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the branch of philosophy that studies moral values and principles

فلسفه اخلاق, علم اخلاق، اخلاقیات

the branch of philosophy in which knowledge is studied

معرفت‌شناسی, شناخت‌شناسی

a system of thought based on human values and nature in which solving human problems is considered more important than religious beliefs

انسان‌گرایی, اومانیسم

a branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts such as existence or reality

متافیزیک, فلسفه فراطبیعی، مابعدالطبیعه

the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality

هستی‌شناسی, آنتولوژی

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

جبرگرایی, تعیین‌گرایی

a system of belief that the highest of good is when one is in the pursuit of pleasure

لذت‌گرایی (فلسفه), هدونیسم

(philosophy) the belief that the physical world is either a product of the mind, or is entirely subjective and exists only in the mind

(فلسفه) مینوگروی, (فلسفه) ایدئالیسم

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

تجربه‌گرایی

a philosophical theory according to which the world has no meaning and humans are free and responsible for their actions

اگزیستانسیالیسم, هستی‌گرایی

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

ماده‌گرایی, ماتریالیسم

a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

هیچ‌انگاری, نیهیلیسم

a philosophical system based on things that can be proved by logic or experienced with the senses, rejecting metaphysics and theism

اثبات‌گرایی

a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions

عمل‌گرایی, پراگماتیسم

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

خردگرایی, عقل‌گرایی

a system of philosophy based on religious scripts and principles and Aristotelian logic, taught in medieval European universities

اسکولاستیسم, فلسفه مدرسی

the philosophical theory that certain knowledge is unattainable

شک‌گرایی, شکاکیت

an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason

رواقی‌گری, فلسفه رواقیون

a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth

ذهنیت‌گرایی, سوبژکتیویسم

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

سودگرایی, فایده‌گرایی

the branch of philosophy concerned with things that exist and can be seen, felt, etc. as opposed to what may actually be their real existence

پدیدارشناسی, پدیده‌شناسی

‌the feeling that one is different from others and therefore not part of a particular group

بیگانگی, ناهمبستگی

using the previous knowledge, reasoning, or general facts to decide the likely result of something

استنتاجی, بر اساس دانش قبلی

using observation or experience to determine the probable cause of something

استقرایی

the state of existing

وجود, هستی، بودن

non-existence; a state in which nothing exists

نیستی, هیچی، پوچی

the state of being sensible and aware

آگاهی, فهم

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

اصول جزمی, عقاید تعصب‌آمیز

sensible methods of thinking and decision making, especially ones that are based on reasonable judgment

منطق, استدلال

attitudes or manners exhibiting high moral standards

تقوا, فضیلت

the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of beauty and art

زیبایی‌شناسی

the quality of being knowledgeable, experienced, and able to make good decisions and judgments

درایت, فرزانگی

a teacher of philosophy and rhetoric in ancient Greek with a skeptical attitude

سوفیست, سوفسطایی