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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Crimen y Castigo

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre el crimen y el castigo, como "bribe", "abuse", "slander", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to assault
to assault
[Verbo]

to violently attack someone

violar

violar

Ex: The bouncer intervened to stop the aggressive patron from assaulting another customer. 

El gorila intervino para evitar que el cliente agresivo agrediera a otro cliente.

to bribe
to bribe
[Verbo]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

sobornar, coimear, morder

sobornar, coimear, morder

Ex: The contractor was accused of trying to bribe inspectors to overlook building code violations. 

El contratista fue acusado de intentar sobornar a los inspectores para que pasaran por alto las violaciones del código de construcción.

to vandalize

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

destrozar

destrozar

Ex: Schools implemented security measures to prevent students from vandalizing facilities. 

Las escuelas implementaron medidas de seguridad para evitar que los estudiantes vandalicen las instalaciones.

to launder
to launder
[Verbo]

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

lavar

lavar

Ex: She launders the money through multiple bank accounts. 

Ella blanquea el dinero a través de múltiples cuentas bancarias.

to appropriate

to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

apropiarse de

apropiarse de

Ex: The author discovered that someone had appropriated their work and published it under a different name. 

El autor descubrió que alguien se había apropiado de su trabajo y lo había publicado bajo un nombre diferente.

contraband
contraband
[Sustantivo]

goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

contrabando

contrabando

Ex: The police found contraband hidden in the suspect’s vehicle. 

La policía encontró contrabando escondido en el vehículo del sospechoso.

to smuggle
to smuggle
[Verbo]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

contrabandear

contrabandear

Ex: Authorities discovered a tunnel used to smuggle goods between two countries. 

Las autoridades descubrieron un túnel utilizado para contrabandear mercancías entre dos países.

to abuse
to abuse
[Verbo]

to cruelly or violently treat a person or an animal, especially regularly or repeatedly

maltratar

maltratar

Ex: Animal rights activists work tirelessly to expose and stop individuals who abuse animals for entertainment purposes. 

Los activistas por los derechos de los animales trabajan incansablemente para exponer y detener a las personas que maltratan a los animales con fines de entretenimiento.

to blackmail

to gain money, property, or some advantage by threatening someone

chantajear

chantajear

Ex: She was blackmailed with private photographs. 

Fue chantajeada con fotografías privadas.

to abduct
to abduct
[Verbo]

to illegally take someone away, especially by force or deception

raptar

raptar

Ex: The organization was notorious for attempting to abduct scientists to gain access to classified information. 

La organización era conocida por intentar secuestrar a científicos para obtener acceso a información clasificada.

to swindle
to swindle
[Verbo]

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

estafar

estafar

Ex: The online scammer swindled victims by posing as a legitimate seller and never delivering the purchased goods. 

El estafador en línea estafó a las víctimas haciéndose pasar por un vendedor legítimo y nunca entregando los bienes comprados.

to collude
to collude
[Verbo]

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

conspirar, confabularse

conspirar, confabularse

Ex: The defendants were accused of colluding with foreign agents to influence the outcome of the election. 

Los acusados fueron acusados de coludir con agentes extranjeros para influir en el resultado de las elecciones.

to conspire

to make secret plans with other people to commit an illegal or destructive act

conspirar

conspirar

Ex: The court found evidence that the suspects had conspired to commit white-collar crimes. 

El tribunal encontró evidencia de que los sospechosos habían conspirado para cometer delitos de cuello blanco.

to slander
to slander
[Verbo]

to make false and adverse statements about someone for defamation

difamar

difamar

embezzlement
embezzlement
[Sustantivo]

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

desfalco

desfalco

Ex: The nonprofit organization implemented stricter financial controls to prevent future incidents of embezzlement. 

La organización sin fines de lucro implementó controles financieros más estrictos para prevenir futuros incidentes de malversación.

to trespass

to enter someone's land or building without permission

entrar sin autorización

entrar sin autorización

Ex: Trespassing onto railroad tracks is not only illegal but also extremely dangerous. 

Invadir las vías del ferrocarril no solo es ilegal sino también extremadamente peligroso.

carjacking
carjacking
[Sustantivo]

the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

robo de auto con violencia

robo de auto con violencia

Ex: The police are investigating a carjacking that happened in the downtown area. 

La policía está investigando un robo de coche con violencia que ocurrió en el área del centro.

delinquency
delinquency
[Sustantivo]

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

delincuencia

delincuencia

Ex: Delinquency can include a range of offenses, from truancy and vandalism to more serious crimes like theft or assault. 

La delincuencia puede incluir una variedad de delitos, desde el absentismo escolar y el vandalismo hasta crímenes más graves como el robo o el asalto.

felon
felon
[Sustantivo]

someone who has committed or has been legally found guilty of a serious crime

delincuente, criminal

delincuente, criminal

Ex: Amanda's conviction for arson resulted in her being labeled a felon and serving a lengthy prison sentence. 

La condena de Amanda por incendio provocado resultó en que fuera etiquetada como delincuente y cumpliera una larga sentencia de prisión.

accomplice
accomplice
[Sustantivo]

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

cómplice

cómplice

Ex: The investigators uncovered evidence linking him to the crime, establishing his role as an accomplice. 

Los investigadores descubrieron pruebas que lo vinculaban al crimen, estableciendo su papel como cómplice.

misdemeanor
misdemeanor
[Sustantivo]

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

falta, delito menor

falta, delito menor

Ex: His misdemeanor conviction for shoplifting led to a few months of community service and probation. 

Su condena por delito menor por hurto en tiendas resultó en unos meses de servicio comunitario y libertad condicional.

felony
felony
[Sustantivo]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

crimen

crimen

Ex: The suspect was arrested and charged with a felony after being found in possession of illegal firearms. 

El sospechoso fue arrestado y acusado de un delito grave después de ser encontrado en posesión de armas ilegales.

homicide
homicide
[Sustantivo]

the act of one person killing another, whether lawfully or unlawfully

homicidio

homicidio

Ex: Not all homicides are criminal; some occur in self-defense. 

No todos los homicidios son delictivos; algunos ocurren en defensa propia.

genocide
genocide
[Sustantivo]

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

genocidio

genocidio

Ex: The Holocaust is one of the most well-known instances of genocide in history, targeting Jews and other marginalized groups. 

El Holocausto es uno de los ejemplos más conocidos de genocidio en la historia, dirigido contra los judíos y otros grupos marginados.

heist
heist
[Sustantivo]

‌an act of violently stealing something valuable, especially from a shop or bank

atraco

atraco

Ex: The movie is about a daring museum heist. 

La película trata sobre un robo audaz en un museo.

larceny
larceny
[Sustantivo]

the act of stealing something from someone, especially without breaking into a building

robo

robo

Ex: The court convicted him of larceny. 

El tribunal lo declaró culpable de hurto.

perjury
perjury
[Sustantivo]

the offense of telling lies in a court of law after you have vowed to tell the truth

perjurio

perjurio

Ex: The witness was accused of perjury. 

El testigo fue acusado de perjurio.

serial killer
serial killer
[Sustantivo]

someone who commits a series of murders in a similar pattern

asesino en serie

asesino en serie

Ex: Serial killers often have specific patterns or motives. 

Los asesinos en serie a menudo tienen patrones o motivos específicos.

confinement
confinement
[Sustantivo]

the action of keeping someone in a closed space, prison, etc., usually by force

confinamiento

confinamiento

Ex: The patient remained under confinement in the hospital. 

El paciente permaneció bajo confinamiento en el hospital.

incrimination
incrimination
[Sustantivo]

the act of suggesting that someone is guilty, particularly of a crime

incriminación

incriminación

Ex: Incrimination can occur even without a trial. 

Incriminación puede ocurrir incluso sin un juicio.

to apprehend

to arrest someone

detener, aprehender

detener, aprehender

Ex: The decision to apprehend the suspect was made after careful surveillance and analysis. 

La decisión de detener al sospechoso se tomó después de una vigilancia y análisis cuidadosos.

to extradite

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

extraditar

extraditar

Ex: The suspect evaded arrest for years but was finally extradited to the country where the crime occurred. 

El sospechoso evitó el arresto durante años pero finalmente fue extraditado al país donde ocurrió el crimen.

to detain
to detain
[Verbo]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

detener, arrestar

detener, arrestar

Ex: During the investigation, law enforcement has the power to detain individuals suspected of a crime. 

Durante la investigación, las fuerzas del orden tienen el poder de detener a individuos sospechosos de un delito.

incarceration
incarceration
[Sustantivo]

the act of putting or keeping someone in captivity

encarcelamiento

encarcelamiento

Ex: Many activists are pushing for alternatives to incarceration for non-violent offenders. 

Muchos activistas están presionando por alternativas a la encarcelación para delincuentes no violentos.

to exile
to exile
[Verbo]

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

exiliar

exiliar

Ex: The dictator decided to exile his political opponents to maintain control. 

El dictador decidió exiliar a sus oponentes políticos para mantener el control.

disciplinary
disciplinary
[Adjetivo]

relating to the enforcement of rules or the correction of behavior

disciplinario

disciplinario

Ex: Disciplinary proceedings were initiated following allegations of professional misconduct. 

Se iniciaron procedimientos disciplinarios tras denuncias de mala conducta profesional.

to confiscate

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

confiscar

confiscar

Ex: If students violate school rules, teachers may confiscate unauthorized items. 

Si los estudiantes violan las reglas de la escuela, los maestros pueden confiscar artículos no autorizados.

to execute
to execute
[Verbo]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

ejecutar

ejecutar

Ex: The controversial practice of executing prisoners by firing squad has been abolished in many places due to ethical concerns. 

La práctica controvertida de ejecutar a prisioneros por pelotón de fusilamiento ha sido abolida en muchos lugares debido a preocupaciones éticas.

to forfeit
to forfeit
[Verbo]

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

perder

perder

Ex: Companies involved in environmental violations may forfeit their licenses to operate. 

Las empresas involucradas en violaciones ambientales pueden perder sus licencias para operar.

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