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Corp - Sistemul Nervos

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de sistemul nervos, cum ar fi "ganglion", "măduva spinării" și "plexul solar".

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Words Related to Body
brain
[substantiv]

the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.

creier

creier

Ex: The brain weighs about three pounds .**Creierul** cântărește aproximativ trei kilograme.
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neuron
[substantiv]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neuron, celulă nervoasă

neuron, celulă nervoasă

Ex: Learning and memory depend on the ability of neurons to form new connections .Învățarea și memoria depind de capacitatea **neuronilor** de a forma noi conexiuni.
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nerve
[substantiv]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nerv, fibră nervoasă

nerv, fibră nervoasă

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fiber
[substantiv]

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

fibră, fibră musculară

fibră, fibră musculară

Ex: Damage to the optic nerve fibers can result in vision loss or impairment .Leziunile **fibrelor** nervului optic pot duce la pierderea sau deteriorarea vederii.
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spinal cord
[substantiv]

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

măduva spinării, coarda spinală

măduva spinării, coarda spinală

Ex: The brainstem connects to the spinal cord and regulates basic bodily functions .Tulburarea cerebrală se conectează la **măduva spinării** și reglează funcțiile corporale de bază.
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solar plexus
[substantiv]

(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia

plexus solar, plexus celiac

plexus solar, plexus celiac

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ganglion
[substantiv]

(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord

ganglion, nod nervos

ganglion, nod nervos

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glial
[adjectiv]

related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system

glial, legat de celulele gliale

glial, legat de celulele gliale

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plexus
[substantiv]

a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body

plex, rețea nervoasă

plex, rețea nervoasă

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interneuron
[substantiv]

a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons

Ex: The interneurons in the spinal cord help to relay signals from sensory neurons to motor neurons , allowing for coordinated movements .
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fascicle
[substantiv]

a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

fascicul, fascicol

fascicul, fascicol

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motor neuron
[substantiv]

a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements

neuron motor, celulă nervoasă motorie

neuron motor, celulă nervoasă motorie

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pons
[substantiv]

a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination

pod, proeminență inelară

pod, proeminență inelară

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optic nerve
[substantiv]

the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain

nervul optic, nervul vederii

nervul optic, nervul vederii

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a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers

nerv cranian mixt, nerv cranian care conține fibre senzitive și motorii

nerv cranian mixt, nerv cranian care conține fibre senzitive și motorii

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ulnar nerve
[substantiv]

a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm

nervul ulnar, nervul cubital

nervul ulnar, nervul cubital

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olfactory nerve
[substantiv]

a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell

nerv olfactiv, nervul mirosului

nerv olfactiv, nervul mirosului

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oculomotor nerve
[substantiv]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles

nervul oculomotor, nervul motor ocular comun

nervul oculomotor, nervul motor ocular comun

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neural network
[substantiv]

a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body

rețea neuronală, rețea de neuroni

rețea neuronală, rețea de neuroni

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trochlear nerve
[substantiv]

the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye

nervul trohlear, al patrulea nerv cranian

nervul trohlear, al patrulea nerv cranian

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trigeminal nerve
[substantiv]

the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing

nervul trigemen, al cincilea nerv cranian

nervul trigemen, al cincilea nerv cranian

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schwann cell
[substantiv]

a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers

celulă Schwann, neuroglia Schwann

celulă Schwann, neuroglia Schwann

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facial nerve
[substantiv]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression

nerv facial, nerv cranian responsabil de controlul mușchilor expresiei faciale

nerv facial, nerv cranian responsabil de controlul mușchilor expresiei faciale

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a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance

nervul vestibulocohlear, nervul auditiv

nervul vestibulocohlear, nervul auditiv

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a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region

nervul glosofaringian, nervul cranian glosofaringian

nervul glosofaringian, nervul cranian glosofaringian

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accessory nerve
[substantiv]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements

nervul accesoriu, a unsprezecea pereche de nervi cranieni

nervul accesoriu, a unsprezecea pereche de nervi cranieni

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hypoglossal nerve
[substantiv]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue

nervul hipoglos, al doisprezecelea nerv cranial

nervul hipoglos, al doisprezecelea nerv cranial

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abducens nerve
[substantiv]

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward

nervul abducens, al șaselea nerv cranian

nervul abducens, al șaselea nerv cranian

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motor nerve fiber
[substantiv]

a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement

fibra nervoasă motorie, axon motor

fibra nervoasă motorie, axon motor

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a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions

sistemul nervos parasimpatic, diviziunea parasimpatică a sistemului nervos autonom

sistemul nervos parasimpatic, diviziunea parasimpatică a sistemului nervos autonom

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nerve cell
[substantiv]

a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system

celulă nervoasă, neuron

celulă nervoasă, neuron

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the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes

sistemul nervos central

sistemul nervos central

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glial cell
[substantiv]

a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions

celulă glială, neuroglie

celulă glială, neuroglie

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a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control

sistemul nervos periferic, SNP

sistemul nervos periferic, SNP

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the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity

sistemul nervos autonom, sistemul nervos vegetativ

sistemul nervos autonom, sistemul nervos vegetativ

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autonomic ganglion
[substantiv]

a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs

ganglion autonom

ganglion autonom

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autonomic plexus
[substantiv]

a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions

plex autonom, rețea nervoasă autonomă

plex autonom, rețea nervoasă autonomă

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a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response

sistemul nervos simpatic, sistemul simpatic

sistemul nervos simpatic, sistemul simpatic

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the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.

sistemul nervos somatic, sistemul nervos voluntar

sistemul nervos somatic, sistemul nervos voluntar

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motor nerve
[substantiv]

a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements

nerv motor, nerv eferent

nerv motor, nerv eferent

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a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position

sistemul senzorial somatic, sistemul somatosenzorial

sistemul senzorial somatic, sistemul somatosenzorial

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cranial nerve
[substantiv]

a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck

nerv cranian, nerv encefalic

nerv cranian, nerv encefalic

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spinal nerve
[substantiv]

a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

nerv spinal, nerv rahidian

nerv spinal, nerv rahidian

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spinal nerve root
[substantiv]

the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord

rădăcina nervului spinal, rădăcină nervoasă spinală

rădăcina nervului spinal, rădăcină nervoasă spinală

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sensory nerve
[substantiv]

a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

nerv senzitiv, nerv senzorial

nerv senzitiv, nerv senzorial

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sensory neuron
[substantiv]

a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

neuron senzitiv, celulă nervoasă senzorială

neuron senzitiv, celulă nervoasă senzorială

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sensory fiber
[substantiv]

a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

fibră senzorială, fibră nervoasă senzitivă

fibră senzorială, fibră nervoasă senzitivă

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sensory cortex
[substantiv]

the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body

cortex senzorial, zonă senzorială

cortex senzorial, zonă senzorială

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axon
[substantiv]

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

axon, neurit

axon, neurit

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femoral nerve
[substantiv]

a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg

nervul femoral

nervul femoral

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