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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL - Crimine e Punizione

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sul crimine e la punizione, come "condannato", "alibi", "frode", ecc., necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
violation
[sostantivo]

the act of breaking a legal code

violazione

violazione

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assault
[sostantivo]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

attacco

attacco

Ex: The assault was captured on surveillance cameras , providing crucial evidence for the investigation .L'**aggressione** è stata ripresa dalle telecamere di sorveglianza, fornendo prove cruciali per l'indagine.
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investigation
[sostantivo]

an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth

investigazione

investigazione

Ex: Law enforcement officials are carrying out an investigation to uncover the truth behind the incident .I funzionari delle forze dell'ordine stanno conducendo un'**indagine** per scoprire la verità dietro l'incidente.
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suspect
[sostantivo]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

sospetto

sospetto

Ex: Despite being a suspect, he insisted he was innocent until proven guilty .
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criminal
[sostantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminale

criminale

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .Il **criminale** ha confessato di aver rapinato la banca.
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convict
[sostantivo]

a person found guilty of a crime and sent to prison

condannato

condannato

Ex: The convict's family visited him regularly , offering support and encouragement .La famiglia del **condannato** lo visitava regolarmente, offrendo sostegno e incoraggiamento.
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to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

imprigionare

imprigionare

Ex: By the end of the day , the court will have hopefully imprisoned all suspects involved in the case .Entro la fine della giornata, si spera che il tribunale abbia **imprigionato** tutti i sospettati coinvolti nel caso.
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alibi
[sostantivo]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: Her alibi of attending a family gathering was corroborated by multiple family members .Il suo **alibi** di aver partecipato a un raduno familiare è stato corroborato da più membri della famiglia.
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to confess
[Verbo]

to admit, especially to the police or legal authorities, that one has committed a crime or has done something wrong

confessare

confessare

Ex: If the evidence is strong , the accused will likely confess during the trial .Se le prove sono solide, l'imputato probabilmente **confesserà** durante il processo.
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confession
[sostantivo]

a personal account where someone openly admits to their mistakes or reveals private details about their life

confessione

confessione

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to breach
[Verbo]

to break an agreement, law, etc.

il venir meno

il venir meno

Ex: A legal dispute arose between the two parties due to one side breaching the terms of the partnership agreement .È sorta una controversia legale tra le due parti a causa di una **violazione** dei termini dell'accordo di partnership da parte di una delle parti.
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blackmail
[sostantivo]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

ricatto

ricatto

Ex: The police launched an investigation into a case of blackmail involving threatening letters sent to a local politician .La polizia ha avviato un'indagine su un caso di **ricatto** che coinvolge lettere minatorie inviate a un politico locale.
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terrorism
[sostantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security .Molti paesi stanno rafforzando le loro leggi contro il **terrorismo** per proteggere la sicurezza nazionale.
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vandalism
[sostantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .I volontari hanno organizzato uno sforzo di pulizia per riparare i danni causati dal **vandalismo** nel parco locale.
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kidnapping
[sostantivo]

the act of taking someone against their will and imprisoning them

rapimento

rapimento

Ex: International agencies are working together to prevent child kidnapping.Le agenzie internazionali stanno lavorando insieme per prevenire il **rapimento** di bambini.
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identity theft
[sostantivo]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

furto di identità

furto di identità

Ex: He discovered the identity theft when he received bills for purchases he never made .Ha scoperto il **furto d'identità** quando ha ricevuto fatture per acquisti che non aveva mai fatto.
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fraud
[sostantivo]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

frode

frode

Ex: She was shocked to learn that her identity had been stolen and used for fraud, leaving her with a damaged credit score .È rimasta scioccata nello scoprire che la sua identità era stata rubata e utilizzata per una **frode**, lasciandola con un punteggio di credito danneggiato.
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hijack
[sostantivo]

seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination

dirottare

dirottare

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human trafficking
[sostantivo]

the crime of transporting or controlling people and forcing them to work in the sex trade or other forms of forced labor

traffico di esseri umani

traffico di esseri umani

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shoplifting
[sostantivo]

the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them

taccheggio

taccheggio

Ex: The security team implemented new measures to prevent shoplifting.Il team della sicurezza ha implementato nuove misure per prevenire il **taccheggio**.
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pickpocketing
[sostantivo]

the action of stealing from a person's pocket or bag

borseggiatori

borseggiatori

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mugging
[sostantivo]

the act of threatening someone or beating them in order to gain some money

scippo

scippo

Ex: The mugging left him without his wallet and phone .La **rapina** lo ha lasciato senza portafoglio e telefono.
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bribery
[sostantivo]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

subornazione

subornazione

Ex: The anti-corruption campaign aims to raise awareness about the dangers of bribery in both public and private sectors .La campagna anti-corruzione mira a sensibilizzare sui pericoli della **corruzione** nei settori pubblico e privato.
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capital punishment
[sostantivo]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

pena capitale

pena capitale

Ex: Capital punishment is reserved for crimes deemed most severe under the law , such as murder .La **pena capitale** è riservata per i crimini considerati più gravi secondo la legge, come l'omicidio.
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life sentence
[sostantivo]

the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime

condanna a vita

condanna a vita

Ex: The notorious criminal was finally apprehended and given multiple life sentences for his violent crimes .Il criminale notorio è stato finalmente catturato e condannato a più **ergastoli** per i suoi crimini violenti.
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sentence
[sostantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentenza

sentenza

Ex: He received a ten-year sentence for robbery .Ha ricevuto una **condanna** di dieci anni per rapina.
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offense
[sostantivo]

any act that is against a law

offesa

offesa

Ex: He was arrested for a minor offense, but was released with a warning .
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attempted
[aggettivo]

(of a crime, suicide, etc.) not done successfully

tentato

tentato

Ex: He was charged with attempted murder after the altercation.È stato accusato di **tentato** omicidio dopo l'alterco.
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to capture
[Verbo]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

catturare

catturare

Ex: Last year , the researchers captured a specimen of a rare butterfly species .L'anno scorso, i ricercatori hanno **catturato** un esemplare di una rara specie di farfalla.
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to condemn
[Verbo]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

condannare

condannare

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .Il tribunale ha **condannato** il signore della droga a decenni dietro le sbarre per il traffico di grandi quantità di sostanze illegali.
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corrupt
[aggettivo]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

corrotto

corrotto

Ex: The corrupt police officers extorted money from citizens by threatening false charges .Gli agenti di polizia **corrotti** estorcevano denaro ai cittadini minacciando false accuse.
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to fine
[Verbo]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

multare

multare

Ex: He was fined for littering in a public area .È stato **multato** per aver gettato rifiuti in un'area pubblica.
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penalty
[sostantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a rule or law

multa

multa

Ex: A penalty was imposed for dumping waste into the river .È stata inflitta una **penale** per lo smaltimento di rifiuti nel fiume.
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custody
[sostantivo]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

custodia

custodia

Ex: The inmate was released from custody after serving his sentence .Il detenuto è stato rilasciato dalla **custodia** dopo aver scontato la sua condanna.
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hostage
[sostantivo]

someone held prisoner by a person or group who will be set free if the demands of that person or group are met

ostaggio

ostaggio

Ex: After hours of negotiation , the police successfully freed the hostage and apprehended the criminals .Dopo ore di trattative, la polizia è riuscita a liberare **l'ostaggio** e a catturare i criminali.
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innocent
[aggettivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

innocente

innocente

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .L'autista **innocente** non era in torto per l'incidente automobilistico causato dalla negligenza dell'altro conducente.
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guilty
[aggettivo]

having done something that is not legal offense

in colpa

in colpa

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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL
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