Företaget erbjöd gratis kreditövervakning till kunder som drabbats av intrånget i identitetsstöld.

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fraud
fraud
[Substantiv]

the crime or act of deliberately deceiving someone in order to gain money or an unfair advantage

bedrägeri

bedrägeri

Ex: The police uncovered a large insurance fraud. 
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hijack
hijack
[Substantiv]

the unlawful seizure of a vehicle in transit, usually to rob it or force it to change course

kapning, piratverksamhet

kapning, piratverksamhet

Ex: The ship's hijack ended after negotiations with the captors. 

Kapningen av skeppet slutade efter förhandlingar med kaparna.

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human trafficking
human trafficking
[Substantiv]

the illegal trade of people for forced labor, sexual exploitation, or other forms of coercion

människohandel, människotrafficking

människohandel, människotrafficking

Ex: Efforts to combat human trafficking include international cooperation. 

Ansträngningar för att bekämpa människohandel inkluderar internationellt samarbete.

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shoplifting
shoplifting
[Substantiv]

the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them

butikstöld, snatteri

butikstöld, snatteri

Ex: Shoplifting affects both small businesses and large retailers. 

Butikstöld påverkar både småföretag och stora detaljhandlare.

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pickpocketing
pickpocketing
[Substantiv]

the action of stealing from a person's pocket or bag

ficktjuv, pickpocketing

ficktjuv, pickpocketing

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mugging
mugging
[Substantiv]

the act of threatening someone or beating them in order to gain some money

rån, misshandel för att stjäla pengar

rån, misshandel för att stjäla pengar

Ex: The police arrested a suspect involved in a mugging downtown. 

Polisen arresterade en misstänkt som var inblandad i ett rån i centrum.

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bribery
bribery
[Substantiv]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

mutor,  korruption

mutor, korruption

Ex: He was fired from his position when the company found out he was involved in bribery to secure business deals. 

Han sparkades från sin position när företaget upptäckte att han var inblandad i mutor för att säkra affärsuppgörelser.

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capital punishment
capital punishment
[Substantiv]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

dödsstraff, huvudstraff

dödsstraff, huvudstraff

Ex: Many human rights organizations advocate against the use of capital punishment. 

Många människorättsorganisationer förespråkar mot användningen av dödsstraff.

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life sentence
life sentence
[Substantiv]

the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime

livstids fängelse

livstids fängelse

Ex: The victim's family found closure knowing that the perpetrator received a life sentence. 

Offrets familj fick lugn i vetskapen om att förövaren fick livstids fängelse.

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sentence
sentence
[Substantiv]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

straff, dom

straff, dom

Ex: The court imposed a severe sentence. 
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offense
offense
[Substantiv]

any act that is against a law

överträdelse, brott

överträdelse, brott

Ex: Driving without a valid license is an offense. 
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attempted
attempted
[adjektiv]

(of a crime, suicide, etc.) not done successfully

försök

försök

Ex: The authorities responded to an attempted break-in at the store. 

Myndigheterna svarade på ett försök till inbrott i butiken.

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to capture

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

fånga, ta till fånga

fånga, ta till fånga

Ex: The police captured the escaped prisoner near the border. 
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to condemn

to officially sentence someone to a particular punishment

döma,  fördöma

döma, fördöma

Ex: She had been condemned to five years of imprisonment. 
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corrupt
corrupt
[adjektiv]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

korrupt, mutad

korrupt, mutad

Ex: The corrupt CEO manipulated financial statements to deceive investors and inflate company profits. 

Den korrupta VD:n manipulerade finansiella rapporter för att lura investerare och blåsa upp företagets vinster.

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to fine
to fine
[Verb]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

bötfälla, pålägga en bot

bötfälla, pålägga en bot

Ex: The company was fined heavily for violating environmental regulations. 
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penalty
penalty
[Substantiv]

an amount of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a rule or law

böter, straff

böter, straff

Ex: Drivers may face a penalty for parking in a restricted area. 
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custody
custody
[Substantiv]

the state of being kept under legal restraint by the police or other authorities, especially while awaiting trial

häkte, förvar

häkte, förvar

Ex: The judge ordered him to remain in custody until his trial. 
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hostage
hostage
[Substantiv]

someone held prisoner by a person or group who will be set free if the demands of that person or group are met

gisslan, fånge

gisslan, fånge

Ex: The government refused to negotiate with terrorists who had taken a diplomat hostage. 

Regeringen vägrade att förhandla med terrorister som hade tagit en diplomat som gisslan.

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innocent
innocent
[adjektiv]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

Ex: She was innocent of any involvement in the fraud. 
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guilty
guilty
[adjektiv]

having done something that is not legal offense

skyldig

skyldig

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