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Tělo - Nervový systém

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s nervovým systémem, jako je "ganglion", "micha" a "solar plexus".

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Words Related to Body
brain

the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.

[Podstatné jméno]
neuron

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

[Podstatné jméno]
nerve

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

[Podstatné jméno]
fiber

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

[Podstatné jméno]
spinal cord

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

[Podstatné jméno]
axon

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

axon

axon

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[Podstatné jméno]
solar plexus

(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia

[Podstatné jméno]
ganglion

(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord

[Podstatné jméno]
glial

related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system

[Přídavné jméno]
plexus

a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body

[Podstatné jméno]
interneuron

a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons.

[Podstatné jméno]
fascicle

a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

[Podstatné jméno]
motor neuron

a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements

[Podstatné jméno]
pons

a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination

most,pons

most,pons

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optic nerve

the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain

[Podstatné jméno]
mixed cranial nerve

a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers

[Podstatné jméno]
ulnar nerve

a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm

[Podstatné jméno]
olfactory nerve

a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell

[Podstatné jméno]
oculomotor nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles

okohybné nervy,oční nerv

okohybné nervy,oční nerv

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neural network

a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body

neuronová síť,síť neuronů

neuronová síť,síť neuronů

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trochlear nerve

the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye

[Podstatné jméno]
trigeminal nerve

the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing

[Podstatné jméno]
schwann cell

a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers

Schwannova buňka,schwannovská glie

Schwannova buňka,schwannovská glie

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[Podstatné jméno]
facial nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression

[Podstatné jméno]
vestibulocochlear nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance

[Podstatné jméno]
glossopharyngeal nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region

[Podstatné jméno]
vagus nerve

a cranial nerve that plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory control

[Podstatné jméno]
accessory nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements

přídatný nerv,nerv přídatný

přídatný nerv,nerv přídatný

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hypoglossal nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue

[Podstatné jméno]
abducens nerve

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward

abducens nerv,nerv pro laterální pohyb

abducens nerv,nerv pro laterální pohyb

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[Podstatné jméno]
unipolar neuron

a type of neuron that has a single projection, or process, that branches into two directions

[Podstatné jméno]
motor nerve fiber

a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement

[Podstatné jméno]
parasympathetic nervous system

a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions

[Podstatné jméno]
nerve cell

a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system

[Podstatné jméno]
central nervous system

the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes

centrální nervový systém

centrální nervový systém

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[Podstatné jméno]
glial cell

a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions

[Podstatné jméno]
peripheral nervous system

a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control

[Podstatné jméno]
autonomic nervous system

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity

autonomní nervový systém,vegetativní nervový systém

autonomní nervový systém,vegetativní nervový systém

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[Podstatné jméno]
autonomic ganglion

a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs

autonomní ganglium,autonomní nervový ganglion

autonomní ganglium,autonomní nervový ganglion

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[Podstatné jméno]
autonomic plexus

a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions

autonomní plexus,autonomní nervová síť

autonomní plexus,autonomní nervová síť

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[Podstatné jméno]
sympathetic nervous system

a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response

[Podstatné jméno]
somatic nervous system

the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.

[Podstatné jméno]
motor nerve

a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements

[Podstatné jméno]
somatic sensory system

a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position

[Podstatné jméno]
cranial nerve

a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck

hlavový nerv,nerv lebky

hlavový nerv,nerv lebky

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[Podstatné jméno]
spinal nerve

a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

[Podstatné jméno]
spinal nerve root

the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord

[Podstatné jméno]
sensory nerve

a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

senzorický nerv,aferentní nerv

senzorický nerv,aferentní nerv

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[Podstatné jméno]
sensory neuron

a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

senzorový neuron,čidlový neuron

senzorový neuron,čidlový neuron

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[Podstatné jméno]
sensory fiber

a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

senzorová vlákna,senzorický nerv

senzorová vlákna,senzorický nerv

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[Podstatné jméno]
sensory cortex

the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body

[Podstatné jméno]
multipolar neuron

a type of neuron that has many processes or projections (dendrites) arising from its cell body, and a single axon that extends away from the cell body

[Podstatné jméno]
femoral nerve

a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg

[Podstatné jméno]
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