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Liste de Mots Niveau C1 - Règles de Grammaire

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur les composants du langage, tels que "infinitif", "gérondif", "nombre", etc. préparés pour les apprenants de niveau C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
linguistic
linguistic
[Adjectif]

related to the science of language, including its structure, usage, and evolution

linguistique

linguistique

Ex: The linguistic diversity of the world's languages is a topic of interest for linguists studying language typology. 

La diversité linguistique des langues du monde est un sujet d'intérêt pour les linguistes étudiant la typologie linguistique.

infinitive

(grammar) the root form of a verb

infinitif

infinitif

Ex: Examples of infinitives include "to run," "to eat," and "to sleep." 

Des exemples d'infinitif incluent "courir", "manger" et "dormir".

gerund
gerund
[nom]

(grammar) a form of a verb that functions as a noun and is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the base form of the verb

gérondif

gérondif

Ex: Examples of gerunds include "swimming," "reading," and "writing." 

Exemples de gérondifs incluent "nager", "lire" et "écrire".

transitive verb

(grammar) a verb that needs a direct object

verbe transitif

verbe transitif

Ex: Examples of transitive verbs include "eat," "love," and "throw." 

Des exemples de verbes transitifs incluent "manger", "aimer" et "lancer".

intransitive verb

(grammar) a verb without a direct object

verbe intransitif

verbe intransitif

Ex: Examples of intransitive verbs include "laugh," "sleep," and "arrive." 

Des exemples de verbes intransitifs incluent "rire", "dormir" et "arriver".

number
number
[nom]

(grammar) the form of a word that indicates whether one, two, or more things or people are being referred to

nombre

nombre

Ex: The subject-verb agreement rule states that a singular subject must agree with a singular verb in number, while a plural subject must agree with a plural verb. 
person
person
[nom]

(grammar) each of the three classes of pronouns that refers to who is speaking, who is being spoken to, or others that are not present during the conversation

personne

personne

Ex: First-person pronouns like 'I,' 'me,' and 'we' refer to the speaker or speakers themselves, while second-person pronouns like 'you' refer to the person or people being addressed. 
voice
voice
[nom]

(grammar) the form of a verb that indicates whether the subject does something or something is done to it

voix

voix

Ex: In English grammar, the passive voice is used when the subject of a sentence is acted upon by the verb, rather than performing the action itself. 
gender
gender
[nom]

a grammatical category that groups words as masculine, feminine, neuter, or another class

genre

genre

Ex: Emma often has trouble remembering the gender of German nouns. 
feminine
feminine
[Adjectif]

(of a language's grammar) referring to females

féminin

féminin

Ex: Adjectives and articles in these languages must agree in gender and number with the feminine nouns they modify, such as 'la casa bonita' (the beautiful house). 

Les adjectifs et les articles dans ces langues doivent s'accorder en genre et en nombre avec les noms féminins qu'ils modifient, comme 'la casa bonita' (la belle maison).

masculine
masculine
[Adjectif]

(of a language's grammar) referring to males

masculin

masculin

Ex: Adjectives and articles in these languages must agree in gender and number with the masculine nouns they modify, such as ' el libro grande' (the big book). 

Les adjectifs et les articles dans ces langues doivent s'accorder en genre et en nombre avec les noms masculins qu'ils modifient, comme 'el libro grande' (le grand livre).

subjunctive
subjunctive
[Adjectif]

(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

subjonctif

subjonctif

Ex: Understanding when to use the subjunctive mood in language is important for conveying nuances of meaning and expressing certain attitudes or beliefs. 

Comprendre quand utiliser le mode subjonctif dans une langue est important pour transmettre des nuances de sens et exprimer certaines attitudes ou croyances.

phonetics

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

phonétique

phonétique

Ex: A phonetics researcher analyzes speech sounds using techniques such as spectrograms and acoustic analysis to understand their properties and patterns. 
intonation

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonation

intonation

Ex: Different languages have distinct intonation patterns, such as the rising intonation at the end of yes-no questions in English, as in 'Are you coming? 
dialect
dialect
[nom]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialecte

dialecte

Ex: Regional dialects in English, such as British English, American English, and Australian English, vary in pronunciation, vocabulary, and even grammar rules. 

Les dialectes régionaux en anglais, tels que l'anglais britannique, l'anglais américain et l'anglais australien, varient en prononciation, vocabulaire et même en règles grammaticales.

proverb
proverb
[nom]

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

proverbe

proverbe

Ex: The proverb 'A stitch in time saves nine' advises that addressing problems early can prevent them from becoming larger issues. 

Le proverbe 'Un point à temps en épargne cent' conseille que résoudre les problèmes tôt peut éviter qu'ils ne deviennent plus graves.

idiom
idiom
[nom]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

expression idiomatique

expression idiomatique

Ex: When someone says 'it's raining cats and dogs,' they're using an idiom to describe very heavy rain, not an actual downpour of animals. 

Quand quelqu'un dit 'il pleut des cordes,' il utilise une expression idiomatique pour décrire une pluie très forte, pas une véritable averse d'animaux.

jargon
jargon
[nom]

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

jargon

jargon

Ex: Legal jargon, including terms like 'habeas corpus,' 'amicus curiae,' and 'subpoena,' can be difficult for non-lawyers to understand. 

Le jargon juridique, y compris des termes comme 'habeas corpus', 'amicus curiae' et 'subpoena', peut être difficile à comprendre pour les non-juristes.

slang
slang
[nom]

words or expressions that are very informal and more common in spoken form, used especially by a particular group of people, such as criminals, children, etc.

argot

argot

Ex: In the 1920s, 'the bee's knees' was popular slang for something outstanding or extraordinary. 

Dans les années 1920, 'the bee's knees' était un argot populaire pour quelque chose d'exceptionnel ou d'extraordinaire.

euphemism

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

euphémisme

euphémisme

Ex: To avoid upsetting the children, she employed a euphemism, saying their pet rabbit had "gone to a farm" instead of mentioning its death. 

Pour éviter de contrarier les enfants, elle a employé un euphémisme, disant que leur lapin de compagnie était "parti à la ferme" au lieu de mentionner sa mort.

to punctuate

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

ponctuer

ponctuer

Ex: The teacher reminded the students to punctuate their dialogue with quotation marks to indicate when a character is speaking. 

Le professeur a rappelé aux élèves de ponctuer leur dialogue avec des guillemets pour indiquer quand un personnage parle.

colon
colon
[nom]

the punctuation mark : used to introduce a quotation, explanation, or list of items

deux-points

deux-points

Ex: The professor explained that a colon is used to introduce an explanation: it helps clarify the preceding statement. 

Le professeur a expliqué qu'un deux-points est utilisé pour introduire une explication : il aide à clarifier la déclaration précédente.

semicolon

the punctuation mark ; used to separate the items in a list or to indicate a pause between two main clauses in a compound sentence

point-virgule

point-virgule

Ex: A semicolon can also be used in complex lists where the items themselves contain commas: for example, 'The meeting was attended by John, the CEO; Jane, the CFO; and Emily, the COO. 

Un point-virgule peut également être utilisé dans des listes complexes où les éléments eux-mêmes contiennent des virgules : par exemple, 'La réunion a été assistée par John, le PDG ; Jane, la CFO ; et Emily, la COO.'

parenthesis

either of the symbols ( ) used in writing to enclose extra information that is given or to group a symbolic unit in logic or mathematics

parenthèse

parenthèse

Ex: The author added a clarification in parenthesis to explain a concept further to the reader. 

L'auteur a ajouté une clarification entre parenthèses pour expliquer davantage un concept au lecteur.

hyphen
hyphen
[nom]

a small line used to connect words or parts of words

trait d’union

trait d’union

Ex: He emphasized the importance of using a hyphen to avoid ambiguity in phrases like 'man-eating shark' versus 'man eating shark. 

Il a souligné l'importance d'utiliser un trait d'union pour éviter toute ambiguïté dans des phrases comme 'requin mangeur d'hommes' par opposition à 'homme mangeant du requin'.

slash
slash
[nom]

the symbol / used in print or writing to indicate alternatives or fractions, etc.

barre oblique, slash

barre oblique, slash

Ex: The recipe called for 1/2 cup of sugar, with the slash representing a fraction. 

La recette demandait 1/2 tasse de sucre, avec le slash représentant une fraction.

interjection

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjection

interjection

Ex: She used the word 'interjection' in her English essay to demonstrate her understanding of grammar. 

Elle a utilisé le mot interjection dans sa dissertation en anglais pour démontrer sa compréhension de la grammaire.

particle

a word such as an adverb or preposition that combines with a verb to form a phrasal verb

particule

particule

Ex: The particle "away" changes the meaning of the verb in "throw away." 
e.g.
e.g.
[Adverbe]

used before providing an example

par ex., par exemple

par ex., par exemple

Ex: There are several factors that contribute to climate change, e.g., deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, and industrial pollution. 

Il existe plusieurs facteurs qui contribuent au changement climatique, par exemple, la déforestation, les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et la pollution industrielle.

ungrammatical
ungrammatical
[Adjectif]

not conforming with the rules of grammar

agrammatique

agrammatique

Ex: In English, subject-verb agreement errors can make a sentence ungrammatical. 

En anglais, les erreurs d'accord sujet-verbe peuvent rendre une phrase agrammaticale.

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