Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Biologia, Física e Química

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

biologia

the sexual or asexual process of creating offspring

reprodução, multiplicação

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

metabolismo

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organismo

all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

ciclo de vida, fases da vida

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

molécula

consisting of or relating to molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together

molecular

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

matéria

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

química

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

elemento, substância

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

evolução

a feature or quality of something

propriedade, característica

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotossíntese

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, ácido desoxirribonucleico

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gene, gene hereditário

(physics) to be subject to physical or chemical change

reagir, interagir

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

fibra muscular, fibra nervosa

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

partícula, elemento

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

composto, substância química

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

ligação, vínculo

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

atômico, relativo aos átomos

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nervo

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

parasita

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

instinto

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

ácido

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

eléctrão

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

vapor, névoa

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

glicose

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

carbono

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

cálcio

one the most common elements in Earth's atmosphere

nitrogênio

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

dissolver, diluir