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Littérature - Figure de Style

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés aux procédés stylistiques tels que "allégorie", "métaphore" et "paradoxe".

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Words Related to Literature
apostrophe

a figure of speech in which the speaker addresses a person, abstract idea, object, or thing that is not present or cannot respond as if it could respond

apostrophe, figure de style consistant à interpeller une personne

apostrophe, figure de style consistant à interpeller une personne

charactonym

a literary term used to describe a character's name that suggests or implies something about their personality, behavior, or role in the story

charactonyme, nom parlant

charactonyme, nom parlant

symbol
symbol
[nom]

something that represents an idea, quality, or concept beyond its literal meaning

symbole, emblème

symbole, emblème

allegory

a specific story, artwork, or performance that embodies symbolic representation of deeper truths

allégorie

allégorie

Ex: The Pilgrim's Progress is a classic allegory depicting the soul's journey toward salvation. 
alliteration

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

allitération

allitération

Ex: The poet employed alliteration to create a melodic effect in the verse. 
allusion

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

allusion

allusion

Ex: Her comment about "meeting her Waterloo" was an allusion to Napoleon's final defeat, implying she faced an insurmountable challenge. 
amplification

a rhetorical device in which the writer repeats a word or phrase while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasize or clarify the meaning of the original statement

amplification

amplification

anadiplosis

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the end of one clause or sentence is repeated at the beginning of the next clause or sentence

anadiplose, répétition liante

anadiplose, répétition liante

pun
pun
[nom]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

jeu de mots, calembour

jeu de mots, calembour

Ex: She made a clever pun during the meeting that had everyone laughing. 
antanaclasis

a rhetorical device in which a word is repeated, but with a different meaning each time

antanaclase, répétition à sens différent

antanaclase, répétition à sens différent

antithesis

a rhetorical device that places contrasting ideas or words in parallel structure to highlight their opposition and create a sense of balance

antithèse

antithèse

Ex: Shakespeare's "To be, or not to be" hinges on antithesis between existence and nonexistence 
apophasis

a rhetorical device that involves denying or dismissing something while actually acknowledging or emphasizing it

apophase, figure de rhétorique consistant à nier ou rejeter quelque chose tout en le reconnaissant ou en le soulignant

apophase, figure de rhétorique consistant à nier ou rejeter quelque chose tout en le reconnaissant ou en le soulignant

figure of speech

a way of using words to create a special effect or meaning by going beyond their literal interpretation

figure de style, tournure de phrase

figure de style, tournure de phrase

simile
simile
[nom]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

comparaison

comparaison

Ex: The poet used a simile to compare the clouds to cotton candy, painting a vivid picture of their fluffy, ethereal appearance. 
metaphor

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

métaphore

métaphore

Ex: He used the metaphor of a journey to describe the process of personal growth. 
synecdoche

a figure of speech in which a part of something represents the whole or vice versa

synecdoque

synecdoque

Ex: In literature, synecdoche is a figure of speech where a part of something is used to represent the whole, or vice versa, such as referring to a car as "wheels." 
metonymy

a figure of speech in which a name of something is used instead of another, the two of which are closely associated or one is an attribute of the other

métonymie

métonymie

personification

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personnification

personnification

Ex: The poem’s personification of the wind made it seem alive and restless. 
imagery
imagery
[nom]

the figurative language in literature by which the audience can form vivid mental images

imagerie

imagerie

paradox
paradox
[nom]

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

paradoxe

paradoxe

Ex: It's a paradox that the more choices we have, the harder it becomes to make a decision. 
motif
motif
[nom]

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

thème

thème

Ex: The motif of the "hero's journey" is a common theme in many epic tales, symbolizing the protagonist's growth and transformation. 
assonance

the use of similar vowels close to each other in nonrhyming syllables as a literary device

assonance

assonance

Ex: The poet used assonance to create a melodic effect in the verse. 
consonance

a poetic technique involving repeated consonant sounds, especially at word endings

consonance, allitération consonantique

consonance, allitération consonantique

Ex: "Pitter-patter" is a classic example of consonance. 
onomatopoeia

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onomatopée

onomatopée

Ex: "Buzz," "hiss," and "moo" are examples of onomatopoeia used to mimic natural sounds. 
irony
irony
[nom]

a literary device that reveals a contrast between what appears to be true and what actually is true, often creating unexpected or surprising effects

ironie

ironie

verbal irony

a literary device in which the speaker says something but means the opposite, often for humorous or sarcastic effect

ironie verbale, ironie orale

ironie verbale, ironie orale

situational irony

a literary device in which events or circumstances within a story are contrary to what one would expect, often leading to an unexpected outcome or twist

ironie situationnelle, ironie de situation

ironie situationnelle, ironie de situation

dramatic irony

a literary technique by which the audience is more aware of the significance of the words or actions of the story than characters are

ironie dramatique

ironie dramatique

aporia
aporia
[nom]

a rhetorical device where a speaker or writer shows doubt or uncertainty about a topic to engage the audience or highlight an argument

aporie, doute rhétorique

aporie, doute rhétorique

asyndeton

a literary device where conjunctions are omitted between clauses or phrases in a sentence

asyndète, asyndéton

asyndète, asyndéton

auxesis
auxesis
[nom]

a literary device that involves the use of exaggeration to create a dramatic or emotional effect, often used to build tension or emphasize the importance of something

auxèse

auxèse

cacophony

a literary device that uses a mixture of unpleasant, inharmonious, and harsh sounds to show disorder or chaos

cacophonie

cacophonie

Ex: In the poem, the poet used cacophony to evoke the tumultuous emotions of the protagonist as they grappled with inner turmoil. 
catacosmesis

a rhetorical device that involves a series of phrases or clauses that are arranged in a descending order of importance or emphasis

catacosmesis, un dispositif rhétorique impliquant une série de phrases ou de clauses arrangées dans un ordre décroissant d'importance ou d'emphase

catacosmesis, un dispositif rhétorique impliquant une série de phrases ou de clauses arrangées dans un ordre décroissant d'importance ou d'emphase

chiasmus

a rhetorical figure in which words, grammatical structures or concepts are repeated in a reverse order in successive phrases

chiasme

chiasme

conduplicatio

a writing technique that uses the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or persuade the audience

conduplication, répétition initiale

conduplication, répétition initiale

derision

mockery expressed through words or actions in a biting or sarcastic manner

dérision

dérision

Ex: His comments, full of derision, hurt the feelings of many in the room. 
diacope
diacope
[nom]

the repetition of a word or phrase with only a few words in between, usually to emphasize or create a dramatic effect

diacope, répétition avec intervalle

diacope, répétition avec intervalle

diasyrmus

a rhetorical device in which an author or speaker ridicules or denounces an opponent's argument, typically by using sarcasm or irony

diasyrme, raillerie dénigrante

diasyrme, raillerie dénigrante

enthymeme

a rhetorical device that involves making a conclusion based on an assumption that is not explicitly stated

enthymème, syllogisme tronqué

enthymème, syllogisme tronqué

epanalepsis

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence or clause is repeated at the end of the same sentence or clause

épanalepse, répétition symétrique

épanalepse, répétition symétrique

epistrophe

a rhetorical technique that involves the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or reinforce a point

épistrophe, répétition finale

épistrophe, répétition finale

epizeuxis

a figure of speech where a word or a phrase is repeated in quick succession for emphasis or intensity

épizeuxe, répétition immédiate

épizeuxe, répétition immédiate

figurative language

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

langage figuré, langage imagé

langage figuré, langage imagé

foreshadowing

the act of giving a clue of the future events to the audience in advance while narrating a story

préfiguration

préfiguration

Ex: The eerie music playing in the background served as foreshadowing for the ominous events about to unfold. 
hyperbole

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

hyperbole

hyperbole

Ex: His statement that he'd slept for a century was a hyperbole to express his exhaustion. 
hypophora

a rhetorical device in which an author raises a question, and provides an answer right away

hypophore

hypophore

innuendo

a vague and allusive hint, especially a disapproving or suggestive one

insinuation, sous-entendu

insinuation, sous-entendu

metanoia

a figure of speech that involves a self-correction or a revision of what has just been said, usually to strengthen or emphasize the speaker's argument or to make a point more clearly

métanoïa, correction de soi

métanoïa, correction de soi

oxymoron

a figure of speech that combines two contradictory or contrasting terms to create a unique expression

oxymoron

oxymoron

Ex: The phrase "bittersweet victory" is an oxymoron, highlighting the mixed emotions of winning a hard-fought battle at a great cost. 
pleonasm

(linguistics) the redundant use of words in a way that might be considered a fault of style, or to create an emphatic effect

pléonasme

pléonasme

polysyndeton

a deliberate repetition of a conjunction in a phrase, used as a literary trope

polystyrène

polystyrène

procatalepsis

a rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer anticipates an objection or counterargument from the audience and addresses it before it can be raised

procatalepse, anticipation rhétorique

procatalepse, anticipation rhétorique

rhyme
rhyme
[nom]

agreement between the sound or the ending of a word and another word

rime

rime

Ex: "Cat" and "hat" are perfect rhymes because they end with the same sound. 
rhythm
rhythm
[nom]

a strong repeated pattern of musical notes or sounds

rhythme

rhythme

Ex: She clapped along with the rhythm of the music. 
syllepsis

a figure of speech where a word is used in the same sentence with two or more other words, but with different meanings

syllepse, figure de style où un mot est utilisé dans la même phrase avec deux ou plusieurs autres mots

syllepse, figure de style où un mot est utilisé dans la même phrase avec deux ou plusieurs autres mots

symploce

a rhetorical device that involves the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning and end of successive clauses or sentences

symploque, répétition symétrique

symploque, répétition symétrique

understatement

a figure of speech in which the speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it actually is

euphémisme, minimisation

euphémisme, minimisation

zeugma
zeugma
[nom]

the use of a word with two senses each of which apply to a different word in a sentence, as a figure of speech

zeugma

zeugma

Ex: The writer's clever use of zeugma added a layer of wit to his novel, connecting disparate ideas with a single verb. 
antimetabole

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimétabole, chiasme

antimétabole, chiasme

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