Ciało - Układ nerwowy

the body part that is inside our head controlling how we feel, think, move, etc.

mózg

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neuron

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nerw

any strand of muscle or nervous tissues

włókno mięśniowe, włókno nerwowe

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

rdzeń kręgowy, sznur rdzeniowy

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

akson

(anatomy) a network of nerves in the abdomen and in front of the aorta that contains several ganglia

splot słoneczny, splot brzuszny

(anatomy) a mass of neurons that form a nerve center in the body outside the brain or spinal cord

ganglion, węzeł nerwowy

related to or associated with glia or glial cells in the nervous system

glejowy, glialny

a complex arrangement or network of nerve fibers or blood vessels that intersect and intertwine within the body

plexus, sieć nerwowa

a neuron that acts as an intermediary between sensory neurons and motor neurons, or between other interneurons.

interneuron

a bundle of muscle fibers or nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

pęczek, fascik

a nerve cell that transmits signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movements

neuron ruchowy, neuron motoryczny

a region in the brainstem that acts as a bridge, connecting different parts of the brain and aiding in essential functions like sleep regulation and sensory-motor coordination

most, pons

the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain

nerw wzrokowy

a cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers

mieszany nerw czaszkowy, nerw czaszkowy zawierający zarówno włókna czuciowe

a nerve in the upper limb that provides sensation and controls muscle movement in the hand and forearm

nerv łokciowy, nerw ulna

a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of smell

nerw węchowy, nerw powonienia

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the eye muscles

nerw okulomotoryczny, nerw gałki ocznej

a complex system of interconnected neurons that processes and transmits information in the body

sieć neuronowa, sieć neuronów

the fourth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the superior oblique muscle of the eye

nerw trochlearny, czwarty nerw czaszkowy

the fifth cranial nerve that provides sensory information from the face and controls the muscles responsible for chewing

nerw trójdzielny, piąty nerw czaszkowy

a glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that forms myelin sheaths around nerve fibers

komórka Schwanna, komórka glejowa Schwanna

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression

nerw twarzowy, nerw mimiczny

a cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance

nerw przedsionkowo-ślimakowy, nerw słuchowy i równowagi

a cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the head and neck region

nerw językowo-gardłowy, nerw glossopharyngeal

a cranial nerve that plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory control

nerw błędny, nerw pneumogastricus

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling certain muscles involved in head and neck movements

nerw dodatkowy, nerw dodatkowy rdzeniowy

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of the tongue

nerw podjęzykowy, nerw hipo-glos

a cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, which enables the eye to move laterally or outward

nerv abducens, nerw odpowiedzialny za ruch boczny

a type of neuron that has a single projection, or process, that branches into two directions

neuron unipolarny, neuron o jednym biegunie

a type of nerve cell extension that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement

włókno nerwowe ruchowe, nerw ruchowy

a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating rest, digestion, and other essential bodily functions

układ nerwowy parasympatyczny, autonomiczny układ nerwowy parasympatyczny

a specialized cell that transmits electrical signals in the nervous system

komórka nerwowa, neuron

the complex network of the brain and spinal cord that controls and coordinates bodily functions and processes

ośrodkowy układ nerwowy

a non-neuronal cell in the nervous system that provides support and protection for neurons, helps maintain homeostasis, and participates in signaling and other important functions

komórka glialna, komórka wspierająca

a network of nerves and ganglia that connects the central nervous system to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the body, facilitating communication and control

obwodowy układ nerwowy, sieć nerwów obwodowych

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls and regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity

autonomiczny układ nerwowy, wegetatywny układ nerwowy

a cluster of nerve cell bodies that mediates communication between the central nervous system and the organs

zwoj autonomiczny, zwoje autonomiczne

a network of nerves and ganglia that regulates involuntary bodily functions

plexus autonomiczny, sieć nerwowa autonomiczna

a network of nerves that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by activating the "fight or flight" response

układ nerwowy współczulny

the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the voluntary control of body movements and the reception of external stimuli.

somatyczny układ nerwowy

a type of nerve that carries signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, enabling voluntary muscle movements

nerw ruchowy, nerw motoryczny

a network of nerves and receptors that enables the perception of touch, temperature, pain, and body position

somatyczny system sensoryczny, system sensoryczny somatyczny

a bundle of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and innervate structures in the head and neck

nerw czaszkowy, nerw głowy

a singular anatomical structure that carries sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

nerw rdzeniowy, nerw kręgowy

the initial segment of a spinal nerve that emerges from the spinal cord

korzeń nerwu rdzeniowego, korzeń rdzeniowy

a body part that carries sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

nerw czuciowy, nerw aferentny

a nerve cell that transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system

neuron sensoryczny, neuron czuciowy

a nerve fiber that carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system

włókno sensoryczne, nerw czuciowy

the part of the brain that processes and interprets sensory information from the body

kora sensoryczna, kora zmysłowa

a type of neuron that has many processes or projections (dendrites) arising from its cell body, and a single axon that extends away from the cell body

neuron multipolarny, neuron o wielu polach

a key nerve responsible for transmitting signals to the muscles and skin of the thigh and leg

nerw udowy, nerw femoralny