TOEFL のための上級語彙 - 罪と罰

to violently attack someone

攻撃する, 襲う

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

賄賂を贈る, 賄賂を渡す

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

虐待する, 破壊する

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

マネーロンダリングする, 洗浄する

to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

奪う, 私有化する

goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

密輸品, 違法品

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

密輸する, 密入する

to cruelly or violently treat a person or an animal, especially regularly or repeatedly

虐待する, 乱用する

to demand funds or another benefit from someone in exchange for not damaging their reputation

恐喝する, ゆする

to illegally take someone away, especially by force or deception

誘拐する, 拉致する

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

だます, 詐欺を働く

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

共謀する, 結託する

to make secret plans with other people to commit an illegal or destructive act

陰謀を巡らす, 共謀する

to make false and adverse statements about someone for defamation

誹謗する, 中傷する

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

横領, embezzlement

to enter someone's land or building without permission

無断で入る, 侵入する

the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

カージャッキング, 車両の強奪

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

少年非行, 未成年犯罪

someone who has committed or has been legally found guilty of a serious crime

重罪者, 犯罪者

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

共犯者, 仲間

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

軽犯罪, 軽度の違法行為

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

重犯罪, フェロニー

the crime of murdering another person

殺人, 人殺し

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

ジェノサイド

‌an act of violently stealing something valuable, especially from a shop or bank

強盗, 強奪

the act of stealing something from someone, especially without breaking into a building

窃盗, 盗み

the offense of telling lies in a court of law after you have vowed to tell the truth

偽証

someone who commits a series of murders in a similar pattern

シリアルキラー, 連続殺人者

the action of keeping someone in a closed space, prison, etc., usually by force

監禁, 閉じ込め

the act of suggesting that someone is guilty, particularly of a crime

有罪にする行為, 告発

to arrest someone

逮捕する, 拘束する

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

引き渡す, 送還する

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

拘留する, 抑留する

the act of putting or keeping someone in captivity

投獄, 収監

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

追放する, 亡命させる

relating to the enforcement of rules or the correction of behavior

懲戒的な, 規律に関する

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

押収する, 取り上げる

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

処刑する, 実行する (動詞として)

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

失う, forfeiture