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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - 罪と罰
ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「有罪判決を受けた人」、「アリバイ」、「詐欺」などの犯罪と罰に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。
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an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person
暴行, 攻撃
an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth
調査, 捜査
someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence
容疑者
a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity
犯罪者, 刑事
a person found guilty of a crime and sent to prison
受刑者, 囚人
to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go
投獄する, 監禁する
proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it
アリバイ
to admit, especially to the police or legal authorities, that one has committed a crime or has done something wrong
自白する, 認める
a personal account where someone openly admits to their mistakes or reveals private details about their life
自白, 告白
to break an agreement, law, etc.
違反する, 破る
the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them
恐喝, 強要
the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power
テロリズム
the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization
破壊行為
the act of taking someone against their will and imprisoning them
誘拐, 拉致
the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods
個人情報盗難, なりすまし
the act of cheating in order to make illegal money
詐欺, 不正
seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination
ハイジャック, 乗っ取り
the crime of transporting or controlling people and forcing them to work in the sex trade or other forms of forced labor
人身売買, 人間の密輸
the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them
万引き, 店舗内窃盗
the act of threatening someone or beating them in order to gain some money
強盗, 暴行を加えて金を奪うこと
the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage
賄賂, 汚職
the killing of a criminal as punishment
死刑, 極刑
the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime
終身刑
the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person
刑, 判決
any act that is against a law
違反, 犯罪
(of a crime, suicide, etc.) not done successfully
未遂
to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner
捕まえる, 捕獲する
to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime
非難する, 厳しく罰する
using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit
腐敗した, 不正な
to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law
罰金を科す, 過料を課す
an amount of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a rule or law
罰金, ペナルティ
a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried
拘留, 拘置
someone held prisoner by a person or group who will be set free if the demands of that person or group are met
人質, 囚人
not having committed a wrongdoing or offense
無罪の, 潔白な
| TOEFL のための基本語彙 |
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