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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Myslím, tedy jsem!
Zde se naučíte některá anglická slovíčka o myšlení, jako je „etika“, „nihilismus“, „bytí“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.
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the branch of philosophy that studies moral values and principles
etika
the branch of philosophy in which knowledge is studied
epistemologie
a system of thought based on human values and nature in which solving human problems is considered more important than religious beliefs
humanismus
a branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts such as existence or reality
metafyzika
the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality
ontologie
the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds
determinismus
a system of belief that the highest of good is when one is in the pursuit of pleasure
hedonismus
(philosophy) the belief that the physical world is either a product of the mind, or is entirely subjective and exists only in the mind
idealismus, idealismus
a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience
empirismus
a philosophical theory according to which the world has no meaning and humans are free and responsible for their actions
existencialismus
the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter
materialismus
a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.
nihilismus
a philosophical system based on things that can be proved by logic or experienced with the senses, rejecting metaphysics and theism
pozitivismus
a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions
pragmatismus
the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion
racionalismus
a system of philosophy based on religious scripts and principles and Aristotelian logic, taught in medieval European universities
scholastika, školská filozofie
the philosophical theory that certain knowledge is unattainable
skepticismus
an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason
stoicismus
a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth
subjektivismus, subjektivita
the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people
utilitarismus
the branch of philosophy concerned with things that exist and can be seen, felt, etc. as opposed to what may actually be their real existence
fenomenologie
the feeling that one is different from others and therefore not part of a particular group
odejmutí, odcizení
using the previous knowledge, reasoning, or general facts to decide the likely result of something
a priori, předchozí
using observation or experience to determine the probable cause of something
a posteriori, empirický
non-existence; a state in which nothing exists
nicota, prázdnota
the state of being sensible and aware
vědomí, uvedomění
a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance
dogma
sensible methods of thinking and decision making, especially ones that are based on reasonable judgment
logika, rozum
attitudes or manners exhibiting high moral standards
cnost, moralnost
the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of beauty and art
estetika
the quality of being knowledgeable, experienced, and able to make good decisions and judgments
moudrost
a teacher of philosophy and rhetoric in ancient Greek with a skeptical attitude
sofista, filozof
