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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL - Crimine e Punizione

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sul crimine e la punizione, come "condannato", "alibi", "frode", ecc., necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
violation
violation
[sostantivo]

the act of breaking a legal code

violazione

violazione

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assault
assault
[sostantivo]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

attacco

attacco

Ex: The assault was captured on surveillance cameras, providing crucial evidence for the investigation. 
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investigation
investigation
[sostantivo]

an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth

investigazione

investigazione

Ex: Law enforcement officials are carrying out an investigation to uncover the truth behind the incident. 
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suspect
suspect
[sostantivo]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

sospetto

sospetto

Ex: Despite being a suspect, he insisted he was innocent until proven guilty. 
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criminal
criminal
[sostantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminale

criminale

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank. 
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convict
convict
[sostantivo]

a person serving a prison sentence after being found guilty of a crime

condannato

condannato

Ex: The former guard admitted helping a convict smuggle a phone into the facility. 
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to imprison

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

imprigionare

imprigionare

Ex: By the end of the day, the court will have hopefully imprisoned all suspects involved in the case. 

Entro la fine della giornata, si spera che il tribunale abbia imprigionato tutti i sospettati coinvolti nel caso.

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alibi
alibi
[sostantivo]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: Her alibi of attending a family gathering was corroborated by multiple family members. 

Il suo alibi di aver partecipato a un raduno familiare è stato corroborato da più membri della famiglia.

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to confess
to confess
[Verbo]

to admit that one has committed a crime or done something wrong

confessare

confessare

Ex: After seeing the evidence, he finally confessed. 
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confession
confession
[sostantivo]

a formal statement made by a person admitting that they are guilty of a crime

confessione

confessione

Ex: The confession was pivotal in solving the cold case that had baffled investigators for years. 

La confessione è stata fondamentale per risolvere il caso irrisolto che aveva lasciato perplessi gli investigatori per anni.

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to breach
to breach
[Verbo]

to break an agreement, law, etc.

il venir meno

il venir meno

Ex: A legal dispute arose between the two parties due to one side breaching the terms of the partnership agreement. 
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blackmail
blackmail
[sostantivo]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

ricatto

ricatto

Ex: The police launched an investigation into a case of blackmail involving threatening letters sent to a local politician. 

La polizia ha avviato un'indagine su un caso di ricatto che coinvolge lettere minatorie inviate a un politico locale.

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terrorism
terrorism
[sostantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security. 

Molti paesi stanno rafforzando le loro leggi contro il terrorismo per proteggere la sicurezza nazionale.

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vandalism
vandalism
[sostantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park. 

I volontari hanno organizzato uno sforzo di pulizia per riparare i danni causati dal vandalismo nel parco locale.

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kidnapping
kidnapping
[sostantivo]

the act of taking someone against their will and imprisoning them

rapimento

rapimento

Ex: International agencies are working together to prevent child kidnapping. 

Le agenzie internazionali stanno lavorando insieme per prevenire il rapimento di bambini.

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identity theft
identity theft
[sostantivo]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

furto di identità

furto di identità

Ex: He discovered the identity theft when he received bills for purchases he never made. 

Ha scoperto il furto d'identità quando ha ricevuto fatture per acquisti che non aveva mai fatto.

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fraud
fraud
[sostantivo]

the crime or act of deliberately deceiving someone in order to gain money or an unfair advantage

frode

frode

Ex: He lost thousands of dollars as a result of the fraud. 
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hijack
hijack
[sostantivo]

the unlawful seizure of a vehicle in transit, usually to rob it or force it to change course

dirottare

dirottare

Ex: The movie depicts a dramatic train hijack. 

Il film raffigura un drammatico dirottamento di un treno.

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human trafficking
human trafficking
[sostantivo]

the illegal trade of people for forced labor, sexual exploitation, or other forms of coercion

traffico di esseri umani

traffico di esseri umani

Ex: Many NGOs work to support survivors of human trafficking. 

Molte ONG lavorano per sostenere i sopravvissuti alla tratta di esseri umani.

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shoplifting
shoplifting
[sostantivo]

the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them

taccheggio

taccheggio

Ex: The security team implemented new measures to prevent shoplifting. 

Il team della sicurezza ha implementato nuove misure per prevenire il taccheggio.

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pickpocketing
pickpocketing
[sostantivo]

the action of stealing from a person's pocket or bag

borseggiatori

borseggiatori

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mugging
mugging
[sostantivo]

the act of threatening someone or beating them in order to gain some money

scippo

scippo

Ex: The mugging left him without his wallet and phone. 

La rapina lo ha lasciato senza portafoglio e telefono.

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bribery
bribery
[sostantivo]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

subornazione

subornazione

Ex: The anti-corruption campaign aims to raise awareness about the dangers of bribery in both public and private sectors. 

La campagna anti-corruzione mira a sensibilizzare sui pericoli della corruzione nei settori pubblico e privato.

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capital punishment
capital punishment
[sostantivo]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

pena capitale

pena capitale

Ex: Capital punishment is reserved for crimes deemed most severe under the law, such as murder. 

La pena capitale è riservata per i crimini considerati più gravi secondo la legge, come l'omicidio.

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life sentence
life sentence
[sostantivo]

the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime

condanna a vita

condanna a vita

Ex: The notorious criminal was finally apprehended and given multiple life sentences for his violent crimes. 

Il noto criminale è stato finalmente catturato e condannato a più ergastoli per i suoi crimini violenti.

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sentence
sentence
[sostantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentenza

sentenza

Ex: He received a ten-year sentence for robbery. 
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offense
offense
[sostantivo]

any act that is against a law

offesa

offesa

Ex: He was arrested for a minor offense, but was released with a warning. 
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attempted
attempted
[aggettivo]

(of a crime, suicide, etc.) not done successfully

tentato

tentato

Ex: He was charged with attempted murder after the altercation. 

È stato accusato di tentato omicidio dopo la lite.

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to capture
to capture
[Verbo]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

catturare

catturare

Ex: Last year, the researchers captured a specimen of a rare butterfly species. 
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to condemn
to condemn
[Verbo]

to officially sentence someone to a particular punishment

condannare

condannare

Ex: The defendant was condemned to pay a substantial fine. 
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corrupt
corrupt
[aggettivo]

using one's power or authority to do illegal things for personal gain or financial benefit

corrotto

corrotto

Ex: The corrupt police officers extorted money from citizens by threatening false charges. 

Gli agenti di polizia corrotti estorcevano denaro ai cittadini minacciando false accuse.

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to fine
to fine
[Verbo]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

multare

multare

Ex: The airline was fined for overbooking flights and causing significant delays. 
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penalty
penalty
[sostantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a rule or law

multa

multa

Ex: A penalty was imposed for dumping waste into the river. 
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custody
custody
[sostantivo]

the state of being kept under legal restraint by the police or other authorities, especially while awaiting trial

custodia

custodia

Ex: Three people are currently being held in custody. 
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hostage
hostage
[sostantivo]

someone held prisoner by a person or group who will be set free if the demands of that person or group are met

ostaggio

ostaggio

Ex: After hours of negotiation, the police successfully freed the hostage and apprehended the criminals. 
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innocent
innocent
[aggettivo]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

innocente

innocente

Ex: Police later confirmed that the suspect was innocent. 
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guilty
guilty
[aggettivo]

having done something that is not legal offense

in colpa

in colpa

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