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Cuerpo - El sistema nervioso

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con el sistema nervioso, como "ganglion", "spinal cord" y "solar plexus".

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Words Related to Body
brain
[Sustantivo]

the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.

cerebro

cerebro

Ex: brain weighs about three pounds .
neuron
[Sustantivo]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neurona

neurona

nerve
[Sustantivo]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nervio

nervio

fiber
[Sustantivo]

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

fibra

fibra

Ex: Damage to the fibers can result in vision loss or impairment .
spinal cord
[Sustantivo]

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

médula espinal

médula espinal

Ex: The brainstem connects to spinal cord and regulates basic bodily functions .
solar plexus
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia

plexo solar, celiaco

plexo solar, celiaco

ganglion
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord

ganglio

ganglio

glial
[Adjetivo]

related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system

glial, de la glía

glial, de la glía

plexus
[Sustantivo]

a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body

plexo, malla

plexo, malla

interneuron
[Sustantivo]

a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons.

interneurona, neuronas interneuronales

interneurona, neuronas interneuronales

Ex: interneurons in the spinal cord help to relay signals from sensory neurons to motor neurons , allowing for coordinated movements .
fascicle
[Sustantivo]

a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

fascículo, fascículo muscular

fascículo, fascículo muscular

motor neuron
[Sustantivo]

a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements

neurona motora, célula nerviosa motora

neurona motora, célula nerviosa motora

pons
[Sustantivo]

a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination

puente, pons

puente, pons

optic nerve
[Sustantivo]

the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain

nervio óptico, nervio visual

nervio óptico, nervio visual

a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers

nervio craneal mixto, nervio craneal combinado

nervio craneal mixto, nervio craneal combinado

ulnar nerve
[Sustantivo]

a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm

nervio ulnar, nervio del cúbito

nervio ulnar, nervio del cúbito

olfactory nerve
[Sustantivo]

a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell

nervio olfativo, nervio del olfato

nervio olfativo, nervio del olfato

oculomotor nerve
[Sustantivo]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles

nervio oculomotor, nervio motor ocular

nervio oculomotor, nervio motor ocular

neural network
[Sustantivo]

a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body

red neuronal, red de neuronas

red neuronal, red de neuronas

trochlear nerve
[Sustantivo]

the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye

nervio trochlear, cuarto par craneal

nervio trochlear, cuarto par craneal

trigeminal nerve
[Sustantivo]

the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing

nervio trigémino, nervio quintó cranial

nervio trigémino, nervio quintó cranial

schwann cell
[Sustantivo]

a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers

célula de Schwann, célula de Schwann (de la mielina)

célula de Schwann, célula de Schwann (de la mielina)

facial nerve
[Sustantivo]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression

nervio facial, nervio de la expresión facial

nervio facial, nervio de la expresión facial

a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance

nervio vestibulococlear, nervio auditivo

nervio vestibulococlear, nervio auditivo

a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region

nervio glosofaríngeo, nervio glosofaringeo

nervio glosofaríngeo, nervio glosofaringeo

accessory nerve
[Sustantivo]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements

nervio accesorio, nervio espinal accesorio

nervio accesorio, nervio espinal accesorio

hypoglossal nerve
[Sustantivo]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue

nervio hipogloso, nervio glosofaríngeo

nervio hipogloso, nervio glosofaríngeo

abducens nerve
[Sustantivo]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward

nervio abducens, nervio abductor

nervio abducens, nervio abductor

motor nerve fiber
[Sustantivo]

a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement

fibra nerviosa motora, fibras nerviosas motoras

fibra nerviosa motora, fibras nerviosas motoras

a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions

sistema nervioso parasimpático, sistema nervioso autónomo parasimpático

sistema nervioso parasimpático, sistema nervioso autónomo parasimpático

nerve cell
[Sustantivo]

a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system

célula nerviosa, neuronas

célula nerviosa, neuronas

the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes

sistema nervioso central, sistema nervioso cortical

sistema nervioso central, sistema nervioso cortical

glial cell
[Sustantivo]

a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions

célula glial, célula de la glía

célula glial, célula de la glía

a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control

sistema nervioso periférico, nervio periférico

sistema nervioso periférico, nervio periférico

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity

sistema nervioso autonomo, sistema nervioso autónomo

sistema nervioso autonomo, sistema nervioso autónomo

autonomic ganglion
[Sustantivo]

a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs

ganglio autonómico, ganglio vegetativo

ganglio autonómico, ganglio vegetativo

autonomic plexus
[Sustantivo]

a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions

plexo autónomo, plexo nervioso autónomo

plexo autónomo, plexo nervioso autónomo

a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response

sistema nervioso simpático, sistema simpático

sistema nervioso simpático, sistema simpático

the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.

sistema nervioso somático, sistema nervioso voluntario

sistema nervioso somático, sistema nervioso voluntario

motor nerve
[Sustantivo]

a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements

nervio motor, nervio de movimiento

nervio motor, nervio de movimiento

a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position

sistema sensorial somático, sistema de percepción somática

sistema sensorial somático, sistema de percepción somática

cranial nerve
[Sustantivo]

a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck

nervio craneal, nervio del cráneo

nervio craneal, nervio del cráneo

spinal nerve
[Sustantivo]

a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

nervio espinal, nervio raquídeo

nervio espinal, nervio raquídeo

spinal nerve root
[Sustantivo]

the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord

raíz nerviosa espinal, raíz del nervio espinal

raíz nerviosa espinal, raíz del nervio espinal

sensory nerve
[Sustantivo]

a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

nervio sensorial, nervio de los sentidos

nervio sensorial, nervio de los sentidos

sensory neuron
[Sustantivo]

a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

neurona sensorial, neurona aferente

neurona sensorial, neurona aferente

sensory fiber
[Sustantivo]

a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

fibra sensorial, fibras sensoriales

fibra sensorial, fibras sensoriales

sensory cortex
[Sustantivo]

the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body

corteza sensorial, corteza de los sentidos

corteza sensorial, corteza de los sentidos

axon
[Sustantivo]

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

axón, fibra nerviosa

axón, fibra nerviosa

femoral nerve
[Sustantivo]

a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg

nervio femoral, nervio del muslo

nervio femoral, nervio del muslo

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