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Linguistica - Verbi, Tempi e Modi

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative a verbi, tempi e modi come "participio", "modale" e "imperativo".

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auxiliary verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that is used with other verbs to indicate tense, voice, etc., such as do, have, and be

verbo ausiliare

verbo ausiliare

Ex: In the question, "Do you understand?"Nella domanda "Capisci?", la parola "capisci" è un **verbo ausiliare**.
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future tense
[sostantivo]

a grammatical tense used to describe actions or events that are expected to happen after the present moment

tempo futuro

tempo futuro

Ex: She explained how the future tense can indicate predictions or intentions .Ha spiegato come il **futuro** possa indicare previsioni o intenzioni.
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indicative
[sostantivo]

(grammar) the mood of a verb that states a fact

indicativo

indicativo

Ex: Teachers emphasize the importance of mastering the indicative for fluency in speaking and writing.Gli insegnanti sottolineano l'importanza di padroneggiare l'**indicativo** per la fluidità nel parlare e nello scrivere.
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infinitive
[sostantivo]

(grammar) the root form of a verb

infinito

infinito

Ex: Infinitives are versatile and can be used in various grammatical constructions to express different meanings and functions .Gli **infiniti** sono versatili e possono essere utilizzati in varie costruzioni grammaticali per esprimere significati e funzioni diversi.
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modal
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb that is used with the main verb of a sentence to indicate possibility, intention, etc., such as can, might, should, etc.

modale

modale

Ex: Modals can sometimes be tricky because their meanings can change depending on the context .I **verbi modali** a volte possono essere complicati perché i loro significati possono cambiare a seconda del contesto.
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participle
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a word made from a verb, used as an adjective or a noun, and also used to make compound verb forms in English

participio

participio

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past tense
[sostantivo]

a grammatical form used to describe actions, events, or states that have already occurred or existed in the past

tempo passato

tempo passato

Ex: In the past tense, the verb " eat " changes to " ate . "Nel **tempo passato**, il verbo "mangiare" cambia in "mangiò".
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past participle
[sostantivo]

a form of a verb that "ed", etc. is added to the end of it which is used to form passive or present tenses or adjectives

participio passato

participio passato

Ex: Understanding past participles is crucial for constructing sentences in the past perfect tense .Comprendere i **participi passati** è cruciale per costruire frasi al passato perfetto.
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past perfect tense
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb form that shows an action that was completed before another action or time in the past

tempo passato perfetto

tempo passato perfetto

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present tense
[sostantivo]

a grammatical tense used to describe actions or states that are currently happening or are habitual

tempo presente

tempo presente

Ex: In this passage , the author switches to the present tense for added immediacy .In questo passaggio, l'autore passa al **presente** per aggiungere immediatezza.
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present participle
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb form that typically ends in -ing and is used to indicate ongoing actions, continuous states, or simultaneous actions in relation to the main verb of a sentence

participio presente

participio presente

Ex: Present participles are also used as adjectives , like " a smiling face . "I **participi presenti** sono anche usati come aggettivi, come in "un viso sorridente".
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principal parts
[sostantivo]

(grammar) the basic forms of a verb that help create all its tenses

parti principali

parti principali

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progressive tense
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb tense that is used to indicate an ongoing state or action

tempo progressivo

tempo progressivo

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subjunctive mood
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a mood in verbs that expresses wishes, possibility or uncertainty

umore congiuntivo

umore congiuntivo

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finite verb
[sostantivo]

a verb form that agrees with the subject in tense, number, and person, indicating actions or states that are specific to a particular time and subject

verbo finito, verbo coniugato

verbo finito, verbo coniugato

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conjugation
[sostantivo]

the process of inflecting a verb to show its different forms according to tense, aspect, mood, voice, number, and person

coniugazione

coniugazione

Ex: The teacher emphasized the importance of accurate conjugation in written assignments .L'insegnante ha sottolineato l'importanza di una **coniugazione** accurata nei compiti scritti.
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labile verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that can be used either transitively or intransitively without changing its form

verbo labile, verbo a doppia costruzione

verbo labile, verbo a doppia costruzione

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reflexive verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that indicates that the subject of the verb is also the recipient of the action, typically expressed by using a reflexive pronoun that reflects back to the subject

verbo riflessivo, verbo pronominale

verbo riflessivo, verbo pronominale

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unaccusative verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that describes an action or event where the subject undergoes a change or experiences a state without actively performing the action, typically indicating an involuntary or spontaneous process

verbo inaccusativo, verbo non accusativo

verbo inaccusativo, verbo non accusativo

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modal auxiliary
[sostantivo]

a type of auxiliary verb that is used to express modality, indicating the speaker's attitude towards the action or state expressed by the main verb, such as possibility, necessity, ability, or permission

verbo ausiliare modale, ausiliare modale

verbo ausiliare modale, ausiliare modale

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unergative verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that describes an action or event performed by the subject, indicating an active and voluntary process, without requiring a direct object

verbo inergativo, verbo intransitivo attivo

verbo inergativo, verbo intransitivo attivo

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intransitive verb
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb without a direct object

il verbo intransitivo

il verbo intransitivo

Ex: The child giggled uncontrollably , the innocence of laughter exemplifying the joy that an intransitive verb can bring without needing an object .Il bambino rise in modo incontrollabile, l'innocenza della risata che esemplifica la gioia che un **verbo intransitivo** può portare senza bisogno di un oggetto.
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transitive verb
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb that needs a direct object

il verbo transitivo

il verbo transitivo

Ex: Transitive verbs often answer the question "what" or "whom" after the action verb.I **verbi transitivi** spesso rispondono alla domanda « cosa » o « chi » dopo il verbo d'azione.
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anticausative verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that describes an action or event where the subject undergoes a change or experiences a state without an external agent causing the action, typically indicating a spontaneous or natural process

verbo anticausativo, verbo inaccusativo

verbo anticausativo, verbo inaccusativo

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a verb that can function both transitively and intransitively, meaning it can take a direct object or be used without a direct object, depending on the context and meaning intended

verbo ambitransitivo, verbo che può essere sia transitivo che intransitivo

verbo ambitransitivo, verbo che può essere sia transitivo che intransitivo

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lexical verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that carries the main semantic content in a sentence and conveys the core meaning of the action or state being described

verbo lessicale, verbo pieno

verbo lessicale, verbo pieno

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action verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that expresses an action or movement performed by the subject of the sentence

verbo d'azione, verbo attivo

verbo d'azione, verbo attivo

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linking verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that connects the subject of a sentence to a subject complement, which can be a noun, pronoun, or adjective, and it serves to equate or describe the subject

verbo copulativo, verbo collegamento

verbo copulativo, verbo collegamento

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regular verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that follows a predictable pattern or rule when forming its past tense and past participle forms by adding "-ed" or "-d" to the base form of the verb

verbo regolare, verbo che segue una regola

verbo regolare, verbo che segue una regola

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irregular verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that deviates from the standard pattern of forming past tense and past participle forms, requiring unique or modified forms that do not follow a consistent rule

verbo irregolare, verbo anomalo

verbo irregolare, verbo anomalo

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stative verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that describes a state, condition, or state of being rather than an action or movement

verbo stativo, verbo di stato

verbo stativo, verbo di stato

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phrasal verb
[sostantivo]

(grammar) an idiomatic expression that is formed by a verb and a particle which has a particular meaning

verbo frasale

verbo frasale

Ex: Learning phrasal verbs like " pick up " ( to learn or to gather ) can greatly enhance your English fluency .Imparare **verbi frasali** come "pick up" (imparare o raccogliere) può migliorare notevolmente la tua fluidità in inglese.
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imperative verb
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a verb or verb phrase that expresses an order to do something

verbo imperativo

verbo imperativo

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non-finite verb
[sostantivo]

a verb form that does not function as the main verb in a sentence and does not indicate tense, number, or person

verbo non finito, verbo non coniugato

verbo non finito, verbo non coniugato

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the conditional
[sostantivo]

the mood of a verb that indicates an action that happens only if another action happens or is true

condizionale

condizionale

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imperative
[sostantivo]

a mood of a verb or phrase that expresses an order

imperativo

imperativo

Ex: The imperative in "Stay calm" makes it clear that the speaker is giving an order.L'**imperativo** in « Stai calmo » rende chiaro che chi parla sta dando un ordine.
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future perfect
[sostantivo]

a verb tense that expresses an action that will be completed in the future before a specified point or event

futuro anteriore, futuro perfetto

futuro anteriore, futuro perfetto

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present simple
[sostantivo]

a verb tense used to describe habitual actions, general truths, and regular occurrences in the present

presente semplice, tempo presente semplice

presente semplice, tempo presente semplice

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future simple
[sostantivo]

a verb tense used to express an action or event that will occur in the future

futuro semplice, tempo futuro semplice

futuro semplice, tempo futuro semplice

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past simple
[sostantivo]

a verb tense used to describe completed actions or events that happened in the past

passato remoto, passato semplice

passato remoto, passato semplice

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a verb form indicating ongoing actions or events in the present, formed by using the present tense of "to be" followed by the present participle of the main verb

presente progressivo, forma progressiva del presente

presente progressivo, forma progressiva del presente

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past progressive
[sostantivo]

a verb form indicating ongoing actions or events in the past, formed by using the past tense of "to be" followed by the present participle of the main verb

passato progressivo, imperfetto progressivo

passato progressivo, imperfetto progressivo

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future progressive
[sostantivo]

a verb form indicating ongoing actions or events in the future, formed by using the future tense of "to be" followed by the present participle of the main verb

futuro progressivo, futuro continuo

futuro progressivo, futuro continuo

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present perfect
[sostantivo]

‌the form of a verb that expresses an action done during a period of time up to and including the present, formed with the present tense of 'have' and the past participle of a verb in English

passato prossimo, presente perfetto

passato prossimo, presente perfetto

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a verb tense used to describe ongoing or continuous actions that started in the past and continue into the present, formed by using the present perfect tense of "to have" followed by "been" and the present participle of the main verb

presente perfetto progressivo, perfetto progressivo presente

presente perfetto progressivo, perfetto progressivo presente

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a verb tense used to describe ongoing or continuous actions that started in the past and continued up until another point in the past, formed by using the past perfect tense of "to have" followed by "been" and the present participle of the main verb

trapassato progressivo, piuccheperfetto progressivo

trapassato progressivo, piuccheperfetto progressivo

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a verb tense that indicates an ongoing or continuous action that will start in the future and continue until a specific future point

futuro perfetto progressivo, futuro perfetto continuo

futuro perfetto progressivo, futuro perfetto continuo

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a verb that requires both a direct object and an additional complement or object that provides more information or further specifies the action

verbo transitivo complesso, verbo transitivo con complemento

verbo transitivo complesso, verbo transitivo con complemento

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ditransitive verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that takes both a direct object and an indirect object, indicating that the action of the verb is performed on or transferred to someone or something

verbo ditransitivo, verbo a doppia transitività

verbo ditransitivo, verbo a doppia transitività

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dummy verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that is used in certain constructions to fulfill a grammatical function without conveying any significant meaning or action

verbo fittizio, verbo vuoto

verbo fittizio, verbo vuoto

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catenative verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that can be followed by another verb, either in the form of a bare infinitive or an -ing form, creating a chain or sequence of verbs in a sentence

verbo catenativo, verbo concatenato

verbo catenativo, verbo concatenato

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voice
[sostantivo]

(grammar) the form of a verb that indicates whether the subject does something or something is done to it

voce

voce

Ex: Understanding when to use active or passive voice is an important aspect of writing effectively and communicating ideas clearly in English grammar.Capire quando usare la **voce** attiva o passiva è un aspetto importante per scrivere in modo efficace e comunicare idee in modo chiaro nella grammatica inglese.
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passive voice
[sostantivo]

(in grammar) the form of a verb used when the grammatical subject is affected by the action of the verb, rather than performing it

passiva

passiva

Ex: Many scientific papers rely on passive voice to focus on the research rather than the researchers .Molti articoli scientifici si basano sulla **voce passiva** per concentrarsi sulla ricerca piuttosto che sui ricercatori.
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active voice
[sostantivo]

(grammar) the voice in which the subject is the agent that does the action of the verb

attiva

attiva

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archaic verb
[sostantivo]

a verb that was commonly used in earlier periods of language but is now considered outdated or no longer in common usage

verbo arcaico, verbo desueto

verbo arcaico, verbo desueto

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declarative mood
[sostantivo]

a grammatical mood used to make statements or express facts, opinions, or information

modo dichiarativo, indicativo

modo dichiarativo, indicativo

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exclamatory mood
[sostantivo]

a grammatical mood used to convey intense emotions, excitement, surprise, or strong statements, typically marked by the use of exclamation marks and vibrant language to express enthusiasm, astonishment, joy, or other intense feelings

modo esclamativo, umore esclamativo

modo esclamativo, umore esclamativo

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zero conditional
[sostantivo]

a type of conditional sentence that expresses a factual or general truth, where the condition and the result are both in the present tense and the condition is always true, often formed using the present simple tense in both the condition and result clauses

condizionale zero, frase condizionale di tipo zero

condizionale zero, frase condizionale di tipo zero

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semi-modal
[sostantivo]

a group of verbs that have some characteristics of modal verbs but also exhibit certain features of regular main verbs in terms of their usage and behavior in sentences

semi-modale, verbo semi-modale

semi-modale, verbo semi-modale

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coverb
[sostantivo]

a multi-functional word that combines verb and preposition properties, serving as a single morpheme to express complex ideas in languages like Chinese and Korean

coverbo, parola copertura

coverbo, parola copertura

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transitivity
[sostantivo]

the property of a verb that indicates whether it takes a direct object or not, determining the number and types of arguments it requires in a sentence

transitività, la proprietà transitiva

transitività, la proprietà transitiva

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separable verb
[sostantivo]

a type of verb in which a particle, typically an adverb or a preposition, can be separated from the main verb and placed either before or after the object in a sentence, often resulting in a change in meaning or emphasis

verbo separabile

verbo separabile

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perfect participle
[sostantivo]

a verb form that expresses an action that has been completed prior to another point in time

participio perfetto, participio passato

participio perfetto, participio passato

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antipassive voice
[sostantivo]

a grammatical construction that alters a transitive verb by omitting or demoting the object, shifting the focus to the subject and emphasizing the action or the subject's involvement

voce antipassiva, costruzione antipassiva

voce antipassiva, costruzione antipassiva

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a grammatical construction used to express a passive action without specifying the agent or doer of the action, focusing instead on the action itself or its general occurrence

voce passiva impersonale, costruzione passiva impersonale

voce passiva impersonale, costruzione passiva impersonale

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