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Literatura - Stylistické zařízení

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se stylistickými prostředky, jako je „alegorie“, „metafora“ a „paradox“.

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Words Related to Literature
apostrophe
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which the speaker addresses a person, abstract idea, object, or thing that is not present or cannot respond as if it could respond

apostrofa, oslovování

apostrofa, oslovování

charactonym
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary term used to describe a character's name that suggests or implies something about their personality, behavior, or role in the story

charakterní jméno, charakterní názv

charakterní jméno, charakterní názv

symbol
[Podstatné jméno]

something that represents an idea, quality, or concept beyond its literal meaning

symbol, znak

symbol, znak

allegory
[Podstatné jméno]

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

allegorie, pohádka

allegorie, pohádka

Ex: The children 's book uses allegory to teach lessons about friendship and teamwork through a story about a group of animals working together .
alliteration
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

aliterace, aliterativní figura

aliterace, aliterativní figura

Ex: The advertising sloganalliteration made it memorable and catchy .
allusion
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

narážka, aluze

narážka, aluze

Ex: The poetallusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .
amplification
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which the writer repeats a word or phrase while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasize or clarify the meaning of the original statement

amplifikace, rozšíření

amplifikace, rozšíření

anadiplosis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the end of one clause or sentence is repeated at the beginning of the next clause or sentence

anadiplóza, anadiplosis

anadiplóza, anadiplosis

pun
[Podstatné jméno]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

hříčka, kal ambiguita

hříčka, kal ambiguita

Ex: pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .
antanaclasis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word is repeated, but with a different meaning each time

antanaklásis, antanakláze

antanaklásis, antanakláze

antithesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which two ideas or concepts are arranged in parallel clauses, words, or sentences to express a contrast

antiteze, opozice

antiteze, opozice

Ex: " Ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country " - John F. Kennedy antithesis to make a patriotic appeal .
apophasis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves denying or dismissing something while actually acknowledging or emphasizing it

apofáze, apofásis

apofáze, apofásis

figure of speech
[Podstatné jméno]

a way of using words to create a special effect or meaning by going beyond their literal interpretation

figura řeči, obrat v řeči

figura řeči, obrat v řeči

simile
[Podstatné jméno]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

přirovnání, simile

přirovnání, simile

Ex: The poet 's use of simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .
metaphor
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metafora, obraz

metafora, obraz

Ex: Her speech was filled with metaphors that moved the audience .
synecdoche
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which a part of something represents the whole or vice versa

synekdocha, zástupné označení

synekdocha, zástupné označení

metonymy
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which a name of something is used instead of another, the two of which are closely associated or one is an attribute of the other

metonymie, metonymický výraz

metonymie, metonymický výraz

personification
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personifikace, zosobnění

personifikace, zosobnění

imagery
[Podstatné jméno]

the figurative language in literature by which the audience can form vivid mental images

obraznost, obrazy

obraznost, obrazy

paradox
[Podstatné jméno]

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

paradox, rozpor

paradox, rozpor

Ex: The paradox of Schrödinger 's cat illustrates the complexity of quantum mechanics .
motif
[Podstatné jméno]

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

motiv, témat

motiv, témat

Ex: motif of " nature versus civilization " serves as a central theme in the story , highlighting the tension between humanity 's primal instincts and societal norms .
assonance
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of similar vowels close to each other in nonrhyming syllables as a literary device

asonance, asonance (hlásková shoda)

asonance, asonance (hlásková shoda)

Ex: His writing style assonance to add harmony to his prose .
consonance
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that refers to the repetition of consonant sounds, particularly at the end of words, to create a pleasing or rhythmic effect in a sentence or phrase

konsonance, zvuková shoda

konsonance, zvuková shoda

onomatopoeia
[Podstatné jméno]

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onomatopoeie, zvukomalba

onomatopoeie, zvukomalba

Ex: The use onomatopoeia adds vividness and immediacy to descriptive writing .
irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that reveals a contrast between what appears to be true and what actually is true, often creating unexpected or surprising effects

ironie, ironie (jako literární prostředek)

ironie, ironie (jako literární prostředek)

verbal irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device in which the speaker says something but means the opposite, often for humorous or sarcastic effect

verbální ironie, ironie vyjádřená slovy

verbální ironie, ironie vyjádřená slovy

situational irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device in which events or circumstances within a story are contrary to what one would expect, often leading to an unexpected outcome or twist

situationalní ironie, ironicky zvrat

situationalní ironie, ironicky zvrat

dramatic irony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary technique by which the audience is more aware of the significance of the words or actions of the story than characters are

dramatičtá ironie, dramaticá ironie

dramatičtá ironie, dramaticá ironie

aporia
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device where a speaker or writer shows doubt or uncertainty about a topic to engage the audience or highlight an argument

aporie, aporie

aporie, aporie

asyndeton
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device where conjunctions are omitted between clauses or phrases in a sentence

asyndeton, asyndetonská figura

asyndeton, asyndetonská figura

auxesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that involves the use of exaggeration to create a dramatic or emotional effect, often used to build tension or emphasize the importance of something

auxeze, exagerace

auxeze, exagerace

cacophony
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary device that uses a mixture of unpleasant, inharmonious, and harsh sounds to show disorder or chaos

kakofonie, nepříjemné zvuky

kakofonie, nepříjemné zvuky

Ex: cacophony of sounds in the short story mirrored the protagonist 's descent into madness , with each noise amplifying their sense of paranoia and fear .
catacosmesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves a series of phrases or clauses that are arranged in a descending order of importance or emphasis

katakosmesis, klesající uspořádání frází

katakosmesis, klesající uspořádání frází

chiasmus
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical figure in which words, grammatical structures or concepts are repeated in a reverse order in successive phrases

chiasmus, chiasmus (rétorika)

chiasmus, chiasmus (rétorika)

conduplicatio
[Podstatné jméno]

a writing technique that uses the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or persuade the audience

duplicitace, repetice

duplicitace, repetice

derision
[Podstatné jméno]

mockery expressed through words or actions in a biting or sarcastic manner

posměch, výsměch

posměch, výsměch

Ex: The film was not a sincere tribute but a piece derision, mocking the original 's intent .
diacope
[Podstatné jméno]

the repetition of a word or phrase with only a few words in between, usually to emphasize or create a dramatic effect

diakopa, opakování s mezivětím

diakopa, opakování s mezivětím

diasyrmus
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which an author or speaker ridicules or denounces an opponent's argument, typically by using sarcasm or irony

diasyrmus, účinné znevážení argumentu

diasyrmus, účinné znevážení argumentu

enthymeme
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves making a conclusion based on an assumption that is not explicitly stated

enthymém, neúplná premisa

enthymém, neúplná premisa

epanalepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence or clause is repeated at the end of the same sentence or clause

epanalepsis, epanalepsa

epanalepsis, epanalepsa

epistrophe
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical technique that involves the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences to create emphasis or reinforce a point

epistrophe, epistrofa

epistrophe, epistrofa

epizeuxis
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech where a word or a phrase is repeated in quick succession for emphasis or intensity

epizeuxis, epizeuxie

epizeuxis, epizeuxie

figurative language
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

obrazný jazyk, figuratívní zkratka

obrazný jazyk, figuratívní zkratka

foreshadowing
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of giving a clue of the future events to the audience in advance while narrating a story

předzvěst, naznačení

předzvěst, naznačení

Ex: The dark storm clouds gathering on the horizon were a foreshadowing of the impending danger .
hyperbole
[Podstatné jméno]

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

hyperbola, nadsázka

hyperbola, nadsázka

hypophora
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device in which an author raises a question, and provides an answer right away

hypofora, řečnická otázka s odpovědí

hypofora, řečnická otázka s odpovědí

innuendo
[Podstatné jméno]

a vague and allusive hint, especially a disapproving or suggestive one

narážka, naznačení

narážka, naznačení

metanoia
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that involves a self-correction or a revision of what has just been said, usually to strengthen or emphasize the speaker's argument or to make a point more clearly

metanoia, sebereflexe

metanoia, sebereflexe

oxymoron
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech that combines two contradictory or contrasting terms to create a unique expression

oxymóron, rozporuplný výraz

oxymóron, rozporuplný výraz

pleonasm
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) the redundant use of words in a way that might be considered a fault of style, or to create an emphatic effect

pleonasmus, obsolentní slovo

pleonasmus, obsolentní slovo

polysyndeton
[Podstatné jméno]

a deliberate repetition of a conjunction in a phrase, used as a literary trope

polysyndeton, polysyndetické spojení

polysyndeton, polysyndetické spojení

procatalepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer anticipates an objection or counterargument from the audience and addresses it before it can be raised

procatalepsis, předpokládání námitek

procatalepsis, předpokládání námitek

rhyme
[Podstatné jméno]

agreement between the sound or the ending of a word and another word

rým, rýmování

rým, rýmování

Ex: The poet carefully chose words rhymes that enhanced the meaning .
rhythm
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong repeated pattern of musical notes or sounds

rytmus, takt

rytmus, takt

syllepsis
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech where a word is used in the same sentence with two or more other words, but with different meanings

syllepsis, syllepse

syllepsis, syllepse

symploce
[Podstatné jméno]

a rhetorical device that involves the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning and end of successive clauses or sentences

symploké, symploké (rétorická figura)

symploké, symploké (rétorická figura)

understatement
[Podstatné jméno]

a figure of speech in which the speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it actually is

podcenění, zmírnění

podcenění, zmírnění

zeugma
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of a word with two senses each of which apply to a different word in a sentence, as a figure of speech

zeugma, zvukové spojení

zeugma, zvukové spojení

Ex: The English teacher zeugma by illustrating how one verb could link both a literal and a figurative object in a sentence .
antimetabole
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabola, antimetabole

antimetabola, antimetabole

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