Body - Le système nerveux
Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés au système nerveux, tels que « ganglion », « moelle épinière » et « plexus solaire ».
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the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.
cerveau
a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
neurone
each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process
nerf
the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts
moelle épinière
a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells
axon
(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia
plexus solaire
(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord
ganglion
related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system
gliale
a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body
plexus
a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons.
interneurone
a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue
fascicule
a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements
neurone moteur
a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination
pons
the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain
nerf optique
a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers
nerf crânien mixte
a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm
nerf ulnaire
a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell
nerf olfactif
a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles
nerf oculomoteur
a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body
réseau neuronal
the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye
nerf trochléaire
the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing
nerf trijumeau
a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers
cellule de Schwann
a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression
nerf facial
a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance
nerf vestibulocochléaire
a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region
nerf glossopharyngien
a cranial nerve that plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory control
nerf vague
a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements
nerf accessoire
a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue
nerf hypoglosse
a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward
nerf abducens
a type of neuron that has a single projection, or process, that branches into two directions
neurone unipolaire
a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement
fibre nerveuse motrice
a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions
système nerveux parasympathique
a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system
cellule nerveuse
the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes
système nerveux central
a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions
cellule gliale
a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control
système nerveux périphérique
the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity
système nerveux autonome
a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs
ganglion autonome
a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions
plexus autonome
a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response
système nerveux sympathique
the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.
système nerveux somatique
a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements
nerf moteur
a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position
système somatique sensoriel
a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck
nerf crânien
a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body
nerf spinal
the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord
racine nerveuse spinal
a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system
nerf sensoriel
a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system
neurone sensoriel
a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system
fibre sensorielle
the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body
cortex sensoriel
a type of neuron that has many processes or projections (dendrites) arising from its cell body, and a single axon that extends away from the cell body
neurone multipolaire
a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg
nerf fémoral