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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Biology, Physics, and Chemistry

Here you will learn some English words about biology, physics, and chemistry, such as "organism", "matter", "element", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
biology

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

[noun]
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Definition & Meaning of \"biology\"
reproduction

the sexual or asexual process of creating offspring

[noun]
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metabolism

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

[noun]
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organism

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

[noun]
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life cycle

all the different stages of grow and development of a living organism

[noun]
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molecule

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

[noun]
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molecular

consisting of or relating to molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together

[Adjective]
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matter

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

[noun]
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chemistry

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

[noun]
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element

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

[noun]
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evolution

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

[noun]
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property

a feature or quality of something

[noun]
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photosynthesis

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

[noun]
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DNA

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

[noun]
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gene

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

[noun]
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to react

(physics) to be subject to physical or chemical change

[Verb]
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fiber

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

[noun]
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particle

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

[noun]
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compound

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

[noun]
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bond

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

[noun]
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atomic

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

[Adjective]
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nerve

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

[noun]
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parasite

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

[noun]
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instinct

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

[noun]
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acid

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

[noun]
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electron

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

[noun]
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vapor

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

[noun]
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glucose

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

[noun]
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carbon

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

[noun]
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calcium

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

[noun]
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nitrogen

one the most common elements in Earth's atmosphere

[noun]
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to dissolve

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

[Verb]
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