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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL - Geography

Here you will learn some English words about geography, such as "tropic", "hilly", "slope", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
[noun]
a field of science that studies the formation of the structure of the Earth and its history
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hemisphere
[noun]
one half of the earth divided by the equator
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altitude
[noun]
the distance between an object or point and sea level
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latitude
[noun]
the distance of a point north or south of the equator that is measured in degrees
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continental
[adjective]
relating to or characteristic of any continent
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longitude
[noun]
the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees
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tropic
[noun]
each of the two parallel and imaginary lines around the earth that is 23°26ʹ south or north of the equator
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tropical
[adjective]
situated in or from the hottest parts of the world at the sides of the equator
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horizon
[noun]
the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other
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equator
[noun]
a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres
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peninsula
[noun]
a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land
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highland
[noun]
land with mountains or hills
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inland
[adjective]
located away from the coast
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hilly
[adjective]
having many hills
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terrain
[noun]
an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features
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slope
[noun]
a stretch of land forming part of a hill or mountain
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pole
[noun]
the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation
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ravine
[noun]
a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream
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branch
[noun]
a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part
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current
[noun]
flow or movement of water or air in a specific direction
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tide
[noun]
the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon
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gulf
[noun]
an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening
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coastal
[adjective]
situated on or near a coast
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crater
[noun]
the round top of a volcano
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lava
[noun]
a substance from the inner layers of the Earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain
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iceberg
[noun]
a very large floating piece of ice
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glacier
[noun]
a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains
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canyon
[noun]
a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually
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reef
[noun]
a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water
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coral reef
[noun]
a natural underwater structure formed by coral
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pond
[noun]
an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially
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marine
[adjective]
related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there
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peak
[noun]
the pointed top of a mountain; a mountain that has a pointed top
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