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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Biyolohiya, Pisika at Kimika

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa biyolohiya, pisika, at kimika, tulad ng "organism", "matter", "element", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit sa TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
biology
biology
[Pangngalan]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

biyolohiya, agham ng buhay

biyolohiya, agham ng buhay

Ex: She developed a keen interest in biology and decided to pursue a career in medicine. 

Nagkaroon siya ng matinding interes sa biolohiya at nagpasya na ituloy ang isang karera sa medisina.

reproduction
reproduction
[Pangngalan]

the biological process by which living organisms produce new individuals of the same kind

reproduksyon,  pagpaparami

reproduksyon, pagpaparami

Ex: Sexual reproduction produces offspring with genetic material from two parents. 
metabolism
metabolism
[Pangngalan]

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

metabolismo, prosesong metaboliko

metabolismo, prosesong metaboliko

Ex: Metabolism involves various biochemical reactions that convert nutrients from food into energy. 
organism
organism
[Pangngalan]

an individual living thing, such as an animal, plant, fungus, or bacterium

organismo,  nabubuhay na nilalang

organismo, nabubuhay na nilalang

Ex: Every organism needs suitable conditions in order to survive. 
life cycle
life cycle
[Pangngalan]

all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

ikot ng buhay, biyolohikal na ikot

ikot ng buhay, biyolohikal na ikot

Ex: The life cycle of a butterfly includes four main stages. 

Ang life cycle ng isang paru-paro ay may apat na pangunahing yugto.

molecule
molecule
[Pangngalan]

the smallest unit of a substance that can exist independently while retaining its chemical properties

molekula,  molekula

molekula, molekula

Ex: A water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 
molecular
molecular
[pang-uri]

consisting of or relating to molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together

molekular, may kaugnayan sa mga molekula

molekular, may kaugnayan sa mga molekula

Ex: Molecular bonding determines the arrangement of atoms in a compound. 

Ang molecular bonding ay nagtatakda ng ayos ng mga atomo sa isang compound.

matter
matter
[Pangngalan]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

materya, sustansya

materya, sustansya

Ex: The study of matter is fundamental to fields like physics and chemistry. 
chemistry
chemistry
[Pangngalan]

the science that studies the composition, properties, and reactions of substances

kimika

kimika

Ex: Rachel studied chemistry in college before becoming a pharmacist. 
element
element
[Pangngalan]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

elemento, sangkap

elemento, sangkap

Ex: Carbon is a versatile element found in all living organisms and many non-living materials. 
evolution
evolution
[Pangngalan]

the process by which populations of living organisms change genetically across successive generations

ebolusyon,  ebolusyong biyolohikal

ebolusyon, ebolusyong biyolohikal

Ex: Evolution explains how populations of organisms change over many generations. 
property
property
[Pangngalan]

a feature or quality of something

ari-arian, katangian

ari-arian, katangian

Ex: Elasticity is a material property that measures its ability to return to its original shape after being deformed. 
photosynthesis
photosynthesis
[Pangngalan]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

potosintesis

potosintesis

Ex: Photosynthesis in leaves produces the oxygen we breathe. 

Ang photosynthesis sa mga dahon ay gumagawa ng oxygen na ating nilalanghap.

DNA
DNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body. 
gene
gene
[Pangngalan]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

Ex: The study revealed that some genes could influence intelligence. 
to react
to react
[Pandiwa]

to undergo a chemical or physical change through interaction with another substance or influence

mag-react,  tumugon

mag-react, tumugon

Ex: Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust. 
fiber
fiber
[Pangngalan]

a long, thin cell or threadlike structure that forms part of muscle or nervous tissue

himaymay,  hibla

himaymay, hibla

Ex: Regular exercise can increase the strength of muscle fibers. 
particle
particle
[Pangngalan]

an extremely small unit of matter or radiation treated as a discrete entity in physics

partikulo

partikulo

Ex: Scientists detected a particle moving through the chamber. 
compound
compound
[Pangngalan]

a pure substance formed from two or more chemical elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions

kompuwesto

kompuwesto

Ex: Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. 
bond
bond
[Pangngalan]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

bigkis, ugnayan

bigkis, ugnayan

Ex: Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the structure of DNA, contributing to its stability and the specificity of base pairing. 
atomic
atomic
[pang-uri]

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

atomiko

atomiko

Ex: The atomic structure of an element includes its nucleus, composed of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. 
nerve
nerve
[Pangngalan]

a bundle of fibers that carries signals between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body

nerbiyos,  ugat

nerbiyos, ugat

Ex: The injury damaged a nerve in Daniel's left arm. 
parasite
parasite
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

parasito, organismong parasito

parasito, organismong parasito

Ex: The mosquito is a well-known parasite that feeds on the blood of its host, often transmitting diseases in the process. 
instinct
instinct
[Pangngalan]

a natural tendency or ability to behave or react in a particular way without conscious thought or learning

Ex: The animal's instinct told it to flee from danger. 
acid
acid
[Pangngalan]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

asido, sustansyang asido

asido, sustansyang asido

Ex: When dissolved in water, carbonic acid forms from carbon dioxide, contributing to the acidity of rainwater. 
electron
electron
[Pangngalan]

an extremely small elementary particle with a negative electric charge

elektron,  electron

elektron, electron

Ex: An electron carries a negative electric charge. 
vapor
vapor
[Pangngalan]

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

singaw,  ambon

singaw, ambon

Ex: The morning mist rose from the lake, forming a delicate vapor that shrouded the landscape. 
glucose
glucose
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a simple sugar that is the main source of energy for cells in the body

glukosa, glucose

glukosa, glucose

Ex: Glucose enters your bloodstream after you eat carbohydrates. 
carbon
carbon
[Pangngalan]

a chemical element present in all living things and in substances such as coal, graphite, and diamond

Ex: Carbon is an essential element in all known forms of life. 
calcium
calcium
[Pangngalan]

a chemical element, symbol Ca, that is essential for healthy bones and teeth and occurs naturally in many foods and minerals

Ex: Calcium is essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth. 
nitrogen
nitrogen
[Pangngalan]

(chemistry) a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that makes up about 78 percent of Earth's atmosphere and is found in all living tissues

nitroheno,  nitrógeno

nitroheno, nitrógeno

Ex: Nitrogen is essential for plant growth and is often added to soil as fertilizer. 
to dissolve
to dissolve
[Pandiwa]

to become incorporated into a liquid and form a solution

matunaw,  tunawin

matunaw, tunawin

Ex: Sugar dissolves quickly in hot coffee. 
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