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واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - زیست شناسی، فیزیک و شیمی

در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد زیست شناسی، فیزیک و شیمی آشنا می شوید، مانند «جاندار»، «ماده»، «عنصر» و ... که برای آزمون تافل مورد نیاز است.

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مرور

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
biology
[اسم]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

زیست‌شناسی

زیست‌شناسی

Ex: biology is crucial for addressing environmental and health-related challenges .
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metabolism
[اسم]

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

متابولیسم, سوخت‌وساز (بدن)

متابولیسم, سوخت‌وساز (بدن)

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organism
[اسم]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

جاندار, اندامگان، موجود زنده، ارگانیسم

جاندار, اندامگان، موجود زنده، ارگانیسم

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life cycle
[اسم]

all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

چرخه زندگی

چرخه زندگی

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molecule
[اسم]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

مولکول

مولکول

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molecular
[صفت]

consisting of or relating to molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together

مولکولی

مولکولی

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matter
[اسم]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

ماده

ماده

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chemistry
[اسم]

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

شیمی

شیمی

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element
[اسم]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

عنصر

عنصر

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evolution
[اسم]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

فرگشت, تکامل

فرگشت, تکامل

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property
[اسم]

a feature or quality of something

خاصیت, ویژگی

خاصیت, ویژگی

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DNA
[اسم]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

دی‌ان‌ای, دئوکسی ریبو نوکلئیک اسید

دی‌ان‌ای, دئوکسی ریبو نوکلئیک اسید

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gene
[اسم]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

ژن

ژن

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to react
[فعل]

(physics) to be subject to physical or chemical change

واکنش نشان دادن

واکنش نشان دادن

Ex: When react with bases , they form water and salts as part of a neutralization reaction .
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fiber
[اسم]

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

رشته (عصبی)

رشته (عصبی)

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particle
[اسم]

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

ذره

ذره

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compound
[اسم]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

ترکیب (شیمیایی)

ترکیب (شیمیایی)

Ex: compounds are essential for life , like carbohydrates and proteins .
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bond
[اسم]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

پیوند شیمیایی

پیوند شیمیایی

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atomic
[صفت]

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

اتمی

اتمی

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parasite
[اسم]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

انگل

انگل

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instinct
[اسم]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

غریزه

غریزه

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acid
[اسم]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

اسید

اسید

Ex: When dissolved in water , acid forms from carbon dioxide , contributing to the acidity of rainwater .
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vapor
[اسم]

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

بخار

بخار

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carbon
[اسم]

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

کربن

کربن

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to dissolve
[فعل]

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

حل شدن

حل شدن

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