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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Zločin a trest

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o zločinu a trestu, jako je „úplatek“, „zneužívání“, „pomluva“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to assault
[sloveso]

to violently attack someone

napadnout, útočit na

napadnout, útočit na

Ex: Authorities worked to create awareness about the consequences assaulting healthcare workers during the pandemic .
to bribe
[sloveso]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

podplatit, úplatit

podplatit, úplatit

to vandalize
[sloveso]

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

vandalizovat, poškozovat

vandalizovat, poškozovat

to launder
[sloveso]

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

legalizovat, prát (peníze)

legalizovat, prát (peníze)

to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

podvodně si přivlastnit, nelegálně si přivlastnit

podvodně si přivlastnit, nelegálně si přivlastnit

Ex: The artist was accused appropriating cultural symbols without understanding their significance .
contraband
[Podstatné jméno]

goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

protiprávní zboží, nezákonný majetek

protiprávní zboží, nezákonný majetek

to smuggle
[sloveso]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

přepadnout, nelegálně přepravovat

přepadnout, nelegálně přepravovat

to abuse
[sloveso]

to cruelly or violently treat a person or an animal, especially regularly or repeatedly

zneužívat, dělat násilí

zneužívat, dělat násilí

Ex: Teachers are trained to recognize signs of bullying and intervene when students abusing their peers .
to abduct
[sloveso]

to illegally take someone away, especially by force or deception

unesení, odvedení

unesení, odvedení

Ex: If the security measures fail , criminals will abduct more victims .
to swindle
[sloveso]

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

okrást, švindlovat

okrást, švindlovat

to collude
[sloveso]

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

spolčit se, tajně spolupracovat

spolčit se, tajně spolupracovat

to conspire
[sloveso]

to make secret plans with other people to commit an illegal or destructive act

spiknout se, společně se domluvit

spiknout se, společně se domluvit

embezzlement
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

zpronevěra, podvodné nakládání s prostředky

zpronevěra, podvodné nakládání s prostředky

to trespass
[sloveso]

to enter someone's land or building without permission

vniknout, trespassovat

vniknout, trespassovat

carjacking
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

drogé loupeže, loupání automobilu

drogé loupeže, loupání automobilu

delinquency
[Podstatné jméno]

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

delikvence, přečin

delikvence, přečin

felon
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who has committed or has been legally found guilty of a serious crime

zločinec, delikvent

zločinec, delikvent

Ex: The community was concerned about the presence of a felon in their neighborhood .
accomplice
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

spolupachatel, komplic

spolupachatel, komplic

Ex: The investigators uncovered evidence linking him to the crime , establishing his role as accomplice.
misdemeanor
[Podstatné jméno]

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

přečin, přestupek

přečin, přestupek

felony
[Podstatné jméno]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

těžký zločin, závažný delikt

těžký zločin, závažný delikt

genocide
[Podstatné jméno]

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

genocida, hromadná vražda

genocida, hromadná vražda

to apprehend
[sloveso]

to arrest someone

zadržet, arrestovat

zadržet, arrestovat

Ex: Special units are apprehending suspects involved in financial fraud .
to extradite
[sloveso]

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

vydat, extradovat

vydat, extradovat

Ex: The judge ruled that they could extradite the accused without proper evidence .
to detain
[sloveso]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

zadržet, zadržovat

zadržet, zadržovat

incarceration
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of putting or keeping someone in captivity

uvěznění, zadržení

uvěznění, zadržení

to exile
[sloveso]

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

vyhnat, exilovat

vyhnat, exilovat

disciplinary
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to the enforcement of rules or the correction of behavior

disciplinární, dohlédací

disciplinární, dohlédací

to confiscate
[sloveso]

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

konfiskovat, odebrat

konfiskovat, odebrat

to execute
[sloveso]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

vykonat, popravit

vykonat, popravit

to forfeit
[sloveso]

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

ztratit, vzít zpět

ztratit, vzít zpět

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