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TOEFL için Gelişmiş Kelime Bilgisi - Düşünüyorum öyleyse varım!

Burada TOEFL sınavı için gerekli olan "etik", "nihilizm", "varlık" vb. gibi düşünmeyle ilgili bazı İngilizce kelimeleri öğreneceksiniz.

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Öğrenmeye başla
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
ethics

the branch of philosophy that studies moral values and principles

ahlak bilimi

ahlak bilimi

[isim]
epistemology

the branch of philosophy in which knowledge is studied

epistemoloji

epistemoloji

[isim]
humanism

a system of thought based on human values and nature in which solving human problems is considered more important than religious beliefs

hümanizm, insancıllık

hümanizm, insancıllık

[isim]
metaphysics

a branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts such as existence or reality

metafizik

metafizik

[isim]
ontology

the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality

ontoloji, varlıkbilim

ontoloji, varlıkbilim

[isim]
determinism

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

gerekircilik

gerekircilik

[isim]
hedonism

a system of belief that the highest of good is when one is in the pursuit of pleasure

hazcılık

hazcılık

[isim]
idealism

(philosophy) the belief that the physical world is either a product of the mind, or is entirely subjective and exists only in the mind

idealizm

idealizm

[isim]
empiricism

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

deneycilik

deneycilik

[isim]
existentialism

a philosophical theory according to which the world has no meaning and humans are free and responsible for their actions

varoluşçuluk

varoluşçuluk

[isim]
materialism

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materyalizm

materyalizm

[isim]
nihilism

a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

nihilizm

nihilizm

[isim]
positivism

a philosophical system based on things that can be proved by logic or experienced with the senses, rejecting metaphysics and theism

olguculuk

olguculuk

[isim]
pragmatism

a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions

pragmatizm

pragmatizm

[isim]
rationalism

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

akılcılık

akılcılık

[isim]
scholasticism

a system of philosophy based on religious scripts and principles and Aristotelian logic, taught in medieval European universities

skolastik felsefe

skolastik felsefe

[isim]
skepticism

the philosophical theory that certain knowledge is unattainable

kuşkuculuk

kuşkuculuk

[isim]
stoicism

an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason

stoik felsefe

stoik felsefe

[isim]
subjectivism

a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth

sübjektivizm

sübjektivizm

[isim]
utilitarianism

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

menfaatçılık

menfaatçılık

[isim]
phenomenology

the branch of philosophy concerned with things that exist and can be seen, felt, etc. as opposed to what may actually be their real existence

fenomenoloji

fenomenoloji

[isim]
alienation

‌the feeling that one is different from others and therefore not part of a particular group

yabancılaşma

yabancılaşma

[isim]
a priori

using the previous knowledge, reasoning, or general facts to decide the likely result of something

öncüllerden sonuç olunan

öncüllerden sonuç olunan

[sıfat]
a posteriori

using observation or experience to determine the probable cause of something

a posteriori

a posteriori

[sıfat]
being

the state of existing

varlık

varlık

[isim]
nothingness

non-existence; a state in which nothing exists

hiçlik

hiçlik

[isim]
consciousness

the state of being sensible and aware

bilinç

bilinç

[isim]
dogma

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogma

dogma

[isim]
logic

sensible methods of thinking and decision making, especially ones that are based on reasonable judgment

mantık

mantık

[isim]
virtue

attitudes or manners exhibiting high moral standards

erdem

erdem

[isim]
aesthetics

the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of beauty and art

estetik ilmi

estetik ilmi

[isim]
wisdom

the quality of being knowledgeable, experienced, and able to make good decisions and judgments

akıllılık

akıllılık

[isim]
sophist

a teacher of philosophy and rhetoric in ancient Greek with a skeptical attitude

sofist

sofist

[isim]
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