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Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Crime and Punishment

Here you will learn some English words about crime and punishment, such as "bribe", "abuse", "slander", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

to violently attack someone

Ex: Authorities worked to create awareness about the consequences of assaulting healthcare workers during the pandemic .
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to bribe
[Verb]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

Ex: The whistleblower came forward with information about a scheme to bribe public officials for construction permits .
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to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

Ex: The police arrested individuals for vandalizing street signs and traffic signals .
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to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

Ex: By the time the authorities arrived , they had already laundered the money .
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to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

Ex: The artist was accused of appropriating cultural symbols without understanding their significance .
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goods or items whose importation, exportation, or possession is prohibited by law

Ex: Customs officials conducted an investigation into the flow of contraband through the port .
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to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

Ex: The gang smuggled rare animals across the border .
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to abuse
[Verb]

to cruelly or violently treat a person or an animal, especially regularly or repeatedly

Ex: Teachers are trained to recognize signs of bullying and intervene when students are abusing their peers .
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to demand funds or another benefit from someone in exchange for not damaging their reputation

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to abduct
[Verb]

to illegally take someone away, especially by force or deception

Ex: If the security measures fail , criminals will likely abduct more victims .
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to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

Ex: Do n't fall victim to schemes that promise unrealistic returns but ultimately swindle you out of your hard-earned money .
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‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

Ex: The competitors were suspected of colluding to divide up contracts and stifle competition in the industry .
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to make secret plans with other people to commit an illegal or destructive act

Ex: The political scandal involved high-profile figures conspiring to manipulate public opinion .
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to make false and adverse statements about someone for defamation

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the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

Ex: Conviction for embezzlement can result in severe penalties , including imprisonment , fines , and restitution to the victims .
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to enter someone's land or building without permission

Ex: The homeowner pressed charges against the individuals for trespassing on their land without permission.
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the act of violently stealing a car while someone is inside it

Ex: She was traumatized after a carjacking that occurred while she was stopped at a red light .
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a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

Ex: Chronic delinquency in adolescence can sometimes predict continued criminal behavior into adulthood , highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies .
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felon
[noun]

someone who has committed or has been legally found guilty of a serious crime

Ex: The community was concerned about the presence of a known felon in their neighborhood .
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someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

Ex: The investigators uncovered evidence linking him to the crime , establishing his role as an accomplice.
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an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

Ex: Public intoxication is often classified as a misdemeanor, leading to a night in jail or a minor fine .
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felony
[noun]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

Ex: His criminal record showed multiple felonies, making it difficult for him to find employment after his release from prison .
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homicide
[noun]

the crime of murdering another person

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genocide
[noun]

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

Ex: Preventing genocide and atrocities is a critical goal of international human rights efforts .
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heist
[noun]

‌an act of violently stealing something valuable, especially from a shop or bank

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larceny
[noun]

the act of stealing something from someone, especially without breaking into a building

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perjury
[noun]

the offense of telling lies in a court of law after you have vowed to tell the truth

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someone who commits a series of murders in a similar pattern

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the action of keeping someone in a closed space, prison, etc., usually by force

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the act of suggesting that someone is guilty, particularly of a crime

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to arrest someone

Ex: Special units are currently apprehending suspects involved in financial fraud .
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to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

Ex: The judge ruled that they could not extradite the accused without proper evidence .
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to detain
[Verb]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

Ex: The store security may detain shoplifters until the arrival of law enforcement .
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the act of putting or keeping someone in captivity

Ex: Her incarceration gave her time to reflect on the choices she made in life .
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to exile
[Verb]

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

Ex: The journalist was exiled for exposing government corruption .
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disciplinary
[Adjective]

relating to the enforcement of rules or the correction of behavior

Ex: Effective disciplinary action aims to modify behavior and prevent future infractions .
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to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

Ex: By the end of the day , the teacher will have hopefully confiscated any unauthorized items .
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to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

Ex: International human rights organizations often condemn governments that execute individuals without fair trials or proper legal representation .
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to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

Ex: Failure to comply with regulations may lead businesses to forfeit their operating permits .
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Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL
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