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- 免疫システム

ここでは、"抗体"、"好塩基球"、"リンパ球"など、免疫系に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Body

one of the many cells that protects the body against diseases

白血球, 白血球細胞

白血球, 白血球細胞

Ex: Certain diseases , such as leukemia , can cause abnormal levels of white blood cells in the bloodstream .白血病などの特定の疾患は、血流中の**白血球**の異常なレベルを引き起こす可能性があります。
antibody
[名詞]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

抗体, 免疫グロブリン

抗体, 免疫グロブリン

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .免疫システムを弱める薬は、**抗体**のレベルを下げる可能性があります。
antigen
[名詞]

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

抗原, 抗原物質

抗原, 抗原物質

Ex: A positive test result indicates that the antigen is present in the sample .
basophil
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and immune responses in the human body

好塩基球, 好塩基性顆粒球

好塩基球, 好塩基性顆粒球

lymphocyte
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response, responsible for recognizing and destroying foreign invaders in the body

リンパ球, 免疫反応に関与する白血球の一種

リンパ球, 免疫反応に関与する白血球の一種

B lymphocyte
[名詞]

an immune cell that produces antibodies to help protect the body against infections

Bリンパ球, B細胞

Bリンパ球, B細胞

T lymphocyte
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell that plays a central role in the immune response by recognizing and attacking infected or abnormal cells

Tリンパ球, T細胞

Tリンパ球, T細胞

a type of immune cell that displays foreign antigens on its surface to activate other cells of the immune system, such as T cells and B cells, to mount an immune response against the pathogen

抗原提示細胞

抗原提示細胞

cytokine
[名詞]

a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body

サイトカイン, 細胞シグナル伝達タンパク質

サイトカイン, 細胞シグナル伝達タンパク質

monocyte
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell involved in immune responses and inflammation

単球

単球

an immune cell that can respond more quickly and effectively to a pathogen upon re-exposure

メモリーB細胞, 記憶B細胞

メモリーB細胞, 記憶B細胞

an immune cell that retains information about previously encountered pathogens to mount a quicker and more efficient immune response upon re-exposure

メモリーT細胞, 記憶T細胞

メモリーT細胞, 記憶T細胞

plasma cell
[名詞]

a mature B lymphocyte that secretes antibodies

形質細胞, プラズマ細胞

形質細胞, プラズマ細胞

a type of immune cell that plays a critical role in presenting antigens to other immune cells, helping to initiate and regulate immune responses

樹状細胞, 抗原提示細胞

樹状細胞, 抗原提示細胞

granulocyte
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell characterized by cytoplasmic granules and involved in the body's immune response

顆粒球, 顆粒性白血球

顆粒球, 顆粒性白血球

a group of proteins that are found on the surface of cells and play a key role in the immune system recognition and response

ヒト白血球抗原, HLAシステム

ヒト白血球抗原, HLAシステム

a type of immune cell that can directly kill infected or abnormal cells in the body

細胞傷害性T細胞

細胞傷害性T細胞

a type of immune cell that plays a central role in coordinating and regulating immune responses

ヘルパーT細胞, Tヘルパー細胞

ヘルパーT細胞, Tヘルパー細胞

a type of immune cell that helps maintain immune balance and prevent excessive immune responses in the human body

制御性T細胞, 調節性T細胞

制御性T細胞, 調節性T細胞

a set of genes that help the immune system recognize and respond to foreign substances in the body by presenting them to immune cells for identification

主要組織適合遺伝子複合体, MHC

主要組織適合遺伝子複合体, MHC

macrophage
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign substances, pathogens, and cellular debris in the body

マクロファージ

マクロファージ

phagocyte
[名詞]

a type of immune cell in the human body that engulfs and eliminates pathogens and foreign particles through the process of phagocytosis

食細胞, 食作用細胞

食細胞, 食作用細胞

mast cell
[名詞]

a type of immune cell that releases chemical mediators involved in allergic reactions

肥満細胞, マスト細胞

肥満細胞, マスト細胞

neutrophil
[名詞]

a type of white blood cell that helps defend the body against bacterial infections by engulfing and destroying bacteria

好中球, 好中球性顆粒球

好中球, 好中球性顆粒球

leukocyte
[名詞]

a key component of the immune system responsible for defending the body against infections and diseases

白血球

白血球

a type of immune cell that has the ability to suppress immune responses, and they are often associated with pathological conditions such as cancer and inflammation

骨髄由来抑制細胞, 骨髄抑制細胞

骨髄由来抑制細胞, 骨髄抑制細胞

eosinophil
[名詞]

a specialized type of white blood cell found in the human body

好酸球, 好酸球性顆粒球

好酸球, 好酸球性顆粒球

a type of immune cell that is capable of recognizing and destroying infected or cancerous cells in the body without prior sensitization or activation

ナチュラルキラー細胞, NK細胞

ナチュラルキラー細胞, NK細胞

adenoid
[名詞]

(usually plural) each of the pair of large lymphoid tissues high up in the throat and behind the nose that have to be removed if swollen

アデノイド, 咽頭扁桃

アデノイド, 咽頭扁桃

tonsil
[名詞]

(anatomy) each of the pair of lymphoid tissues in the pharynx at the side of the tongue root

扁桃腺, トンシル

扁桃腺, トンシル

spleen
[名詞]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

脾臓, ひぞう

脾臓, ひぞう

Ex: The spleen also serves as a reservoir for platelets and white blood cells , releasing them into circulation as needed to support the immune response .**脾臓**はまた、血小板と白血球の貯蔵庫として機能し、免疫応答をサポートするために必要に応じてそれらを循環に放出します。
lymph node
[名詞]

a small organ in the lymphatic system that filters and traps foreign substances, helping to fight infections and support immune responses

リンパ節, 淋巴節

リンパ節, 淋巴節

macrocyte
[名詞]

an abnormally large red blood cell found in the bloodstream

大赤血球

大赤血球

microcyte
[名詞]

an abnormally small red blood cell that can indicate certain types of anemia or underlying health conditions

小赤血球, 異常に小さい赤血球

小赤血球, 異常に小さい赤血球

reticulocyte
[名詞]

an immature form of a red blood cell that indicates active blood cell production in the bone marrow

網状赤血球

網状赤血球

poikilocyte
[名詞]

an abnormally shaped red blood cell that deviates from the normal biconcave disc shape, often seen in certain blood disorders or pathologies

異形赤血球, 異常な形の赤血球

異形赤血球, 異常な形の赤血球

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