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Corpo - Il Sistema Immunitario

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative al sistema immunitario, come "anticorpo", "basofilo" e "linfocita".

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Words Related to Body
white blood cell
[sostantivo]

one of the many cells that protects the body against diseases

globuli bianchi

globuli bianchi

Ex: Certain diseases , such as leukemia , can cause abnormal levels of white blood cells in the bloodstream .Alcune malattie, come la leucemia, possono causare livelli anormali di **globuli bianchi** nel flusso sanguigno.
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antibody
[sostantivo]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

anticorpo

anticorpo

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .I farmaci che indeboliscono il tuo sistema immunitario possono abbassare i livelli di **anticorpi**.
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antigen
[sostantivo]

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

antigene

antigene

Ex: A positive test result indicates that the antigen is present in the sample .
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basophil
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and immune responses in the human body

basofilo, granulocita basofilo

basofilo, granulocita basofilo

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lymphocyte
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response, responsible for recognizing and destroying foreign invaders in the body

linfocita, globulo bianco coinvolto nella risposta immunitaria

linfocita, globulo bianco coinvolto nella risposta immunitaria

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B lymphocyte
[sostantivo]

an immune cell that produces antibodies to help protect the body against infections

linfocita B, cellula B

linfocita B, cellula B

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T lymphocyte
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell that plays a central role in the immune response by recognizing and attacking infected or abnormal cells

linfocita T, cellula T

linfocita T, cellula T

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a type of immune cell that displays foreign antigens on its surface to activate other cells of the immune system, such as T cells and B cells, to mount an immune response against the pathogen

cellula presentante l'antigene

cellula presentante l'antigene

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cytokine
[sostantivo]

a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body

citochina, proteina di segnalazione cellulare

citochina, proteina di segnalazione cellulare

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monocyte
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell involved in immune responses and inflammation

monocita

monocita

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memory B cell
[sostantivo]

an immune cell that can respond more quickly and effectively to a pathogen upon re-exposure

linfocita B memoria, cellula B memoria

linfocita B memoria, cellula B memoria

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memory T cell
[sostantivo]

an immune cell that retains information about previously encountered pathogens to mount a quicker and more efficient immune response upon re-exposure

linfocita T memoria, cellula T memoria

linfocita T memoria, cellula T memoria

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plasma cell
[sostantivo]

a mature B lymphocyte that secretes antibodies

plasmocita, cellula plasmatica

plasmocita, cellula plasmatica

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dendritic cell
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell that plays a critical role in presenting antigens to other immune cells, helping to initiate and regulate immune responses

cellula dendritica, cellula presentante l'antigene

cellula dendritica, cellula presentante l'antigene

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granulocyte
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell characterized by cytoplasmic granules and involved in the body's immune response

granulocita, leucocita granulare

granulocita, leucocita granulare

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a group of proteins that are found on the surface of cells and play a key role in the immune system recognition and response

antigene leucocitario umano, sistema HLA

antigene leucocitario umano, sistema HLA

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cytotoxic t cell
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell that can directly kill infected or abnormal cells in the body

cellula T citotossica

cellula T citotossica

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helper T cell
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell that plays a central role in coordinating and regulating immune responses

linfocita T helper, cellula T ausiliaria

linfocita T helper, cellula T ausiliaria

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regulatory T cell
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell that helps maintain immune balance and prevent excessive immune responses in the human body

linfocita T regolatore, cellula T regolatrice

linfocita T regolatore, cellula T regolatrice

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a set of genes that help the immune system recognize and respond to foreign substances in the body by presenting them to immune cells for identification

complesso maggiore di istocompatibilità, MHC

complesso maggiore di istocompatibilità, MHC

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macrophage
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign substances, pathogens, and cellular debris in the body

macrofago

macrofago

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phagocyte
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell in the human body that engulfs and eliminates pathogens and foreign particles through the process of phagocytosis

fagocita, cellula fagocitaria

fagocita, cellula fagocitaria

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mast cell
[sostantivo]

a type of immune cell that releases chemical mediators involved in allergic reactions

mastocita, cellula mastocitaria

mastocita, cellula mastocitaria

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neutrophil
[sostantivo]

a type of white blood cell that helps defend the body against bacterial infections by engulfing and destroying bacteria

neutrofilo, granulocito neutrofilo

neutrofilo, granulocito neutrofilo

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leukocyte
[sostantivo]

a key component of the immune system responsible for defending the body against infections and diseases

leucocita

leucocita

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a type of immune cell that has the ability to suppress immune responses, and they are often associated with pathological conditions such as cancer and inflammation

cellula soppressore derivata dal mieloide, cellula mieloide soppressore

cellula soppressore derivata dal mieloide, cellula mieloide soppressore

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eosinophil
[sostantivo]

a specialized type of white blood cell found in the human body

eosinofilo, granulocita eosinofilo

eosinofilo, granulocita eosinofilo

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a type of immune cell that is capable of recognizing and destroying infected or cancerous cells in the body without prior sensitization or activation

cellula natural killer, linfocito NK

cellula natural killer, linfocito NK

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adenoid
[sostantivo]

(usually plural) each of the pair of large lymphoid tissues high up in the throat and behind the nose that have to be removed if swollen

adenoide

adenoide

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tonsil
[sostantivo]

(anatomy) each of the pair of lymphoid tissues in the pharynx at the side of the tongue root

tonsilla

tonsilla

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spleen
[sostantivo]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

milza

milza

Ex: The spleen also serves as a reservoir for platelets and white blood cells , releasing them into circulation as needed to support the immune response .La **milza** funge anche da serbatoio per piastrine e globuli bianchi, rilasciandoli nella circolazione secondo necessità per sostenere la risposta immunitaria.
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lymph node
[sostantivo]

a small organ in the lymphatic system that filters and traps foreign substances, helping to fight infections and support immune responses

linfonodo, ghiandola linfatica

linfonodo, ghiandola linfatica

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macrocyte
[sostantivo]

an abnormally large red blood cell found in the bloodstream

macrocita

macrocita

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microcyte
[sostantivo]

an abnormally small red blood cell that can indicate certain types of anemia or underlying health conditions

microcita, globulo rosso anormalmente piccolo

microcita, globulo rosso anormalmente piccolo

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reticulocyte
[sostantivo]

an immature form of a red blood cell that indicates active blood cell production in the bone marrow

reticolocita

reticolocita

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poikilocyte
[sostantivo]

an abnormally shaped red blood cell that deviates from the normal biconcave disc shape, often seen in certain blood disorders or pathologies

poichilocita, globulo rosso di forma anomala

poichilocita, globulo rosso di forma anomala

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