المفردات الضرورية للاختبار TOEFL - الأحياء والفيزياء والكيمياء

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

علم الأحياء

the sexual or asexual process of creating offspring

تكاثر, توالد

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

الأيض

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

كائن حي

all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

دورة الحياة, تطور الحياة

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

جزيء

consisting of or relating to molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together

جزيئي

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

مادة

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

كيمياء

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

عنصر, مادة

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

تطور

a feature or quality of something

خاصية, ميزة

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

التركيب الضوئي

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

حمض نووي, حمض الديوكسي ريبونوكليك

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

جين, جين وراثي

(physics) to be subject to physical or chemical change

يتفاعل, يتجاوب

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

ألياف العضلات, ألياف الأعصاب

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

جسيم, عنصر

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

مركب, مادة كيميائية

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

رابطة, صلة

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

ذرّي, مرتبط بالذرات

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

عَصَب

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

طفيلي

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

غرائز

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

حمض

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

إلكترون

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

بخار, ضباب

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

جلوكوز

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

الكربون

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

كالسيوم

one the most common elements in Earth's atmosphere

نيتروجين

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

يذوب, تذوب