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Literatura - Stylistický prostředek

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se stylistickými prostředky, jako je "alegorie", "metafora" a "paradox".

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Words Related to Literature
apostrophe
apostrophe
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which the speaker addresses a person, abstract idea, object, or thing that is not present or cannot respond as if it could respond

apostrofa, řečnická figura

apostrofa, řečnická figura

charactonym
charactonym
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary term used to describe a character's name that suggests or implies something about their personality, behavior, or role in the story

charaktronym, mluvící jméno

charaktronym, mluvící jméno

symbol
symbol
[Podstatné jméno]

something that represents an idea, quality, or concept beyond its literal meaning

symbol, emblema

symbol, emblema

allegory
allegory
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific story, artwork, or performance that embodies symbolic representation of deeper truths

alegorie, symbolické vyprávění

alegorie, symbolické vyprávění

Ex: The Pilgrim's Progress is a classic allegory depicting the soul's journey toward salvation. 
alliteration
alliteration
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

aliterace

aliterace

Ex: The poet employed alliteration to create a melodic effect in the verse. 
allusion
allusion
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

narážka, odkaz

narážka, odkaz

Ex: Her comment about "meeting her Waterloo" was an allusion to Napoleon's final defeat, implying she faced an insurmountable challenge. 
amplification
amplification
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which the writer repeats a word or phrase while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasize or clarify the meaning of the original statement

amplifikace

amplifikace

anadiplosis
anadiplosis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the end of one clause or sentence is repeated at the beginning of the next clause or sentence

anadiplóza, vazebné opakování

anadiplóza, vazebné opakování

pun
pun
[Podstatné jméno]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

slovní hříčka, vtip

slovní hříčka, vtip

Ex: She made a clever pun during the meeting that had everyone laughing. 
antanaclasis
antanaclasis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word is repeated, but with a different meaning each time

antanaklaze, opakování s jiným významem

antanaklaze, opakování s jiným významem

antithesis
antithesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that places contrasting ideas or words in parallel structure to highlight their opposition and create a sense of balance

antiteze, protiklad

antiteze, protiklad

Ex: Shakespeare's "To be, or not to be" hinges on antithesis between existence and nonexistence 
apophasis
apophasis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves denying or dismissing something while actually acknowledging or emphasizing it

apofáze, řečnický prostředek

apofáze, řečnický prostředek

figure of speech
figure of speech
[Podstatné jméno]

a way of using words to create a special effect or meaning by going beyond their literal interpretation

řečnická figura, obrat řeči

řečnická figura, obrat řeči

simile
simile
[Podstatné jméno]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

přirovnání, podobnost

přirovnání, podobnost

Ex: The poet used a simile to compare the clouds to cotton candy, painting a vivid picture of their fluffy, ethereal appearance. 
metaphor
metaphor
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metafora, řečnická figura

metafora, řečnická figura

Ex: He used the metaphor of a journey to describe the process of personal growth. 
synecdoche
synecdoche
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which a part of something represents the whole or vice versa

synekdocha, metonymie

synekdocha, metonymie

Ex: In literature, synecdoche is a figure of speech where a part of something is used to represent the whole, or vice versa, such as referring to a car as "wheels." 
metonymy
metonymy
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which a name of something is used instead of another, the two of which are closely associated or one is an attribute of the other

metonymie, řečnická figura metonymie

metonymie, řečnická figura metonymie

personification
personification
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

zosobnění, ztělesnění

zosobnění, ztělesnění

Ex: The poem’s personification of the wind made it seem alive and restless. 
imagery
imagery
[Podstatné jméno]

the figurative language in literature by which the audience can form vivid mental images

obrazotvornost, obrazný jazyk

obrazotvornost, obrazný jazyk

paradox
paradox
[Podstatné jméno]

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

paradox, logický rozpor

paradox, logický rozpor

Ex: It's a paradox that the more choices we have, the harder it becomes to make a decision. 
motif
motif
[Podstatné jméno]

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

motiv, téma

motiv, téma

Ex: The motif of the "hero's journey" is a common theme in many epic tales, symbolizing the protagonist's growth and transformation. 
assonance
assonance
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of similar vowels close to each other in nonrhyming syllables as a literary device

asonance, opakování samohlásek

asonance, opakování samohlásek

Ex: The poet used assonance to create a melodic effect in the verse. 
consonance
consonance
[Podstatné jméno]

a poetic technique involving repeated consonant sounds, especially at word endings

konsonance, souhlásková aliterace

konsonance, souhlásková aliterace

Ex: "Pitter-patter" is a classic example of consonance. 
onomatopoeia
onomatopoeia
[Podstatné jméno]

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onomatopoie, slovo

onomatopoie, slovo

Ex: "Buzz," "hiss," and "moo" are examples of onomatopoeia used to mimic natural sounds. 
irony
irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that reveals a contrast between what appears to be true and what actually is true, often creating unexpected or surprising effects

ironie

ironie

verbal irony
verbal irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device in which the speaker says something but means the opposite, often for humorous or sarcastic effect

verbální ironie, ústní ironie

verbální ironie, ústní ironie

situational irony
situational irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device in which events or circumstances within a story are contrary to what one would expect, often leading to an unexpected outcome or twist

situační ironie, ironie situace

situační ironie, ironie situace

dramatic irony
dramatic irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary technique by which the audience is more aware of the significance of the words or actions of the story than characters are

dramatická ironie, divadelní ironie

dramatická ironie, divadelní ironie

aporia
aporia
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device where a speaker or writer shows doubt or uncertainty about a topic to engage the audience or highlight an argument

aporía, rétorická pochybnost

aporía, rétorická pochybnost

asyndeton
asyndeton
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device where conjunctions are omitted between clauses or phrases in a sentence

asyndeton, bezspojkovost

asyndeton, bezspojkovost

auxesis
auxesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that involves the use of exaggeration to create a dramatic or emotional effect, often used to build tension or emphasize the importance of something

nadsázka

nadsázka

cacophony
cacophony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that uses a mixture of unpleasant, inharmonious, and harsh sounds to show disorder or chaos

kakofonie, nesoulad

kakofonie, nesoulad

Ex: In the poem, the poet used cacophony to evoke the tumultuous emotions of the protagonist as they grappled with inner turmoil. 
catacosmesis
catacosmesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves a series of phrases or clauses that are arranged in a descending order of importance or emphasis

katakosmesis, řečnický prostředek zahrnující řadu frází nebo vět uspořádaných v sestupném pořadí podle důležitosti nebo důrazu

katakosmesis, řečnický prostředek zahrnující řadu frází nebo vět uspořádaných v sestupném pořadí podle důležitosti nebo důrazu

chiasmus
chiasmus
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical figure in which words, grammatical structures or concepts are repeated in a reverse order in successive phrases

chiasmus, řečnická figura

chiasmus, řečnická figura

conduplicatio
conduplicatio
[Podstatné jméno]

a writing technique that uses the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or persuade the audience

konduplikace, počáteční opakování

konduplikace, počáteční opakování

derision
derision
[Podstatné jméno]

mockery expressed through words or actions in a biting or sarcastic manner

posměch, výsměch

posměch, výsměch

Ex: His comments, full of derision, hurt the feelings of many in the room. 
diacope
diacope
[Podstatné jméno]

the repetition of a word or phrase with only a few words in between, usually to emphasize or create a dramatic effect

diakopa, opakování s mezerou

diakopa, opakování s mezerou

diasyrmus
diasyrmus
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which an author or speaker ridicules or denounces an opponent's argument, typically by using sarcasm or irony

diasirmus, ponižující výsměch

diasirmus, ponižující výsměch

enthymeme
enthymeme
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves making a conclusion based on an assumption that is not explicitly stated

entymém, zkrácený sylogismus

entymém, zkrácený sylogismus

epanalepsis
epanalepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence or clause is repeated at the end of the same sentence or clause

epanalepse, symetrické opakování

epanalepse, symetrické opakování

epistrophe
epistrophe
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical technique that involves the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or reinforce a point

epistrofa, konečné opakování

epistrofa, konečné opakování

epizeuxis
epizeuxis
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech where a word or a phrase is repeated in quick succession for emphasis or intensity

epizeuxis, okamžité opakování

epizeuxis, okamžité opakování

figurative language
figurative language
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

obrazný jazyk, figurativní jazyk

obrazný jazyk, figurativní jazyk

foreshadowing
foreshadowing
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of giving a clue of the future events to the audience in advance while narrating a story

náznak, předzvěst

náznak, předzvěst

Ex: The eerie music playing in the background served as foreshadowing for the ominous events about to unfold. 
hyperbole
hyperbole
[Podstatné jméno]

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

hyperbola, nadsázka

hyperbola, nadsázka

Ex: His statement that he'd slept for a century was a hyperbole to express his exhaustion. 
hypophora
hypophora
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which an author raises a question, and provides an answer right away

hypofora, řečnický prostředek

hypofora, řečnický prostředek

innuendo
innuendo
[Podstatné jméno]

a vague and allusive hint, especially a disapproving or suggestive one

narážka, innuendo

narážka, innuendo

metanoia
metanoia
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that involves a self-correction or a revision of what has just been said, usually to strengthen or emphasize the speaker's argument or to make a point more clearly

metanoia, sebekorekce

metanoia, sebekorekce

oxymoron
oxymoron
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that combines two contradictory or contrasting terms to create a unique expression

oxymóron, protimluv

oxymóron, protimluv

Ex: The phrase "bittersweet victory" is an oxymoron, highlighting the mixed emotions of winning a hard-fought battle at a great cost. 
pleonasm
pleonasm
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) the redundant use of words in a way that might be considered a fault of style, or to create an emphatic effect

pleonasmus, redundance

pleonasmus, redundance

polysyndeton
polysyndeton
[Podstatné jméno]

a deliberate repetition of a conjunction in a phrase, used as a literary trope

polysyndeton, mnohospojkovost

polysyndeton, mnohospojkovost

procatalepsis
procatalepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer anticipates an objection or counterargument from the audience and addresses it before it can be raised

prokatalepse, rétorická anticipace

prokatalepse, rétorická anticipace

rhyme
rhyme
[Podstatné jméno]

agreement between the sound or the ending of a word and another word

rým, zvuková shoda

rým, zvuková shoda

Ex: "Cat" and "hat" are perfect rhymes because they end with the same sound. 
rhythm
rhythm
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong repeated pattern of musical notes or sounds

rytmus, takt

rytmus, takt

Ex: She clapped along with the rhythm of the music. 
syllepsis
syllepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech where a word is used in the same sentence with two or more other words, but with different meanings

syllepsis, řečnická figura

syllepsis, řečnická figura

symploce
symploce
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning and end of successive clauses or sentences

symploka, symetrické opakování

symploka, symetrické opakování

understatement
understatement
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which the speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it actually is

eufemismus, podcenění

eufemismus, podcenění

zeugma
zeugma
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of a word with two senses each of which apply to a different word in a sentence, as a figure of speech

zeugma, řečnická figura zeugma

zeugma, řečnická figura zeugma

Ex: The writer's clever use of zeugma added a layer of wit to his novel, connecting disparate ideas with a single verb. 
antimetabole
antimetabole
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabole, chiasmus

antimetabole, chiasmus

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