Cuerpo - El sistema nervioso

the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.

cerebro

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neurona

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nervio

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

fibra

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

médula espinal

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

axón

(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia

plexo solar, celiaco

(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord

ganglio

related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system

glial, gliótico

a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body

plexo, red de nervios

a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons.

interneuron

a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

haz, fascículo

a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements

neuronio motor, célula nerviosa motora

a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination

puente, pons

the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain

nervio óptico

a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers

nervio craneal mixto, nervio craneal con fibras mixtas

a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm

nervio ulnar, nervio del cúbito

a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell

nervio olfativo, nervio del olfato

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles

nervio oculomotor, nervio ocular

a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body

red neuronal, red de neuronas

the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye

nervio trocleares, nervio del músculo oblicuo superior

the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing

nervio trigémino, nerveo cranial cinco

a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers

célula de Schwann, célula glial de Schwann

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression

nervio facial, nervio de la expresión facial

a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance

nervio vestibulococlear, nervio auditivo y de equilibrio

a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region

nervio glosofaríngeo, nervio glosofaringeo

a cranial nerve that plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory control

nervio vago, nervio pneumogástrico

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements

nervio accesorio, nervio accesorio espinal

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue

nervio hipogloso, nervio hipoglossal

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward

nervio abducens, nervio del movimiento lateral

a type of neuron that has a single projection, or process, that branches into two directions

neuron unipolar, neurona unipolar

a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement

fibra nerviosa motora, fibras nerviosas motoras

a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions

sistema nervioso parasimpático, sistema nervioso autónomo parasimpático

a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system

célula nerviosa, neurona

the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes

sistema nervioso central

a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions

célula glial, célula de soporte

a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control

sistema nervioso periférico, red nerviosa periférica

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity

sistema nervioso autónomo, sistema nervioso vegetativo

a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs

ganglio autónomo, ganglio nervioso autónomo

a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions

plexo autonómico, red neuronal autónoma

a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response

sistema nervioso simpático

the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.

sistema nervioso somático

a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements

nervio motor, nervio de motricidad

a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position

sistema sensorial somático, sistema somático sensorial

a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck

nervio craneal, nervio de la cabeza

a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

nervio espinal, nervio raquídeo

the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord

raíz nerviosa espinal, raíz del nervio espinal

a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

nervio sensorial, nervio aferente

a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

neurona sensorial, neurona de los sentidos

a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

fibra sensorial, nervio sensorial

the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body

corteza sensorial, corteza de los sentidos

a type of neuron that has many processes or projections (dendrites) arising from its cell body, and a single axon that extends away from the cell body

neuronio multipolar, neuronio de múltiples polos

a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg

nervio femoral, nervio femorales